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Source: Journal of the American College of Cardiology
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Total 269 results found since Jan 2013.
Carotid Revascularization Before Open Heart Surgery: The Data-Driven Treatment Strategy∗
Optimal management of high-grade obstructive carotid artery disease at the time of open heart surgery (OHS) has never been addressed in a randomized clinical trial. Data suggest that the combined approach of carotid endarterectomy (CEA) and OHS leads to a higher risk of procedural stroke , and, therefore, staged carotid revascularization by CEA or carotid artery stenting (CAS) is often performed before OHS. Does the staged approach lead to an overall reduction in the rate of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE = death, myocardial infarction, and stroke) for patients with concomitant coronary and cerebrovascular di...
Source: Journal of the American College of Cardiology - August 2, 2013 Category: Cardiology Authors: Ehtisham Mahmud, Ryan Reeves Tags: Coronary Artery Disease: Editorial Comment Source Type: research
The Year in Atherothrombosis
A number of studies have addressed the prevalence and significance of cardiovascular disease (CVD) worldwide. According to the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010, age-standardized death rates for CVD decreased by approximately 20% in the last 2 decades, but coronary heart disease (CHD) and stroke constitute the 2 leading causes of death in the world due to respective 35% and 26% increases in crude mortality () . Furthermore, when combining years of life lost and years lived with disability, CHD and stroke rank first and third, respectively . Amongst risk factors, arterial hypertension was identified as the main source of ...
Source: Journal of the American College of Cardiology - August 2, 2013 Category: Cardiology Authors: Javier Sanz, Pedro R. Moreno, Valentin Fuster Tags: YEAR IN CARDIOLOGY SERIES Source Type: research
Long-Term Cardiovascular Risk in Women Prescribed Fertility Therapy
Objectives: The purpose of the study was to investigate whether fertility therapy might contribute to subsequent cardiovascular disease.Background: Fertility medications are used for 1% of births yet may also lead to endothelial injury with long-term adverse consequences for the mother.Methods: A population-based cohort analysis was performed of women who gave birth in Ontario, Canada, between July 1, 1993, and March 31, 2010, distinguishing those who did and did not receive fertility therapy in the 2 years before delivery. Cox proportional models were derived to estimate hazard ratios with and without adjustment for basel...
Source: Journal of the American College of Cardiology - August 2, 2013 Category: Cardiology Authors: Jacob A. Udell, Hong Lu, Donald A. Redelmeier Tags: Pregnancy and Heart Disease Source Type: research
Relationship of Lipoproteins to Cardiovascular Events: The AIM-HIGH Trial (Atherothrombosis Intervention in Metabolic Syndrome With Low HDL/High Triglycerides and Impact on Global Health Outcomes)
This study sought to examine the relationship between niacin treatment, lipoproteins, and cardiovascular (CV) outcomes in this secondary analysis of the AIM-HIGH (Atherothrombosis Intervention in Metabolic Syndrome With Low HDL/High Triglycerides and Impact on Global Health Outcomes) trial.Background: During a 3-year follow-up in 3,414 patients with established CV disease and low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels, combined niacin + low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C)–lowering therapy did not reduce CV events compared with LDL-C–lowering therapy alone.Methods: Subjects taking simvastatin and/o...
Source: Journal of the American College of Cardiology - August 2, 2013 Category: Cardiology Authors: John R. Guyton, April E. Slee, Todd Anderson, Jerome L. Fleg, Ronald B. Goldberg, Moti L. Kashyap, Santica M. Marcovina, Stephen D. Nash, Kevin D. O'Brien, William S. Weintraub, Ping Xu, Xue-Qiao Zhao, William E. Boden Tags: Cardiometabolic Risk Source Type: research
Interventional Cryoablation Therapy of Paroxysmal Atrial Fibrillation in Young Patients With Low CHADS2 Score: Worth the Risk of Periprocedural and Long-Term Adverse Events?
In this study the long-term effectiveness in the cryoablation group was reported as 69.9% after 12 months, with a mean fluoroscopy exposure time of 63 min. Regarding the adverse events during follow-up, only 1 adverse event (1.2%) occurred in the drug therapy arm (transfusion because of hemorrhage) compared with 32 adverse events (14.2%) in the cryoablation group, not regarding the 24 patients who suffered temporary phrenic nerve palsy. Five strokes, 4 transient ischemic attacks, 2 cases of tamponades, 2 myocardial infarctions, 3 transfusions, 2 atriovenous fistulas, 2 pseudoaneurysms, 4 cases of persistent phrenic nerve...
