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Regulation of endothelial function by cigarette smoke and next-generation tobacco and nicotine products
Pflugers Arch. 2023 Jun 7. doi: 10.1007/s00424-023-02824-w. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTCigarette smoking is the most important avoidable cardiovascular risk factor. It causes endothelial dysfunction and atherosclerosis and increases the risk of its severe clinical complications like coronary artery disease, myocardial infarction, stroke, and peripheral artery disease. Several next-generation tobacco and nicotine products have been developed to decrease some of the deleterious effects of regular tobacco smoking. This review article summarizes recent findings about the impact of cigarette smoking and next-generation tobac...
Source: Pflugers Archiv : European Journal of Physiology - June 7, 2023 Category: Physiology Authors: Justus Klein Patrick Diaba-Nuhoho Sindy Giebe Coy Brunssen Henning Morawietz Source Type: research

Pathogenesis of (smoking-related) non-communicable diseases —Evidence for a common underlying pathophysiological pattern
Non-communicable diseases, like diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, cancer, stroke, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, osteoporosis, arthritis, Alzheimer’s disease and other more are a leading cause of death in almost all countries. Lifestyle factors, especially poor diet and tobacco consumption, are considered to be the most important influencing factors in the development of these diseases. The Western diet has been shown to cause a significant distortion of normal physiology, characterized by dysregulation of the sympathetic nervous system, renin-angiotensin aldosterone system, and immune system, as well as disrupt...
Source: Frontiers in Physiology - December 15, 2022 Category: Physiology Source Type: research

Chronic nicotine exposure exacerbates transient focal cerebral ischemia-induced brain injury
Tobacco smoking is a risk factor contributing to the development and progression of ischemic stroke. Among many chemicals in tobacco, nicotine may be a key contributor. We hypothesized that nicotine alters the balance between oxidant and antioxidant networks leading to an increase in brain injury following transient focal cerebral ischemia. Male Sprague-Dawley were treated with nicotine (2 or 4 mg·kg–1·day–1) for 4 wk via an implanted subcutaneous osmotic minipump and subjected to a 2-h middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO). Infarct size and neurological deficits were evaluated at 24 h of reperf...
Source: Journal of Applied Physiology - February 1, 2016 Category: Physiology Authors: Li, C., Sun, H., Arrick, D. M., Mayhan, W. G. Tags: ARTICLES Source Type: research