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Source: Clinical Neurophysiology
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Total 35 results found since Jan 2013.
S3-2. Rewiring of a damaged neural pathway via a neural interface induces targeted reorganization of an extensive cortical area
Regaining the function of an impaired limb is highly desirable in individuals experiencing paralysis. One possible avenue to achieve this goal is through rewiring of preserved neural structures to bridge the interrupted pathway using a brain-computer interface. Here we demonstrated that monkeys with subcortical stroke were able to learn to use an artificial cortico-muscular connection (ACMC), brain-controlled functional electrical stimulation to the hand muscles, to regain volitional control of a paralyzed hand.
Source: Clinical Neurophysiology - April 26, 2018 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Kenji Kato, Masahiro Sawada, Yukio Nishimura Source Type: research
Behavioral and neurophysiological mechanisms underlying motor skill learning in patients with post-stroke hemiparesis
Skilled actions of daily life such as reaching across a busy table to pick a coffee mug are often performed with accurate, yet fast and efficient arm movements. Such complex skilled actions require optimization of speed and accuracy; and rely on efficient planning and execution (Begliomini et al., 2014; Fang et al., 2015; Orban de Xivry et al., 2017; Stewart et al., 2013). Following a neurological insult such as stroke, skilled arm movements are greatly impaired in the paretic (weaker) arm such that task performance is slow, inaccurate and fragmented (Cirstea et al., 2003; Levin, 1996; Liu et al., 2013; Shaikh et al., 2014...
Source: Clinical Neurophysiology - October 25, 2017 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Shailesh Kantak, Robert McGrath, Nazaneen Zahedi, Dustin Luchmee Source Type: research
P 68 Novel control concepts and motor re-learning strategy in neurorehabilitation – practically-oriented approach
Persons suffering from functional impairment, due to cerebral palsy, stroke, or Parkinson ’s, often have not reached their full potential for recovery which often is a reason for injures and loss of life due to fall. Motor skill learning and retention of motor skills can be enhanced if a patient assumes control over practice conditions, e.g. timing of exercise instructions and feedback . In our study, we follow a novel conceptual framework (Despotova and Kiriazov, 2015) for optimal control learning of goal-directed motion tasks, like reaching, standing up and walking.
Source: Clinical Neurophysiology - September 8, 2017 Category: Neuroscience Authors: D. Despotova, P. Kiriazov Tags: Poster Source Type: research
The effect of transcranial direct current stimulation on motor sequence learning and upper limb function after stroke
Stroke is a leading cause of adult disability and many people are left with impairments and are dependent on others for activities of daily living (Dobkin, 2005; DOH, 2007; Veerbeek et al., 2011). Strategies to improve plasticity and enhance motor learning are needed. One potential approach is to use transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) to enhance the effect of physical therapy.
Source: Clinical Neurophysiology - March 30, 2017 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Melanie K Fleming, John C Rothwell, Laszlo Sztriha, James T Teo, Di J Newham Source Type: research
EP 84. Motor control and learning strategy for efficient neurorehabilitation
Parkinson ’s, stroke, and other neurological diseases may significantly affect the control of voluntary, ballistic-like movements that normally are performed automatically and optimally as regards position accuracy, energy expenditure and movement execution time. The control functions (neural signals to mus cles) are to be re-learnt and re-optimised with respect to these performance indices. In our study, a natural approach for efficient motor learning in goal-directed motion tasks, incl. walking is proposed.
Source: Clinical Neurophysiology - August 5, 2016 Category: Neuroscience Authors: D. Despotova, P. Kiriazov Tags: ePoster Presentations – Free Topics Source Type: research
EP 121. Motor sequence learning in patients with limb apraxia – The effects of long-term training
Recent studies show that limb apraxia is often not recognized as a higher motor impairment in patients suffering from a stroke. Because it is adversely affecting every-day life and personal independence, a successful rehabilitation of apraxia is critical for personal well-being (Cappa et al., 2005; Dovern et al., 2012). Yet, evidence of an effective treatment approach with long-lasting effects and generalization to untrained actions is still missing (Binkofski and Klann, 2013; Dovern et al., 2011).
Source: Clinical Neurophysiology - August 5, 2016 Category: Neuroscience Authors: S. Reitze, M. Heister über, A. Karni, C. Gal, J. Doyon, B.R. King, J. Classen, J.- J. Rumpf, G. Buccino, J. Klann, F. Binkofski Source Type: research
What is the optimal task difficulty for reinforcement learning of brain self-regulation?
