Filtered By:
Source: Pediatric Neurology

This page shows you your search results in order of relevance. This is page number 13.

Order by Relevance | Date

Total 229 results found since Jan 2013.

Cerebral Developmental Venous Anomaly- Preventing stroke in acute sinus thrombosis?
A 14 year old boy with no significant medical history presented with progressively worsening headache for 3 weeks, followed by acute encephalopathy and signs of raised intracranial pressure (ICP) including hypertension and bradycardia. CT head showed a large right transverse/sigmoid sinus thrombus and obstructive hydrocephalus. He underwent an urgent external ventricular drain placement.MRI demonstrated a large right transverse/sigmoid sinus thrombus, large bilateral cerebellar developmental venous anomalies (DVAs) and obstructive hydrocephalus.
Source: Pediatric Neurology - March 31, 2017 Category: Neurology Authors: Ajay Goenka, William Gomes, Jules Beal Tags: Visual Diagnosis Source Type: research

Diffuse Carotid Arteriosclerosis and Stroke in a Patient With Schimke Immuno-osseous Dysplasia
This four-year-old girl with Schimke immuno-osseous dysplasia (SIOD), caused by a loss of function mutation of the SMARCAL1 gene, presented with acute left hemiparesis. Her brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed an acute ischemic infarction in the right hemisphere and narrowing of both internal carotid arteries (Fig 1A-C). She exhibited many features of SIOD: growth retardation, spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia (Fig 2), T-cell deficiency, progressive renal dysfunction, and recurrent nephrotic syndrome in association with hypertension and hyperlipidemia.
Source: Pediatric Neurology - March 22, 2017 Category: Neurology Authors: Debopam Samanta, Raghu Ramakrishnaiah Tags: Visual Diagnosis Source Type: research

Cerebral Developmental Venous Anomaly —Does it Prevent Stroke in Acute Sinus Thrombosis?
This 14-year-old boy developed progressively severe headache for three  weeks followed by acute encephalopathy and signs of increased intracranial pressure with systemic hypertension and bradycardia. Computed tomography head showed a large right transverse/sigmoid sinus thrombus and obstructive hydrocephalus (Figure). He underwent an urgent external ventricular drain placement. Magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated a large right transverse/sigmoid sinus thrombus, large bilateral cerebellar developmental venous anomalies (DVAs), and obstructive hydrocephalus.
Source: Pediatric Neurology - March 31, 2017 Category: Neurology Authors: Ajay Goenka, William Gomes, Jules C. Beal Tags: Visual Diagnosis Source Type: research

Black Toenail Sign in MELAS Syndrome
Mitochondrial encephalopathy with lactic acidosis and stroke-like episodes (MELAS) syndrome is a mitochondrial disorder often causing progressive brain injury that is not confined to large arterial territories. Severe insults ultimately lead to gyral necrosis affecting the cortex and juxtacortical white matter; the neuroimaging correlate is partial gyral signal suppression on T2/FLAIR, resembling black toenails. We aim to characterize the imaging features and natural history of MELAS related gyral necrosis.
Source: Pediatric Neurology - July 11, 2017 Category: Neurology Authors: Matthew T. Whitehead, Michael Wien, Bonmyong Lee, Nancy Bass, Andrea Gropman Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research

Stroke in Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome Kyphoscoliotic Type: Dissection or Vasculitis?
Patients with the kyphoscoliotic type of Ehlers-Danlos syndrome  have an increased risk of vascular complications such as aortic dissection and perforation. Cerebral ischemia has only rarely been documented.
Source: Pediatric Neurology - May 29, 2017 Category: Neurology Authors: Annegret Quade, Martin Wiesmann, Joachim Weis, Ingo Kurth, Houman Jalaie, Marianne Rohrbach, Martin H äusler Tags: Short Communication Source Type: research

Mechanical Thrombectomy in an Infant with Acute Embolic Stroke
A 9-month-old previously healthy male infant was admitted with acute respiratory failure due to parainfluenza infection requiring intubation. On the day after admission, an acute pulmonary hypertension crisis causing cardiovascular collapse led to initiation of venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) with standard therapeutic anticoagulation. The following day, on routine neurologic assessment, the patient was noted to have bilateral fixed and dilated pupils. With decreased rates of sedative and paralytic infusions, he was noted to only move the left side of his body with preserved lower brainstem activity.
Source: Pediatric Neurology - February 15, 2018 Category: Neurology Authors: Lisa R. Sun, Monica Pearl, Mona N. Bahouth, Melisa Carrasco, Katherine Hoops, Jennifer Schuette, Ryan J. Felling Tags: Clinical Letter Source Type: research

