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Targeted modulation of neural population dynamics to improve movement control
Stroke is a leading cause of motor disability in the world. While brain stimulation to enhance motor function after stroke has shown promise, large clinical trials in human stroke patients have not found consistent benefits. These trials were conducted using open-loop stimulation, where the neural responses to stimulation were not measured. It remains unclear how to precisely tailor brain stimulation to effectively modulate neural dynamics in the motor network in order to improve motor control after stroke.
Source: BRAIN STIMULATION: Basic, Translational, and Clinical Research in Neuromodulation - January 1, 2023 Category: Neurology Authors: Karunesh Ganguly Source Type: research

Novel and non-invasive brain-computer interface-based stimulation device using frequency tuned electromagnetic fields to significantly reduce disability following sub-acute ischemic stroke: A pilot randomized controlled trial
Abstract
Source: BRAIN STIMULATION: Basic, Translational, and Clinical Research in Neuromodulation - November 1, 2021 Category: Neurology Authors: Batsheva Weisinger, Natan M. Bornstein, Esther Shohami, Yaron Segal, Ariela Alter, Assaf Lifshitz, Atul Prasad, Dharam P. Pandey Source Type: research

Proceedings #18: Paradoxal Heightened Ipsilesional Corticospinal Excitability in Mild to Moderate Hemiplegia
Stroke is responsible for one out of every twenty deaths in the world and is a leading cause of serious long-term disabilities. Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is used clinically to measure and evaluate the integrity of the corticospinal pathway via the electromyographic response termed, the Motor Evoked Potential (MEP). The aim is to investigate corticospinal excitability from the affected and unaffected motor cortex in chronic post-stroke hemiparesis. The data used in this project form the baseline collection of a broader interventional study, in first time ischemic stroke patients with residual right hemiparesis...
Source: BRAIN STIMULATION: Basic, Translational, and Clinical Research in Neuromodulation - January 22, 2019 Category: Neurology Authors: Celeste R.S. De Camargo, Mar Cortes, Avrielle Rykman Peltz, Dylan Edwards Source Type: research

Mapping contralesional motor cortex plasticity using robotic transcranial magnetic stimulation in children with perinatal stroke
Introduction: Children with perinatal stroke are disabled by hemiparetic cerebral palsy (HCP). Motor control of the affected limb often resides in the contralesional hemisphere with preserved ipsilateral connections. Intensive therapies improve hand function but predictors are unknown. Individualized maps of the motor cortex (M1) may provide insight but are poorly studied. We aimed to use robotic TMS to characterize contralesional motor maps and their association with hand function in HCP.
Source: BRAIN STIMULATION: Basic, Translational, and Clinical Research in Neuromodulation - January 22, 2019 Category: Neurology Authors: H. Kuo, E. Zewdie, A. Giuffre, A. Kirton Source Type: research

Patient-specific changes in motor network functional connectivity after brain stimulation in perinatal stroke
Introduction: Most hemiparetic cerebral palsy is caused by perinatal stroke resulting in lifelong motor disability. As a focal injury of defined timing in an otherwise healthy brain, perinatal stroke is an ideal human model of developmental neuroplasticity. Evidence shows that intensive rehabilitation paired with non-invasive brain stimulation can improve motor function. However, given large individual variability in plasticity, group statistics may not capture important patient-centred changes.
Source: BRAIN STIMULATION: Basic, Translational, and Clinical Research in Neuromodulation - January 22, 2019 Category: Neurology Authors: H. Carlson, A. Kirton Source Type: research

Deep brain stimulation for stroke: Current uses and future directions
Survivors of stroke often experience significant disability and impaired quality of life related to ongoing maladaptive responses and persistent neurologic deficits. Novel therapeutic options are urgently needed to augment current approaches. One way to promote recovery and ameliorate symptoms may be to electrically stimulate the surviving brain. Various forms of brain stimulation have been investigated for use in stroke, including deep brain stimulation (DBS).
Source: BRAIN STIMULATION: Basic, Translational, and Clinical Research in Neuromodulation - October 11, 2017 Category: Neurology Authors: Gavin J.B. Elias, Andrew A. Namasivayam, Andres M. Lozano Source Type: research

Changes in spectroscopic biomarkers after transcranial direct current stimulation in children with perinatal stroke
Perinatal stroke causes lifelong motor disability, affecting independence and quality of life. Non-invasive neuromodulation interventions such as transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) combined with intensive therapy may improve motor function in adult stroke hemiparesis but is under-explored in children. Measuring cortical metabolites with proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) can inform cortical neurobiology in perinatal stroke but how these change with neuromodulation is yet to be explored.
Source: BRAIN STIMULATION: Basic, Translational, and Clinical Research in Neuromodulation - September 13, 2017 Category: Neurology Authors: Helen L. Carlson, Patrick Ciechanski, Ashley D. Harris, Frank P. MacMaster, Adam Kirton Source Type: research

