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Source: Neurology
Condition: Disability

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Total 221 results found since Jan 2013.

Seizures and Epilepsy after Stroke: Resources and Costs Assessment (P03.118)
CONCLUSIONS: Seizures after stroke substantially increase direct costs and resource consumption. They contribute to poor prognosis of stroke and increases mortality.Disclosure: Dr. Guekht has nothing to disclose. Dr. Mizinova has nothing to disclose. Dr. Ershov has nothing to disclose. Dr. Guz has nothing to disclose. Dr. Kaimovsky has nothing to disclose. Dr. Shpak has nothing to disclose.
Source: Neurology - February 14, 2013 Category: Neurology Authors: Guekht, A., Mizinova, M., Ershov, A., Guz, D., Kaimovsky, I., Shpak, A. Tags: P03 Epilepsy: Resources, Quality Measures, and Epidemiology Source Type: research

Quantitative Assessment of Corticospinal Tract Injury on Diffusion Tensor Imaging Correlates with Motor Outcome after Ischemic Stroke (P03.163)
CONCLUSIONS: The degree of CST involvement by ischemic stroke on DTT strongly correlates with the degree of motor impairment at each phase of ischemic stroke. The baseline FN predicts motor outcome. DTI-derived CST assessment could become a surrogate marker of motor impairment in the design of future restorative clinical trials.Supported by: 1) NIH-NINDS Grant R01 NS70922, 2) Mort and Brigitte Harris Stroke Fund.Disclosure: Dr. Maraka has nothing to disclose. Dr. Jiang has nothing to disclose. Dr. Jafari-Khouzani has nothing to disclose. Dr. Hamidian has nothing to disclose. Dr. Li has nothing to disclose. Dr. Malik has no...
Source: Neurology - February 14, 2013 Category: Neurology Authors: Maraka, S., Jiang, Q., Jafari-Khouzani, K., Hamidian, N., Li, L., Malik, S., Zhang, T., Lu, M., Soltanian-Zadeh, H., Mitsias, P. Tags: P03 Cerebrovascular Disease III Source Type: research

The Prevalence of Incidental Findings on Magnetic Resonance Imaging Studies in Multiple Sclerosis Patients (P03.210)
CONCLUSIONS: Given the frequency of MRI brain incidental abnormalities in our study cohort amongst our study participants, we suspect such findings are common. Improved patient enrolment and relationships are likely to stem from a transparent approach to these unexpected results.Supported by: The MS Society of Canada.Disclosure: Dr. Trufyn has nothing to disclose. Dr. Costello has received personal compensation for activities with Serono, Roche Diagnostics Corporation, and Celgene. Dr. Hill has received personal compensation for activities with Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc. and Pfizer Inc as a participant on t...
Source: Neurology - February 14, 2013 Category: Neurology Authors: Trufyn, J., Costello, F., Hill, M., Burton, J., Goyal, M., Mah, J., Davenport, J., Lautner, D., Modi, J., Scott, J. Tags: P03 Multiple Sclerosis: Cost and Impact of MS Care Source Type: research

A systematic evaluation of stroke surveillance studies in low- and middle-income countries
Conclusions: Systematic evaluation of all available primary surveillance studies, particularly in the context of WHO STEPS guidelines, indicates inadequate adherence to standardized surveillance methodology in LMI countries. Incorporation of standardized approaches is essential to enhance generalizability and estimate stroke burden accurately in these resource-poor settings.
Source: Neurology - February 11, 2013 Category: Neurology Authors: Sajjad, A., Chowdhury, R., Felix, J. F., Ikram, M. A., Mendis, S., Tiemeier, H., Mant, J., Franco, O. H. Tags: All Cerebrovascular disease/Stroke, All epidemiology, Screening in epidemiology VIEWS & amp;amp; REVIEWS Source Type: research

Shoulder taping reduces injury and pain in stroke patients: Randomized controlled trial
Conclusions: Although there was a trend toward pain reduction and functional improvement associated with shoulder taping for 2 weeks after acute stage of stroke, this did not reach statistical significance. The long-term effects of taping need to be studied in large trials. Classification of evidence: This study provided Class III evidence that tri-pull shoulder taping was ineffective in significantly reducing shoulder pain in patients with acute stoke.
Source: Neurology - February 4, 2013 Category: Neurology Authors: Pandian, J. D., Kaur, P., Arora, R., Vishwambaran, D. K., Toor, G., Mathangi, S., Vijaya, P., Uppal, A., Kaur, T., Arima, H. Tags: All Cerebrovascular disease/Stroke, Clinical trials Randomized controlled (CONSORT agreement), All Pain, Class III ARTICLE Source Type: research