Neuroplasticity: the Other Side of the Coin
In neuroscience, neuroplasticity has gained notoriety as a term used to describe the brain's ability to develop new connections following injury, with an implication for functional recovery. From the neonatal brain to an adult stroke survivor, the central nervous system has the remarkable ability to change through experience-dependent plasticity. But what happens when those experiences are negative life experiences, rather that positive? Instead of a brain focused on stimulation and rehabilitation, what happens to the developing nervous system when it is exposed to the neural, biochemical and hormonal effects of overwhelmi...
Source: Pediatric Neurology - March 26, 2018 Category: Neurology Authors: Ria Pal, Jorina Elbers Tags: Perspectives in Pediatric Neurology Source Type: research

Quantitative Apparent Diffusion Coefficient Mapping May Predict Seizure Onset in Children with Sturge-Weber Syndrome
This study aims to identify early pathophysiological changes that exist prior to the development of clinical symptoms and evaluate if the Apparent Diffusion Coefficient (ADC) map is a candidate early biomarker of seizure risk in patients with SWS.
Source: Pediatric Neurology - April 12, 2018 Category: Neurology Authors: Anna L.R. Pinto, Yangming Ou, Mustafa Sahin, P. Ellen Grant Tags: Short Communication Source Type: research

Neuroplasticity: The Other Side of the Coin
Neuroplasticity has gained notoriety as a term used to describe the brain's ability to develop new connections following injury, with an implication for functional recovery. From the neonatal brain to an adult stroke survivor, the central nervous system has the remarkable ability to change through experience-dependent plasticity. But what happens when those experiences are negative life experiences rather than positive? Instead of a brain focused on stimulation and rehabilitation, what happens when the developing nervous system is exposed to the neural, biochemical, and hormonal effects of overwhelming stress such as negle...
Source: Pediatric Neurology - March 26, 2018 Category: Neurology Authors: Ria Pal, Jorina Elbers Tags: Perspectives in Pediatric Neurology Source Type: research

Mechanical Thrombectomy in an Infant With Acute Embolic Stroke
This 9-month-old previously healthy male infant was admitted with acute respiratory failure because of parainfluenza infection, requiring intubation. On the day after admission, an acute pulmonary hypertension crisis caused cardiovascular collapse and led to initiation of venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) with standard therapeutic anticoagulation. The following day, on routine neurological assessment, the patient was noted to have bilateral fixed and dilated pupils. With decreased rates of sedative and paralytic infusions, he was noted to only move the left side of his body with preserved lower brainstem activity.
Source: Pediatric Neurology - February 15, 2018 Category: Neurology Authors: Lisa R. Sun, Monica Pearl, Mona N. Bahouth, Melisa Carrasco, Katherine Hoops, Jennifer Schuette, Ryan J. Felling Tags: Clinical Letter Source Type: research

Cockayne Syndrome Complicated by Moyamoya Vasculopathy and Stroke
A 17-year-old male with Cockayne syndrome type B (heterozygous c.3536delA variation resulting in frame shift pathogenic variant and a compound heterozygous c.2830-2A->G variation resulting in a splicing probable pathogenic variant of the ERCC6 gene) and progressive sensorineural hearing loss requiring cochlear implantation one year prior presented after a one hour episode of transient right-sided weakness with decreased responsiveness. He had a similar episode one week prior. His examination was consistent with the stigmata of Cockayne syndrome —progeroid facies, microcephaly, cachectic dwarfism weighing 9.8kg, diffuse h...
Source: Pediatric Neurology - May 18, 2018 Category: Neurology Authors: Robert C. Stowe, Andres Jimenez-Gomez, Alfred Balasa, Gary D. Clark Tags: Clinical Letter Source Type: research

Bizarre beading in a child with stroke
None
Source: Pediatric Neurology - July 3, 2018 Category: Neurology Authors: Nupur Parakh, Vinit Baliyan, Puneet Jain, Suvasini Sharma, Atin Kumar Tags: Visual Diagnosis Source Type: research

“Black Toenail” sign
A 11-year-old boy with genetically confirmed MELAS (mitochondrial encephalopathy, lactic acidosis, and stroke-like episodes syndrome with mutation at mt.3243A>G) presented with extreme fatigue. He had elevated lactic acid of 5.2 mmol/L upon presentation. His magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan of the brain showed progression of multifocal gyral necrosis and cerebral atrophy compared to the images done 3 years prior to presentation (Fig. 1). He was discharged soon after his fatigue resolved in response to supportive therapy.
Source: Pediatric Neurology - September 20, 2018 Category: Neurology Authors: Norimitsu Kuwabara, Namrata Shah Source Type: research

Short Takes
Regional oxygen extraction predicts border zone vulnerability to stroke in sickle cell disease. Neurology 2018;90:e1134-e1142. doi:10.1212/WNL.0000000000005194 Fields ME, Guilliams KP, Ragan DK, et al.
Source: Pediatric Neurology - October 11, 2018 Category: Neurology Authors: Steven G. Pavlakis Source Type: research