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Thioredoxin 1 regulates the pentose phosphate pathway via ATM phosphorylation after experimental subarachnoid hemorrhage in rats
Brain Res Bull. 2022 May 16;185:162-173. doi: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2022.05.008. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTSubarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), a type of hemorrhagic stroke, is a neurological emergency with high morbidity and mortality. Early brain injury (EBI) after SAH is the leading cause of poor prognosis in SAH patients. TRX system is a NADPH-dependent antioxidant system which is composed of thioredoxin reductase (TRXR), thioredoxin (TRX). The pentose phosphate pathway (PPP), a pathway through which glucose can be metabolized, is a major source of NADPH. Thioredoxin 1 (TRX1) is a member of thioredoxin system mainly loc...
Source: Brain Research Bulletin - May 19, 2022 Category: Neurology Authors: Xiaodong Wang Zongqi Wang Jie Wu Lingling Wang Xiang Li Haitao Shen Haiying Li Jianguo Xu Wen Li Gang Chen Source Type: research

Riboflavin in Neurological Diseases: A Narrative Review
AbstractRiboflavin is classified as one of the water-soluble B vitamins. It is part of the functional group of flavin mononucleotide (FMN) and flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD) cofactors and is required for numerous flavoprotein-catalysed reactions. Riboflavin has important antioxidant properties, essential for correct cell functioning. It is required for the conversion of oxidised glutathione to the reduced form and for the mitochondrial respiratory chain as complexes I and II contain flavoprotein reductases and electron transferring flavoproteins. Riboflavin deficiency has been demonstrated to impair the oxidative state ...
Source: Clinical Drug Investigation - April 22, 2021 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

The role of Nrf2 in Neural stem/Progenitors cells: from maintaining stemness and self-renewal to promoting differentiation capability and facilitating therapeutic application in neurodegenerative disease.
Abstract Neurodegenerative diseases (NDs) cause progressive loss of neurons in nervous system. NDs are categorized as acute NDs such as stroke and head injury, besides chronic NDs including Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, Huntington's diseases, Friedreich's Ataxia, Multiple Sclerosis. The exact etiology of NDs is not understood but oxidative stress, inflammation and synaptic dysfunction are main hallmarks. Oxidative stress leads to free radical attack on neural cells which contributes to protein misfolding, glia cell activation, mitochondrial dysfunction, impairment of DNA repair system and subsequently cellular death. ...
Source: Ageing Research Reviews - November 10, 2020 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Authors: Kahroba H, Ramezani B, Maadi H, Sadeghi MR, Jaberie H, Ramezani F Tags: Ageing Res Rev Source Type: research