Source: Journal of the American College of Cardiology - July 26, 2013 Category: Cardiology Authors: Silke D. Braun Tags: Letters to the Editor Source Type: research
Invasive Hemodynamic Assessment of “Paradoxical” Low-Flow Severe Aortic Stenosis
We read with interest the paper by Lauten et al. discussing the invasive hemodynamic characteristics of low-gradient, severe aortic stenosis (AS) despite preserved ejection fraction. The authors' main finding was that low-gradient, severe AS despite preserved ejection fraction was not merely the result of a systematic bias in the echocardiographic calculation of the aortic valve area (AVA) as a result of measurement error and so forth, but was in fact a real entity as confirmed by invasively derived hemodynamic data using both the thermodilution and the oxygen consumption methods for stroke volume, cardiac output, and AVA...
Source: Journal of the American College of Cardiology - July 26, 2013 Category: Cardiology Authors: Crochan J. O'Sullivan, Stefan Stortecky, Peter Wenaweser Tags: Letters to the Editor Source Type: research
Higher N-Terminal Pro–B-Type Natriuretic Peptide May Be Related to Very Different Conditions
We read the paper by Hijazi et al. with interest. The authors investigated the incremental value of measuring N-terminal pro–B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) levels in addition to established risk factors (including the CHA2DS2VASc [heart failure, hypertension, age 75 years and older, diabetes, and previous stroke or transient ischemic attack, vascular disease, age 65 to 74 years, sex category (female sex, respectively)] score) for the prediction of cardiovascular and bleeding events. They concluded that NT-proBNP levels are often elevated in atrial fibrillation (AF) and independently associated with an increased ...
Source: Journal of the American College of Cardiology - July 26, 2013 Category: Cardiology Authors: Sevket Balta, Sait Demirkol, Mehmet Aydogan, Turgay Celik Tags: Letters to the Editor Source Type: research
Reply: Higher N-Terminal Pro–B-Type Natriuretic Peptide May Be Related to Very Different Conditions
We thank Dr. Balta and colleagues for their comments on our article concerning the use of N-terminal pro B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) for atrial fibrillation (AF) in the ARISTOTLE (Apixaban for the Prevention of Stroke in Subjects With Atrial Fibrillation) trial . Of the 18,201 patients with AF in the ARISTOTLE trial, 14,892 comprised the population in whom baseline NT-proBNP plasma samples were analyzed. The results showed that NT-proBNP was strongly and independently related to stroke, cardiovascular events, and mortality.
Source: Journal of the American College of Cardiology - July 26, 2013 Category: Cardiology Authors: Ziad Hijazi, Christopher B. Granger, Lars Wallentin Tags: Letters to the Editor Source Type: research
A Direct Comparison of Early and Late Outcomes With Three Approaches to Carotid Revascularization and Open Heart Surgery
Conclusions: Staged CAS-OHS and combined CEA-OHS are associated with a similar risk of death, stroke, or MI in the short term, with both being better than staged CEA-OHS. However, the outcomes significantly favor staged CAS-OHS after the first year.
Source: Journal of the American College of Cardiology - July 22, 2013 Category: Cardiology Authors: Mehdi H. Shishehbor, Sridhar Venkatachalam, Zhiyuan Sun, Jeevanantham Rajeswaran, Samir R. Kapadia, Christopher Bajzer, Heather L. Gornik, Bruce H. Gray, John R. Bartholomew, Daniel G. Clair, Joseph F. Sabik, Eugene H. Blackstone Tags: Coronary Artery Disease Source Type: research
Effects of Habitual Coffee Consumption on Cardiometabolic Disease, Cardiovascular Health, and All-Cause Mortality
Coffee, after water, is the most widely consumed beverage in the United States, and is the principal source of caffeine intake among adults. The biological effects of coffee may be substantial and are not limited to the actions of caffeine. Coffee is a complex beverage containing hundreds of biologically active compounds, and the health effects of chronic coffee intake are wide ranging. From a cardiovascular (CV) standpoint, coffee consumption may reduce the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus and hypertension, as well as other conditions associated with CV risk such as obesity and depression; but it may adversely affect lipi...
