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Atrial Transcriptional Profiles of Molecular Targets Mediating Electrophysiological Function in Aging and Pgc-1 β Deficient Murine Hearts
Conclusion: These findings limit the possible roles of gene transcriptional changes in previously reported age-dependent pro-arrhythmic electrophysiologial changes observed in Pgc-1β-/- atria to an altered Ca2+-ATPase (Atp2a2) expression. This directly parallels previously reported arrhythmic mechanism associated with p21-activated kinase type 1 deficiency. This could add to contributions from the direct physiological outcomes of mitochondrial dysfunction, whether through reactive oxygen species (ROS) production or altered Ca2+ homeostasis. Introduction Atrial arrhythmias constitute a major public health pro...
Source: Frontiers in Physiology - April 23, 2019 Category: Physiology Source Type: research

Human Fetal Hearts with Tetralogy of Fallot have Altered Fluid Dynamics and Forces.
In this study, we performed patient-specific ultrasound-based flow simulations of 3 TOF and 7 normal human fetal hearts. TOF right ventricles (RV) had smaller end-diastolic volumes (EDV) but similar stroke volumes (SV), while TOF left ventricles (LV) had similar EDV but slightly increased SV compared to normal ventricles. Simulation showed that TOF ventricles had elevated systolic intra-ventricular pressure gradient (IVPG), and required additional energy for ejection, but IVPG elevations were considered to be mild relative to arterial pressure. TOF RV and LV had similar pressures due to equalization via ventricular septal ...
Source: American Journal of Physiology. Heart and Circulatory Physiology - September 14, 2018 Category: Physiology Authors: Wiputra H, Chen CK, Talbi E, Lim GL, Soomar SM, Biswas A, Mattar CNZ, Bark D, Leo HL, Yap CH Tags: Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol Source Type: research