Non-invasive brain stimulation to enhance stroke recovery – towards patient-tailored strategies
Stroke is the leading cause of serious long-term disability with growing impact on actual and future health economy. The resulting deficits of a stroke, e.g., of the upper extremity or language, have great impact on activities of daily life, social as well as professional.
Source: BRAIN STIMULATION: Basic, Translational, and Clinical Research in Neuromodulation - February 15, 2017 Category: Neurology Authors: F.C. Hummel Source Type: research

Brain stimulation in aphasia rehabilitation: Current state and future projects
Stroke remains the leading cause for severe long-term disability despite all successes in treating or even preventing acute stroke. Persistent language deficits lead not only to impairment in activities of daily living, failure to return to work, and profound personal and family suffering including limited social participation.
Source: BRAIN STIMULATION: Basic, Translational, and Clinical Research in Neuromodulation - February 15, 2017 Category: Neurology Authors: A. Fl öel, R. Darkow, M. Meinzer Source Type: research

Is the contralesional hemisphere a suitable target for noninvasive brain stimulation after stroke?
Stroke is the leading cause of adult disability and there are no treatments that can repair neural damage that results from stroke. Functional recovery for many patients is modest and therefore adjuvants to traditional therapies are urgently required. This talk will revisit the use of non-invasive brain stimulation (NIBS) as a potential adjuvant for stroke rehabilitation, which is well documented in clinical neurophysiological research, but not routinely used in clinical practice. One tenet is that functional restoration may be enhanced using techniques that increase excitability in the hemisphere in which the lesion has o...
Source: BRAIN STIMULATION: Basic, Translational, and Clinical Research in Neuromodulation - January 29, 2015 Category: Neurology Authors: Winston D. Byblow, Cathy M. Stinear Source Type: research

Contralesional transcranial direct-current stimulation in a case of childhood stroke rehabilitation
Transcranial direct-current stimulation (tDCS) may modulate cortical excitability to enhance motor rehabilitation in adult stroke. Contralesional cathodal tDCS effects may reduce excessive interhemispheric inhibition from the non-lesioned hemisphere. Advanced imaging allows investigation of neurophysiological changes accompanying such interventions. tDCS has not been applied to the potentially more plastic brains of children, where stroke often leads to lifelong disability.
Source: BRAIN STIMULATION: Basic, Translational, and Clinical Research in Neuromodulation - March 1, 2014 Category: Neurology Authors: Patrick Ciechanski, Helen Carlson, Omar Damji, Colleen Lane, Adam Kirton Tags: Abstracts Presented at NYC Neuromodulation 2013 Source Type: research

Can enhancing left lateralization using transcranial direct current stimulation improve recovery from post-stroke aphasia?
One third of stroke victims suffer from aphasia, an acquired language disorder for which there are few effective medical treatments. Aphasia often does not resolve completely, resulting in substantial long-term disability. After a stroke that causes aphasia, the reorganization of language networks in the brain involves compensatory recruitment of brain tissue in the left hemisphere as well as potentially maladaptive recruitment of symmetric areas in the right hemisphere. One avenue for intervention might be to externally “left lateralize” the brain, enhancing activity of the left frontal lobe while inhibiting the right...
Source: BRAIN STIMULATION: Basic, Translational, and Clinical Research in Neuromodulation - March 1, 2014 Category: Neurology Authors: Mackenzie Fama, Elizabeth Lacey, Alexa Desko, Lauren Taylor, Laura Hussey, Peter Turkeltaub Tags: Abstracts Presented at NYC Neuromodulation 2013 Source Type: research

Treatment of severe expressive dysphasia with rTMS and language therapy after childhood stroke.
Childhood stroke causes lifelong language disability. Expressive dysphasia accompanies left inferior frontal gyrus (IFG/Broca) injury. Recovery and therapy effects may relate to interhemispheric balance with homologous, contralesional IFG. Inhibiting contralesional IFG with repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) may improve adult stroke dysphasia but is unexplored in children.
Source: BRAIN STIMULATION: Basic, Translational, and Clinical Research in Neuromodulation - March 1, 2014 Category: Neurology Authors: Helen L. Carlson, Aleksandra Mineyko, Omar Damji, Zeanna Zadavji, Rebecca Patzelt, Anya Mazur-Mosiewicz, Adam Kirton Tags: Abstracts Presented at NYC Neuromodulation 2013 Source Type: research