Source: Journal of the American College of Cardiology - July 19, 2013 Category: Cardiology Authors: James H. O'Keefe, Salman K. Bhatti, Harshal R. Patil, James J. DiNicolantonio, Sean C. Lucan, Carl J. Lavie Tags: STATE-OF-THE-ART PAPER Source Type: research
Prevalence of Silent Cerebral Ischemia in Paroxysmal and Persistent Atrial Fibrillation and Correlation With Cognitive Function
Objectives: The aim of this study was to compare the prevalence of silent cerebral ischemia (SCI) and cognitive performance in patients with paroxysmal and persistent atrial fibrillation (AF) and controls in sinus rhythm.Background: Large registries have reported a similar risk for symptomatic stroke in both paroxysmal and persistent AF. The relationship among paroxysmal and persistent AF, SCI, and cognitive impairment has remained uncharted.Methods: Two hundred seventy subjects were enrolled: 180 patients with AF (50% paroxysmal and 50% persistent) and 90 controls. All subjects underwent clinical assessment, neurologic...
Source: Journal of the American College of Cardiology - July 12, 2013 Category: Cardiology Authors: Fiorenzo Gaita, Laura Corsinovi, Matteo Anselmino, Cristina Raimondo, Martina Pianelli, Elisabetta Toso, Laura Bergamasco, Carlo Boffano, Maria Consuelo Valentini, Federico Cesarani, Marco Scaglione Tags: Heart Rhythm Disorders Source Type: research
Atrial Fibrillation, Silent Cerebral Ischemia, and Cognitive Function∗
In this issue of the Journal, Gaita et al. report findings from 270 patients, of whom 180 had atrial fibrillation and 90 with similar demographic and clinical characteristics did not have atrial fibrillation. All were free of clinical stroke at the time of the study, and all underwent brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Silent cerebral ischemia (SCI) was defined as a focal, sharply demarcated area on MRI of hyperintensity on T2-weighted fluid-attenuated inversion recovery or isointensity on T1-weighted imaging. The numbers of SCI lesions, and the areas of the brain in which they were observed, were determined. A st...
Source: Journal of the American College of Cardiology - July 12, 2013 Category: Cardiology Authors: Steven Shea, Marco Di Tullio Tags: Heart Rhythm Disorders: Editorial Comment Source Type: research
Thromboembolic Complications After Cardioversion of Acute Atrial Fibrillation: The FinCV (Finnish CardioVersion) Study
This study sought to explore the incidence and risk factors of thromboembolic complications after cardioversion of acute atrial fibrillation.Background: Anticoagulation therapy is currently recommended after cardioversion of acute atrial fibrillation in patients with risk factors for stroke, but the implementation of these new consensus-based guidelines has been slow.Methods: A total of 7,660 cardioversions were performed in 3,143 consecutive patients with atrial fibrillation lasting
Source: Journal of the American College of Cardiology - July 12, 2013 Category: Cardiology Authors: K. E. Juhani Airaksinen, Toni Grönberg, Ilpo Nuotio, Marko Nikkinen, Antti Ylitalo, Fausto Biancari, Juha E.K. Hartikainen Tags: Heart Rhythm Disorders Source Type: research
Prevalence and Trends of Metabolic Syndrome in the Adult U.S. Population, 1999–2010
This study sought to characterize the prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS), its 5 components, and their pharmacological treatment in U.S. adults by sex and race/ethnicity over time.Background: MetS is a constellation of clinical risk factors for cardiovascular disease, stroke, kidney disease, and type 2 diabetes mellitus.Methods: Prevalence estimates were estimated in adults (≥20 years of age) from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) from 1999 to 2010 (in 2-year survey waves). The biological thresholds, defined by the 2009 Joint Scientific Statement, were: 1) waist circumference ≥102 c...
Source: Journal of the American College of Cardiology - July 1, 2013 Category: Cardiology Authors: Hiram Beltrán-Sánchez, Michael O. Harhay, Meera M. Harhay, Sean McElligott Tags: Metabolic Syndrome Source Type: research