Neurofeedback and brain-interface technology are being increasingly applied in fields of research aiming to restore upper-limb functionality in stroke survivors. Greater gains are currently being achieved by subacute (Pichiorri et al., 2015) than by chronic patients (Ang et al., 2014). On the basis of the neurophysiological correlates of motor imagery (Kaiser et al., 2011) and motor cortex excitability (Takemi et al., 2013; Kraus et al., 2016a), such as modulation of β-power (15–30Hz), these devices may provide an effective backdoor to the motor system (Sharma 2006; Bauer et al., 2015), particularly when the subject rec...
Source: Clinical Neurophysiology - June 23, 2016 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Robert Bauer, Mathias Vukeli ć, Alireza Gharabaghi Source Type: research
Timing of motor cortical stimulation during planar robotic training differentially impacts neuroplasticity in older adults
Neurorehabilitation efforts have focused on intense structured interventions to promote neuroplasticity because stroke is a leading cause of long-term disability world-wide. Robotic rehabilitation devices assist massed practice of upper extremity movement at high repetition rates (Lo et al., 2010; Conroy et al., 2011). They can also be used to change the learning environment, e.g., provide assistance or resistance to the motor task or train new mappings for movement to environmental effect (Krebs et al., 1998; Stein et al., 2004; MacClellan et al., 2005).
Source: Clinical Neurophysiology - September 15, 2014 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Crystal L. Massie, Shailesh S. Kantak, Priya Narayanan, George F. Wittenberg Source Type: research
Reply to “The effects of functional electrical stimulation on upper extremity function and cortical plasticity in chronic stroke patients”
I appreciate the very important and developed suggestions by Dr. Cecatto for our article (). The proposals on the reasons why EMG-controlled FES (EMG–FES) could shift the brain hemispheric-dominant perfusion in our study provided our study further development and progress. The motor output and corresponding muscle and joint proprioceptive feedback may be tightly coupled and coordinated with movement by EMG–FES. As Dr. Cecatto proposed, these neural reorganisation mechanisms should be explored. The sensory components of large afferent fibre activation, proprioceptive input and increased cognitive sensory attention are a...
Source: Clinical Neurophysiology - February 10, 2014 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Yukihiro Hara Tags: Letters to the Editor Source Type: research
Neurorehabilitation: From sensorimotor adaptation to motor learning, or the opposite?
In a recent editorial, Vasudevan (2014) argued that amplifying movement errors through sensorimotor adaptation can be an interesting way to improve walking post-stroke and more generally to develop new approach in neurorehabilitation. I would like to comment further this idea and to raise some key issues that should be addressed to complete this discussion.
Source: Clinical Neurophysiology - February 5, 2014 Category: Neuroscience Authors: François Bonnetblanc Tags: Letters to the Editor Source Type: research
59. Alterations of the electroencephalographic rhythms in children with Sickle Cell disease (SCD): Source analysis with LORETA
Sickle Cell Disease (SCD) is a congenital familial pathology of the haemoglobin and it is classified as the most common genetic disease in the world.Neurological complications are very frequent: symptomatic stroke occurs in 11% of the SCD patients before they reach 20years of age, while 35% of the patients shows silent damages at the RMN with cognitive impairments and learning disabilities. The aim of this study is to verify the hypothesis that a different cerebral maturation between children with SCD and healthy controls exists. This has been achieved with the spectral analysis of electroencephalographic (EEG) rhythms and...
Source: Clinical Neurophysiology - October 21, 2013 Category: Neuroscience Authors: A. Bertoldo, P. Rampazzo, R. Manara, R. Colombatti, L. Sainati, M. Ermani Tags: Society Proceedings Source Type: research
P 240. Improvement of language functions in a chronic non-fluent post-stroke aphasic patient following sequential bilateral non-invasive neuromodulation by theta burst magnetic stimulation
Conclusions: Described sequential bilateral physiologically balanced TMS modulation of activation of the language related areas of both hemispheres may result in considerable and rather fast language benefits in chronic nfA patients. Whether this approach is better than usual unilateral stimulation requires further studies.
Source: Clinical Neurophysiology - September 19, 2013 Category: Neuroscience Authors: S. Filipovic, V. Stevanovic, I. Avramovic, M. Jelic, I. Avramovic, A. Jeremic, K. Kacar, S. Milanovic, L. Konstantinovic, J. Vuksanovic Tags: Society Proceedings Source Type: research
P 181. Impact of offline transcranial direct current stimulation on consolidation of motor sequence learning in healthy elderly subjects
Conclusions: Offline application of anodal tDCS over M1 post training improves consolidation of motor sequence learning in elderly subjects until at least 22h post training. Further studies are needed to investigate the potential benefit of offline-tDCS in motor learning in healthy elderly and stroke patients.
Source: Clinical Neurophysiology - September 19, 2013 Category: Neuroscience Authors: M. Wegscheider, J.-J. Rumpf, C. Fricke, D. Weise, J. Classen Tags: Society Proceedings Source Type: research
