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Recruiting Patients With Stroke Into Cell Therapy Trials
This review examines ethical issues surrounding the recruitment of patients with stroke into cell therapy studies.
Source: JAMA Neurology - July 18, 2016 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Stent Retrievers for Treating Anterior Circulation Acute Ischemic Stroke
To the Editor Touma et al reported a comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis of 5 randomized clinical trials evaluating the benefits and risks of stent retrievers in addition to recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rtPA) for the treatment of acute ischemic stroke (AIS). The main conclusion of the study was that “the use of stent retrievers in conjunction with rtPA vs rtPA alone is associated with significant improvement of functional independence 90 days after AIS.” However, as pointed out by the authors, all studies included in their meta-analysis selected only patients with anterior circulation acute i...
Source: JAMA Neurology - July 5, 2016 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Instrument for Predicting Early Stroke Recurrence
To the Editor The Recurrence Risk Estimator has been put forward as a web-based prognostic score that integrates clinical and imaging information available in the acute setting to quantify early risk for recurrence of stroke. The validity of a prognostic score was examined in a multicenter study by Arsava et al, which aptly assessed the external validity and transferability of the Recurrence Risk Estimator. We would like to put forward the following fallacies we noted in this study.
Source: JAMA Neurology - June 27, 2016 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Proton Pump Inhibitors and Dementia Incidence
To the Editor I read with interest the article by Gomm and colleagues, which examined the association between the use of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) and incident dementia in elderly individuals in a prospective study. The authors adopted time-dependent Cox regression analysis, and the time-dependent covariates were polypharmacy and the comorbidities of depression, diabetes, ischemic heart disease, and stroke. Age and sex were also used as confounding factors. The hazard ratio of PPIs for incident dementia was 1.44 (95% CI, 1.36-1.52), and the authors recommended randomized clinical trials to confirm the causal associatio...
Source: JAMA Neurology - June 20, 2016 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Dementia After Intracerebral Hemorrhage
As acute management of intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) has improved, more patients survive ICH but are left with significant deficits. In the past, primary evaluations of outcomes after ICH have focused on mortality and levels of functional dependence, with a relatively modest number of patients experiencing true functional independence after ICH or returning to their previous level of functioning. Cognitive outcomes after ICH have thus not been a primary focus of either treatment or natural history studies of ICH, despite their known importance after ischemic stroke and their importance in predicting return to previous functioning.
Source: JAMA Neurology - June 13, 2016 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Cerebral Microbleeds, Cognition and Therapeutic Implications
A recent major clinical advance in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain is the development of paramagnetic-sensitive sequences such as T2-weighted gradient-recalled echo and susceptibility-weighted images for the detection of cerebral microbleeds (CMBs). On brain MRI, CMBs are small (≤5 to 10 mm in diameter), round, dark-signaled lesions that consist of extravasation of blood components through fragile microvascular walls that neuropathologically represent hemosiderin-laden macrophages. Magnetic resonance imaging–detected CMBs are common in elderly individuals, coexist with ischemic stroke and intracerebral he...
Source: JAMA Neurology - June 6, 2016 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Vital Sign and Glucose Abnormalities and Outcome in Childhood Stroke
Childhood stroke studies often cite differences in risk factors between adult and pediatric patients, namely that traditional adult stroke risk factors, such as hypertension and hyperglycemia, are not common causes of childhood stroke. In a study of 83 children from the United Kingdom, only 8 children (10%) with available blood pressure data at admission were classified as having hypertension. The authors stated that this could be an overestimate because follow-up blood pressure data were not available, but they acknowledged that elevated blood pressure could be important in some children. In a multinational cohort of 676 ...
Source: JAMA Neurology - May 23, 2016 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Blood Pressure, Blood Glucose, and Temperature After Childhood Stroke
This cohort study aims to determine the prevalence of abnormal blood pressure, blood glucose levels, and temperature in pediatric patients with acute arterial ischemic stroke and to explore any association between these measures and neurological outcome.
Source: JAMA Neurology - May 23, 2016 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Factors Affecting Preventability of Stroke
To the Editor Fisher and colleagues conducted an evaluation of factors affecting the preventability of stroke, with special reference to treatment and comorbidity. Preventability of the presenting stroke was scored and univariate analysis was selected for the limited number of patients. I have some queries on their study approach.
Source: JAMA Neurology - May 2, 2016 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Imaging and Recurrent Cerebrovascular Events in Patients After Stroke
This cohort study seeks to determine predictors of early recurrent cerebrovascular events among patients with transient ischemic attacks and minor strokes and National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale scores of 0 to 3.
Source: JAMA Neurology - March 21, 2016 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Obesity, Oral Contraceptive Use, and Cerebral Venous Thrombosis
Cerebral venous thrombosis (CVT) is an uncommon cause of stroke that primarily affects young adults. A unique risk factor profile and plurality of presenting features make it an elusive diagnosis unless a high index of suspicion is maintained. It comprises approximately 0.5% to 1% of all strokes, and widespread availability of magnetic resonance imaging has made recognition easier. The International Study on Cerebral Vein and Dural Sinus Thrombosis is the largest prospective, multinational, observational study of patients with CVT to date, including 624 consecutive patients with symptomatic CVT at 89 centers between May ...
Source: JAMA Neurology - March 15, 2016 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

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