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Personalized functional imaging-guided rTMS on the superior frontal gyrus for post-stroke aphasia: A randomized sham-controlled trial
Aphasia affects approximately one-third of stroke patients and yet its rehabilitation outcomes are often unsatisfactory. More effective strategies are needed to promote recovery.
Source: BRAIN STIMULATION: Basic, Translational, and Clinical Research in Neuromodulation - August 29, 2023 Category: Neurology Authors: Jianxun Ren, Weijing Ren, Ying Zhou, Louisa Dahmani, Xinyu Duan, Xiaoxuan Fu, Yezhe Wang, Ruiqi Pan, Jingdu Zhao, Ping Zhang, Bo Wang, Weiyong Yu, Zhenbo Chen, Xin Zhang, Jian Sun, Mengying Ding, Jianting Huang, Liu Xu, Shiyi Li, Weiwei Wang, Wuxiang Xie, Source Type: research

Neuromodulation for post-stroke aphasia
Abstract
Source: BRAIN STIMULATION: Basic, Translational, and Clinical Research in Neuromodulation - January 1, 2023 Category: Neurology Authors: Argye Hillis Source Type: research

Transcranial alternating current stimulation enhances speech comprehension in chronic post-stroke aphasia patients: A single-blind sham-controlled study
Aphasia is one of the most devastating complications following stroke [1]. Speech and language therapy (SLT) [2] is recommended for post-stroke aphasia (PSA), but the benefits remain limited. Several recent studies have examined the potential efficacy of combining SLT with various forms of non-invasive brain stimulation (NIBS), including transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) and transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS). While tDCS is accepted by clinicians and patients due to low cost and documented safety, it has not proven effective for improving speech comprehension [3].
Source: BRAIN STIMULATION: Basic, Translational, and Clinical Research in Neuromodulation - December 6, 2022 Category: Neurology Authors: Xiaohui Xie, Panpan Hu, Yanghua Tian, Kai Wang, Tongjian Bai Source Type: research

Artificial Grammar Learning with Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS): A Pilot Study
The relationship between attention and learning has been well-established [1], with many studies showing that increased attention can improve learning and decreased attention can be detrimental to learning. Although stroke-induced aphasia is defined as a primary language impairment, many persons with aphasia also have attention deficits [2]. Sustained attention, the ability to maintain attention to a stimulus for an extended period of time, is an important prerequisite for participating in speech and language therapy and has been shown to be impaired in persons with aphasia [2].
Source: BRAIN STIMULATION: Basic, Translational, and Clinical Research in Neuromodulation - July 1, 2019 Category: Neurology Authors: Ellyn A. Riley, Ying Wu Source Type: research

cTBS over contralesional homologue areas deteriorates speech output in isolated Apraxia of Speech after stroke
Apraxia of speech (AOS) is an impairment of motor speech planning/programming, characterized by a combination of phonemic segmental changes and articulatory distortions [1]. AOS is most often accompanied by aphasia, whereas isolated forms may rarely occur after focal damage to the left precentral gyrus [1]. How AOS recovers after brain damage is poorly understood [2]. In particular, it is not known whether recovery of AOS solely depends on the functional reorganisation of perilesional areas [3, 4], or whether it also depends on the compensation through contralesional homologue areas.
Source: BRAIN STIMULATION: Basic, Translational, and Clinical Research in Neuromodulation - March 17, 2019 Category: Neurology Authors: Brigitte C. Kaufmann, Manuela Pastore-Wapp, Maria L übeck, Monica Koenig, Stephan Bohlhalter, Tim Vanbellingen, Dario Cazzoli, Thomas Nyffeler Source Type: research

Abstract #140: BDNF Genotype and tDCS Interaction in Aphasia Therapy
Introduction: Using a double blinded randomized controlled trial, we evaluated the extent to which brain stimulation (anodal transcranial direct current stimulation [A-tDCS]) applied during speech therapy, was a futile adjunctive intervention to improve speech production (naming) in individuals with chronic post-stroke aphasia. This futility design evaluated a null hypothesis of 'A-tDCS results in better treatment outcome than sham tDCS.'
Source: BRAIN STIMULATION: Basic, Translational, and Clinical Research in Neuromodulation - January 22, 2019 Category: Neurology Authors: Julius Fridriksson, Jordan Elm, Brielle C. Stark, Alexandra Basilakos, Chris Rorden, Souvik Sen, Mark George, Leonardo Bonilha Source Type: research

Abstract #113: Individualized Modeling for Subjects with Primary Progressive Aphasia
Introduction: Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) is a non-invasive neuromodulation technique that has shown promise in a multitude of rehabilitation protocols, e.g. motor and speech, as well as cognitive enhancement. However, anatomical variability is known to influence both the intensity and spatial focality of tDCS in healthy subjects and especially in stroke lesioned subjects. Subjects with progressive brain atrophy are potential candidates for many tDCS applications, but few studies have quantified this subject population's anatomical influence on induced cortical electric fields.
Source: BRAIN STIMULATION: Basic, Translational, and Clinical Research in Neuromodulation - January 22, 2019 Category: Neurology Authors: Gozde Unal, Bronte N. Ficek, Kimberly T. Webster, Syed Shahabuddin, Dennis Q. Truong, Marom Bikson, Kyrana Tsapkini Source Type: research

