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Race-Sex Differences in Statin Use and Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Control Among People With Diabetes Mellitus in the Reasons for Geographic and Racial Differences in Stroke Study Health Services and Outcomes Research
BackgroundStatin therapy is a cornerstone of cardiovascular disease risk reduction for people with diabetes mellitus. Past reports have shown race‐sex differences in statin use in general populations, but statin patterns by race and sex in those with diabetes mellitus have not been thoroughly studied.Methods and ResultsOur sample of 4288 adults ≥45 years of age with diagnosed diabetes mellitus who had low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL‐C)>100 mg/dL or were taking statins recruited for the Reasons for Geographic and Racial Differences in Stroke study from 2003 to 2007. Exposures included race‐sex groups (w...
Source: JAHA:Journal of the American Heart Association - May 10, 2017 Category: Cardiology Authors: Gamboa, C. M., Colantonio, L. D., Brown, T. M., Carson, A. P., Safford, M. M. Tags: Lipids and Cholesterol, Diabetes, Type 2, Epidemiology, Race and Ethnicity, Health Services Original Research Source Type: research

Performance of the Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease Pooled Cohort Risk Equations by Social Deprivation Status Epidemiology
BackgroundThe atherosclerosis cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) Pooled Cohort risk equations have shown different calibration across US populations with varied levels of social deprivation.Methods and ResultsWe analyzed the calibration and discrimination of the Pooled Cohort risk equations by social deprivation status among 9066 REGARDS (REasons for Geographic And Racial Differences in Stroke) study participants not taking statins for whom ASCVD risk may lead to statin initiation. Patients were aged 45 to 79 years, had no ASCVD or diabetes mellitus, and had a low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol level 70 to 189 mg/dL. Soci...
Source: JAHA:Journal of the American Heart Association - March 17, 2017 Category: Cardiology Authors: Colantonio, L. D., Richman, J. S., Carson, A. P., Lloyd-Jones, D. M., Howard, G., Deng, L., Howard, V. J., Safford, M. M., Muntner, P., Goff, D. C. Tags: Cardiovascular Disease, Epidemiology, Lifestyle, Primary Prevention, Risk Factors Original Research Source Type: research

Racial-Ethnic Disparities in Acute Stroke Care in the Florida-Puerto Rico Collaboration to Reduce Stroke Disparities Study Epidemiology
We examined race‐ethnic disparities in acute stroke performance metrics in a voluntary stroke registry among Florida and Puerto Rico Get With the Guidelines‐Stroke hospitals.Methods and ResultsSeventy‐five sites in the Florida Puerto Rico Stroke Registry (66 Florida and 9 Puerto Rico) recorded 58 864 ischemic stroke cases (2010–2014). Logistic regression models examined racial‐ethnic differences in acute stroke performance measures and defect‐free care (intravenous tissue plasminogen activator treatment, in‐hospital antithrombotic therapy, deep vein thrombosis prophylaxis, discharge antithrombotic therapy, a...
Source: JAHA:Journal of the American Heart Association - February 14, 2017 Category: Cardiology Authors: Sacco, R. L., Gardener, H., Wang, K., Dong, C., Ciliberti-Vargas, M. A., Gutierrez, C. M., Asdaghi, N., Burgin, W. S., Carrasquillo, O., Garcia-Rivera, E. J., Nobo, U., Oluwole, S., Rose, D. Z., Waters, M. F., Zevallos, J. C., Robichaux, M., Waddy, S. P., Tags: Epidemiology, Race and Ethnicity, Treatment, Cerebrovascular Disease/Stroke Original Research Source Type: research

Impact of Increased Early Statin Administration on Ischemic Stroke Outcomes: A Multicenter Electronic Medical Record Intervention Stroke
We examined the relationship between intervention and outcome using autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) time‐series modeling. The EMR intervention increased both overall in‐hospital statin administration (from 87.2% to 90.7%, P
Source: JAHA:Journal of the American Heart Association - July 28, 2016 Category: Cardiology Authors: Flint, A. C., Conell, C., Klingman, J. G., Rao, V. A., Chan, S. L., Kamel, H., Cullen, S. P., Faigeles, B. S., Sidney, S., Johnston, S. C. Tags: Ischemic Stroke, Neuroprotectants Original Research Source Type: research

