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The effect of transcranial direct current stimulation on motor sequence learning and upper limb function after stroke
Stroke is a leading cause of adult disability and many people are left with impairments and are dependent on others for activities of daily living (Dobkin, 2005; DOH, 2007; Veerbeek et al., 2011). Strategies to improve plasticity and enhance motor learning are needed. One potential approach is to use transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) to enhance the effect of physical therapy.
Source: Clinical Neurophysiology - March 30, 2017 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Melanie K Fleming, John C Rothwell, Laszlo Sztriha, James T Teo, Di J Newham Source Type: research

Timing of motor cortical stimulation during planar robotic training differentially impacts neuroplasticity in older adults
Neurorehabilitation efforts have focused on intense structured interventions to promote neuroplasticity because stroke is a leading cause of long-term disability world-wide. Robotic rehabilitation devices assist massed practice of upper extremity movement at high repetition rates (Lo et al., 2010; Conroy et al., 2011). They can also be used to change the learning environment, e.g., provide assistance or resistance to the motor task or train new mappings for movement to environmental effect (Krebs et al., 1998; Stein et al., 2004; MacClellan et al., 2005).
Source: Clinical Neurophysiology - September 15, 2014 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Crystal L. Massie, Shailesh S. Kantak, Priya Narayanan, George F. Wittenberg Source Type: research

59. Alterations of the electroencephalographic rhythms in children with Sickle Cell disease (SCD): Source analysis with LORETA
Sickle Cell Disease (SCD) is a congenital familial pathology of the haemoglobin and it is classified as the most common genetic disease in the world.Neurological complications are very frequent: symptomatic stroke occurs in 11% of the SCD patients before they reach 20years of age, while 35% of the patients shows silent damages at the RMN with cognitive impairments and learning disabilities. The aim of this study is to verify the hypothesis that a different cerebral maturation between children with SCD and healthy controls exists. This has been achieved with the spectral analysis of electroencephalographic (EEG) rhythms and...
Source: Clinical Neurophysiology - October 21, 2013 Category: Neuroscience Authors: A. Bertoldo, P. Rampazzo, R. Manara, R. Colombatti, L. Sainati, M. Ermani Tags: Society Proceedings Source Type: research

P 181. Impact of offline transcranial direct current stimulation on consolidation of motor sequence learning in healthy elderly subjects
Conclusions: Offline application of anodal tDCS over M1 post training improves consolidation of motor sequence learning in elderly subjects until at least 22h post training. Further studies are needed to investigate the potential benefit of offline-tDCS in motor learning in healthy elderly and stroke patients.
Source: Clinical Neurophysiology - September 19, 2013 Category: Neuroscience Authors: M. Wegscheider, J.-J. Rumpf, C. Fricke, D. Weise, J. Classen Tags: Society Proceedings Source Type: research

P 168. TMS neurophysiology and interventional rTMS in children with perinatal stroke: Safety and tolerability in the PLASTIC CHAMPS trial
Introduction/Question: Perinatal stroke causes hemiplegic cerebral palsy and lifelong disability. TMS can define neurophysiology and central therapeutic targets while rTMS carries therapeutic potential in adult stroke but have not been applied to the more plastic developing brain. Ipsilateral projections from the unlesioned hemisphere to the affected hand are prominent in this population and the effects of non-lesioned inhibitory rTMS are unknown.Methods: PLASTIC CHAMPS is a randomized, blinded, factorial clinical trial of rTMS and constraint therapy (CIMT) to enhance upper extremity function in children (6–18years) with...
Source: Clinical Neurophysiology - September 19, 2013 Category: Neuroscience Authors: T. Rajapakse, O. Kirton, J. Roe, A. Kirton Tags: Society Proceedings Source Type: research

IS 45. Brain stimulation-enhanced therapy for visual neglect
Conclusions: This is the first proof-of-principle demonstration that a single-shot, simple behavioural procedure combined with TDCS can remediate treatment-unresponsive chronic visual neglect. TDCS provoked a positive therapeutic response in patients who did not otherwise respond to the behavioural therapy. By enhancing the consolidation of prism therapy, TDCS increased both the gain and longevity of therapeutic response, yielding large, long-lasting improvements in visual neglect.
Source: Clinical Neurophysiology - September 19, 2013 Category: Neuroscience Authors: J. O’Shea, P. Revol, H. Cousijn, J. Near, C. Stagg, G. Rode, Y. Rossetti Tags: Society Proceedings Source Type: research

P 181. Impact of offline transcranial direct current stimulation on consolidation of motor sequence learning in healthy elderly subjects
Conclusions: Offline application of anodal tDCS over M1 post training improves consolidation of motor sequence learning in elderly subjects until at least 22h post training. Further studies are needed to investigate the potential benefit of offline-tDCS in motor learning in healthy elderly and stroke patients.
Source: Clinical Neurophysiology - September 1, 2013 Category: Neuroscience Authors: M. Wegscheider, J.-J. Rumpf, C. Fricke, D. Weise, J. Classen Tags: Society Proceedings Source Type: research

P 168. TMS neurophysiology and interventional rTMS in children with perinatal stroke: Safety and tolerability in the PLASTIC CHAMPS trial
Introduction/Question: Perinatal stroke causes hemiplegic cerebral palsy and lifelong disability. TMS can define neurophysiology and central therapeutic targets while rTMS carries therapeutic potential in adult stroke but have not been applied to the more plastic developing brain. Ipsilateral projections from the unlesioned hemisphere to the affected hand are prominent in this population and the effects of non-lesioned inhibitory rTMS are unknown.Methods: PLASTIC CHAMPS is a randomized, blinded, factorial clinical trial of rTMS and constraint therapy (CIMT) to enhance upper extremity function in children (6–18years) with...
Source: Clinical Neurophysiology - September 1, 2013 Category: Neuroscience Authors: T. Rajapakse, O. Kirton, J. Roe, A. Kirton Tags: Society Proceedings Source Type: research

IS 45. Brain stimulation-enhanced therapy for visual neglect
Conclusions: This is the first proof-of-principle demonstration that a single-shot, simple behavioural procedure combined with TDCS can remediate treatment-unresponsive chronic visual neglect. TDCS provoked a positive therapeutic response in patients who did not otherwise respond to the behavioural therapy. By enhancing the consolidation of prism therapy, TDCS increased both the gain and longevity of therapeutic response, yielding large, long-lasting improvements in visual neglect.
Source: Clinical Neurophysiology - September 1, 2013 Category: Neuroscience Authors: J. O’Shea, P. Revol, H. Cousijn, J. Near, C. Stagg, G. Rode, Y. Rossetti Tags: Society Proceedings Source Type: research