Abstract #7: HD-tDCS to contralesional hemisphere to enhance treatment outcomes in persons with stroke-induced aphasia
Background: Chronic aphasia, or language difficulty persisting beyond one year post-stroke, affects over 2.5 million individuals in the United States. Treatment response varies and language abilities are rarely restored. Intact, connected ipsilesional language areas and improved interhemispheric balance following stroke are consistent predictors of recovery. A promising approach to target these brain dynamics is using high-definition transcranial direct current stimulation (HD-tDCS) to deliver focal cathodal current to right frontal areas in the contralesional hemisphere, combined with efficacious behavioral treatment that...
Source: BRAIN STIMULATION: Basic, Translational, and Clinical Research in Neuromodulation - January 22, 2019 Category: Neurology Authors: J.D. Richardson, S.G.H. Dalton, J.F. Cavanagh, C. Shultz, J. Adams Source Type: research

Effect of different frequencies in repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation for the patients with post-stroke motor aphasia
In this study, we applied low and high frequency rTMS targeting the bilateral hemispheres. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of two types of rTMS for post-stroke motor aphasia.
Source: BRAIN STIMULATION: Basic, Translational, and Clinical Research in Neuromodulation - January 22, 2019 Category: Neurology Authors: R. Awa, H. Tokimura, H. Yamanaka, Y. Tokimura, S. Etoh, K. Todoroki, K. Takasaki, M. Atsuchi, M. Atsuchi Source Type: research

rTMS can improve post-stroke apraxia of speech. A case study
Apraxia of Speech (AoS) is a rare disorder of motor speech planning distinct from both aphasia and dysarthria. It is characterized by inconsistent articulatory errors imposing a trial-and-error approximation to a target word, slow speech rate, segmentation of syllables, sound distortions and substitutions [1]. At difference with aphasia, in fact, in AoS errors are non-linguistic in nature (i.e. they are neither lexical nor morphological) and other language-related abilities (i.e. reading and auditory comprehension and writing) are usually preserved.
Source: BRAIN STIMULATION: Basic, Translational, and Clinical Research in Neuromodulation - December 10, 2018 Category: Neurology Authors: Calogero Malfitano, Elisabetta Banco, Angela Rossetti, Carlotta Casati, Chiara Malloggi, Stefano Scarano, Luigi Tesio Source Type: research

Transcranial direct current stimulation to treat aphasia: Longitudinal analysis of a randomized controlled trial
Post-stroke aphasia is a pervasive language disorder that affects communication and quality of life. Behavioral aphasia therapy is currently standard of care; however, in the chronic phase of recovery (>6 months post stroke), gains are often minimal. A number of studies have suggested that active transcranial direct current stimulation (A-tDCS) may improve treatment outcomes when coupled with behavioral aphasia therapy. However, many of these studies included small sample sizes or only single cases.
Source: BRAIN STIMULATION: Basic, Translational, and Clinical Research in Neuromodulation - September 29, 2018 Category: Neurology Authors: Julius Fridriksson, Alexandra Basilakos, Brielle C. Stark, Chris Rorden, Jordan Elm, Michelle Gottfried, Mark S. George, Souvik Sen, Leonardo Bonilha Source Type: research

The current level of evidence for using transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) to improve naming ability in post-stroke aphasia: a critical review
Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) is a non-invasive neuromodulation tool that can be used to manipulate cortical brain activity to induce measurable behavioral changes. Although there is growing evidence that tDCS combined with behavioural language therapy could boost language recovery in patients with post-stroke aphasia, there is great variability in patient characteristics, treatment protocols, and outcome measures in these studies that poses challenges for analyzing the evidence.
Source: BRAIN STIMULATION: Basic, Translational, and Clinical Research in Neuromodulation - June 18, 2017 Category: Neurology Authors: Mohammed F. ALHarbi, Susan Armijo-Olivo, Esther S. Kim Source Type: research

Transcranial direct current stimulation in primary progressive aphasia: Whom does it help?
Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) has been shown to be a valuable adjunct to speech and language therapy, mainly in stroke rehabilitation and recently in primary progressive aphasia. An intriguing question that has not been addressed is whether different brain pathologies, atrophy patterns and symptoms associated with each variant of PPA have a differential impact on the effectiveness of electrical stimulation. We conducted a randomized sham-controlled, double-blind clinical trial using a within-subjects crossover design and we compared effects of tDCS coupled with oral and written naming therapy vs.
Source: BRAIN STIMULATION: Basic, Translational, and Clinical Research in Neuromodulation - June 18, 2017 Category: Neurology Authors: Kyrana Tsapkini, Kim Webster, Bronte N. Ficek, John Desmond, Chiadi Onyike, Brenda Rapp, Constantine E. Frangakis, Argye E. Hillis Source Type: research

Brain stimulation in aphasia rehabilitation: Current state and future projects
Stroke remains the leading cause for severe long-term disability despite all successes in treating or even preventing acute stroke. Persistent language deficits lead not only to impairment in activities of daily living, failure to return to work, and profound personal and family suffering including limited social participation.
Source: BRAIN STIMULATION: Basic, Translational, and Clinical Research in Neuromodulation - February 15, 2017 Category: Neurology Authors: A. Fl öel, R. Darkow, M. Meinzer Source Type: research

Transcranial direct current stimulation facilitates reading training in participants with post-stroke central alexia
Introduction: Central alexia is an acquired reading disorder co-occurring with a generalised language deficit (aphasia). We tested the effects of anodal transcranial Direct Current Stimulation targeted at the left inferior frontal gyrus applied in conjunction with a reading training App, called iReadMore, designed to improve word reading accuracy.
Source: BRAIN STIMULATION: Basic, Translational, and Clinical Research in Neuromodulation - February 15, 2017 Category: Neurology Authors: S.J. Kerry, Z.V.J. Woodhead, O.M. Aguilar, Y. Ong Hoon, J.S. Hogan, K. Pappa, A.P. Leff, J. Crinion Source Type: research

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