Ambient Air Pollution Is Associated With the Severity of Coronary Atherosclerosis and Incident Myocardial Infarction in Patients Undergoing Elective Cardiac Evaluation Epidemiology
Conclusions Exposure to PM2.5 increased the likelihood of having severe coronary artery disease and the risk of incident myocardial infarction among patients undergoing elective cardiac evaluation. These results suggest that ambient air pollution exposure may be a modifiable risk factor for risk of myocardial infarction in a highly susceptible patient population.
Source: JAHA:Journal of the American Heart Association - July 27, 2016 Category: Cardiology Authors: Hartiala, J., Breton, C. V., Tang, W. H. W., Lurmann, F., Hazen, S. L., Gilliland, F. D., Allayee, H. Tags: Epidemiology, Secondary Prevention, Quality and Outcomes, Coronary Artery Disease Source Type: research

Comparative Effectiveness of Generic Atorvastatin and Lipitor(R) in Patients Hospitalized with an Acute Coronary Syndrome Health Services and Outcomes Research
Conclusions Among older adults discharged alive after ACS hospitalization, we found no significant difference in cardiovascular outcomes or serious, infrequent side effects in patients prescribed generic atorvastatin compared with those prescribed Lipitor® at 1 year. Our findings support the use of generic atorvastatin in ACS, which could lead to substantial cost saving for patients and health care plans without diminishing population clinical effectiveness.
Source: JAHA:Journal of the American Heart Association - April 18, 2016 Category: Cardiology Authors: Jackevicius, C. A., Tu, J. V., Krumholz, H. M., Austin, P. C., Ross, J. S., Stukel, T. A., Koh, M., Chong, A., Ko, D. T. Tags: Atrial Fibrillation, Quality and Outcomes Health Services and Outcomes Research Source Type: research

Carotid Atherosclerosis and Cerebral Microbleeds: The Framingham Heart Study Epidemiology
Conclusions Cumulative vascular risk factor exposure may increase the risk of CMB, especially in deep regions. The apparent paradoxical association of carotid intima–media thickness progression with lower risk of CMB may reflect benefits of intensive vascular risk factor treatment among persons with higher cardiovascular risk and deserves further investigation. If replicated, the results may have potential implications for assessment of preventive and therapeutic interventions for subclinical cerebral hemorrhage.
Source: JAHA:Journal of the American Heart Association - March 17, 2016 Category: Cardiology Authors: Romero, J. R., Preis, S. R., Beiser, A., DeCarli, C., D'Agostino, R. B., Wolf, P. A., Vasan, R. S., Polak, J. F., Seshadri, S. Tags: Epidemiology, Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), Ultrasound, Cerebrovascular Disease/Stroke, Atherosclerosis Source Type: research

Implications of the US Cholesterol Guidelines on Eligibility for Statin Therapy in the Community: Comparison of Observed and Predicted Risks in the Framingham Heart Study Offspring Cohort Epidemiology
Conclusions The risk estimator overpredicted ASCVD risk but did so mainly among high-risk participants who would be considered eligible for statin use anyway. Our findings may mitigate concerns regarding the potential impact of miscalibration of the ASCVD estimator in contemporary cohorts.
Source: JAHA:Journal of the American Heart Association - April 17, 2015 Category: Cardiology Authors: Andersson, C., Enserro, D., Larson, M. G., Xanthakis, V., Vasan, R. S. Tags: Epidemiology Source Type: research

Efficacy and Safety of Vorapaxar as Approved for Clinical Use in the United States Coronary Heart Disease
Conclusions In patients with prior MI or PAD who have not had a previous stroke or TIA, vorapaxar added to standard therapy is effective for long-term secondary prevention of thrombotic CV events, while increasing moderate or severe bleeding. Clinical Trial Registration URL: clinicaltrials.gov Unique Identifier: NCT00526474.
Source: JAHA:Journal of the American Heart Association - March 19, 2015 Category: Cardiology Authors: Magnani, G., Bonaca, M. P., Braunwald, E., Dalby, A. J., Fox, K. A. A., Murphy, S. A., Nicolau, J. C., Oude Ophuis, T., Scirica, B. M., Spinar, J., Theroux, P., Morrow, D. A. Tags: Coronary Heart Disease Source Type: research

Adherence to Guideline-Recommended Therapy Is Associated With Decreased Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events and Major Adverse Limb Events Among Patients With Peripheral Arterial Disease Heart Failure
Conclusions In patients with claudication or CLI, combination treatment with four guideline-recommended therapies is associated with significant reductions in MACE, MALE, and mortality.
Source: JAHA:Journal of the American Heart Association - April 10, 2014 Category: Cardiology Authors: Armstrong, E. J., Chen, D. C., Westin, G. G., Singh, S., McCoach, C. E., Bang, H., Yeo, K.-K., Anderson, D., Amsterdam, E. A., Laird, J. R. Tags: Heart Failure Source Type: research