Fatigue and fatigability in neurologic illnesses: Proposal for a unified taxonomy
Fatigue is commonly reported in many neurologic illnesses, including multiple sclerosis, Parkinson disease, myasthenia gravis, traumatic brain injury, and stroke. Fatigue contributes substantially to decrements in quality of life and disability in these illnesses. Despite the clear impact of fatigue as a disabling symptom, our understanding of fatigue pathophysiology is limited and current treatment options rarely lead to meaningful improvements in fatigue. Progress continues to be hampered by issues related to terminology and assessment. In this article, we propose a unified taxonomy and a novel assessment approach to add...
Source: Neurology - January 21, 2013 Category: Neurology Authors: Kluger, B. M., Krupp, L. B., Enoka, R. M. Tags: All Clinical Neurology, Parkinson's disease/Parkinsonism, All Cerebrovascular disease/Stroke, Multiple sclerosis VIEWS & amp;amp; REVIEWS Source Type: research

Poststroke spasticity: Treating to the disability
People who have strokes are subject to numerous potentially devastating sequelae, most often sensorimotor paresis, impairment of cognition and language, and other functional disabilities, including depression and dementia. Of these sequelae, spasticity occurring with motor dysfunction is a frequent finding that has to be evaluated in light of other diagnoses, such as central paresis, ataxia, pathologic stance or gait, and other coordination dysfunctions. Often, spasticity is not notably present in acute ischemic strokes but develops later on, and may then become a major obstacle for achieving independence in performance of...
Source: Neurology - January 14, 2013 Category: Neurology Authors: Brainin, M. Tags: INTRODUCTION Source Type: research

The global burden of stroke and need for a continuum of care
Until 4 decades ago, the rates of stroke in low- and middle-income countries were considerably lower than those in more economically robust countries. In the intervening years, however, the rates of stroke in places such as southern India and rural South Africa have approximately doubled, whereas stroke rates in more economically developed nations have decreased. What is far more striking is that rates of disability and mortality arising from stroke are at least 10 times greater in medically underserved regions of the world compared with the most developed nations. The causes of these disparities are clear: above all, ther...
Source: Neurology - January 14, 2013 Category: Neurology Authors: Norrving, B., Kissela, B. Tags: ARTICLE Source Type: research

Toward an epidemiology of poststroke spasticity
Poststroke spasticity (PSS)-related disability is emerging as a significant health issue for stroke survivors. There is a need for predictors and early identification of PSS in order to minimize complications and maladaptation from spasticity. Reviewing the literature on stroke and upper motor neuron syndrome, spasticity, contracture, and increased muscle tone measured with the Modified Ashworth Scale and the Tone Assessment Scale provided data on the dynamic time course of PSS. Prevalence estimates of PSS were highly variable, ranging from 4% to 42.6%, with the prevalence of disabling spasticity ranging from 2% to 13%. Da...
Source: Neurology - January 14, 2013 Category: Neurology Authors: Wissel, J., Manack, A., Brainin, M. Tags: ARTICLE Source Type: research

Pathophysiology of spasticity in stroke
Spasticity is defined clinically by increased muscle tone and tendon jerk hyperreflexia in patients who are at rest. However, the excitability of spinal circuits changes during movement, and this definition provides no insight into the extent to which spasticity and associated motor disturbances cause disability. Only a few spinal circuits have been shown to underlie the abnormalities of patients at rest. Movement can be restrained by pathologically enhanced muscle tone, and there is defective control of the feedback to active motoneurons through virtually all spinal reflex pathways. Spasticity does not necessarily require...
Source: Neurology - January 14, 2013 Category: Neurology Authors: Burke, D., Wissel, J., Donnan, G. A. Tags: ARTICLE Source Type: research

Poststroke spasticity: Sequelae and burden on stroke survivors and caregivers
Among the estimated 20% to 40% of stroke survivors who develop spasticity, the burden of this condition on patients, caregivers, and society is substantial. Stroke survivors with spasticity may experience reductions in their ability to perform activities of daily living and in their health-related quality of life. The occurrence of spasticity in stroke survivors may also result in an increased burden on their caregivers, who exhibit poorer physical and emotional health as compared with the general population. The responsibilities that caregivers have to the stroke survivor—in terms of providing medical care, protecti...
Source: Neurology - January 14, 2013 Category: Neurology Authors: Zorowitz, R. D., Gillard, P. J., Brainin, M. Tags: ARTICLE Source Type: research