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Varicella Zoster Virus Vasculopathy; An HIV adult presenting with multiple strokes
IDCases. 2022 Nov 5;30:e01641. doi: 10.1016/j.idcr.2022.e01641. eCollection 2022.ABSTRACTVZV vasculopathy has been associated with granulomatous vasculitis where there is vessel wall damage and transmural inflammation. VZV vasculopathy has been previously called granulomatous angiitis, VZV vasculitis or post-varicella arteriopathy. Intracerebral VZV vasculopathy can occur in children and adults, either after primary infection or after viral reactivation. Where-as varicella primary infection is a common cause of stroke in children, in adults there is an increased risk of stroke after herpes zoster. Here we present a 38-year...
Source: Herpes - November 17, 2022 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Muna Ba'Omar Shabnam Chhetri Nenad Pandak Faryal Khamis Zakariya Al-Balushi Aliaa Al-Hajri Hend Abouelhamd Zakariya Al-Fahdi Source Type: research

Zoster-associated Prothrombotic Plasma Exosomes and Increased Stroke Risk
J Infect Dis. 2022 Oct 6:jiac405. doi: 10.1093/infdis/jiac405. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTHerpes zoster (HZ, shingles) caused by varicella zoster virus (VZV) reactivation increases stroke risk for up to one-year post-HZ. The underlying mechanisms are unclear, however, the development of stroke distant from the site of zoster (e.g. thoracic, lumbar, sacral) that can occur months after resolution of rash points to a long-lasting, virus-induced soluble factor(s) that can trigger thrombosis and/or vasculitis. Herein, we investigated the content and contributions of circulating plasma exosomes from HZ and non-HZ patient samp...
Source: Herpes - October 6, 2022 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Andrew N Bubak Christina Coughlan Janelle Posey Anthony J Saviola Christy S Niemeyer Serena W R Lewis Sara Bustos Lopez Adriana Solano Stephen K Tyring Cassidy Delaney Keith B Neeves Ravi Mahalingam Kirk C Hansen Maria A Nagel Source Type: research

Vessel wall magnetic resonance and arterial spin labelling imaging in the management of presumed inflammatory intracranial arterial vasculopathy
Brain Commun. 2022 Jun 20;4(4):fcac157. doi: 10.1093/braincomms/fcac157. eCollection 2022.ABSTRACTOptimal criteria for diagnosing and monitoring response to treatment for infectious and inflammatory medium-large vessel intracranial vasculitis presenting with stroke are lacking. We integrated intracranial vessel wall MRI with arterial spin labelling into our routine clinical stroke pathway to detect presumed inflammatory intracranial arterial vasculopathy, and monitor disease activity, in patients with clinical stroke syndromes. We used predefined standardized radiological criteria to define vessel wall enhancement, and all...
Source: Herpes - July 11, 2022 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: L A Benjamin E Lim M Sokolska J Markus T Zaletel V Aggarwal R Luder E Sanchez K Brown R Sofat A Singh C Houlihan E Nastouli N Losseff D J Werring M M Brown J C Mason R J Simister H R J äger Source Type: research

Herpes simplex virus 2 vasculitis as cause of ischemic stroke in a young immunocompromised patient
We report a case of a young woman with a left middle cerebral artery (MCA) ischemic stroke. The patient had history of HIV-1 infection, with periods of therapeutic non-compliance. Initial computed tomography (CT) imaging studies showed stenosis of the M1 segment of the left MCA, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) confirmed infarction of the MCA territory. Serial transcranial Doppler ultrasound revealed progressive occlusion of the MCA and stenosis of the left anterior cerebral artery. Systemic investigation for other causes of stroke was normal. Lumbar puncture revealed a mildly inflammatory cerebrospinal fluid, and HSV-...
Source: Journal of NeuroVirology - August 23, 2020 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Disseminated cutaneous herpes zoster and multiple cerebral infarcts in an adult with diabetes mellitus
We present the case of a patient with a medical history of type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) who experienced disseminated cutaneous VZV infection followed by multiple cerebral infarcts associated with VZV vasculopathy. Brain magnetic resonance imaging revealed multiple hyperintense lesions over the bilateral deep white matter and basal ganglia. A skin biopsy revealed small-vessel leukocytoclastic vasculitis with neutrophilic, lymphocytic, and eosinophilic infiltration. This case report describes the rare finding of cutaneous leukocytoclastic vasculitis in VZV infection and highlights that VZV infection is an uncommon but criti...
Source: Journal of NeuroVirology - January 14, 2020 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Complications of herpes zoster in immunocompetent older adults: Incidence in vaccine and placebo groups in two large phase 3 trials.
CONCLUSIONS: HZ/su reduces the risk of HZ-associated complications in older adults (NCT01165177; NCT01165229). PMID: 29463421 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Vaccine - February 17, 2018 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Kovac M, Lal H, Cunningham AL, Levin MJ, Johnson RW, Campora L, Volpi A, Heineman TC, ZOE-50/70 Study Group Tags: Vaccine Source Type: research

Multiple strokes associated with herpes simplex virus type-2 infection: case report
Abstract Herpes simplex virus (HSV) type-2 is known to cause meningitis and usually runs a benign course. Association of such infection with vasculitis of the central nervous system is not well known. Presented here is a case initially diagnosed as aseptic meningitis that subsequently evolved as stroke and exhibited angiographic evidence of widespread vasculitis of the intracranial vessels in association with a positive polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for HSV-2 in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF).
Source: Journal of NeuroVirology - October 6, 2015 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Herpes-Simplex Virus 2: A New Player in Cerebral Vasculitis (P03.259)
CONCLUSIONS: The spectrum of atypical CNS manifestations related to HSV is emerging. We report a case of cerebral vasculitis, which was masked by the initial presentation as thalamic hemorrhage and followed by an encephalitic syndrome and multifocal ischemic stroke. The work-up revealed HSV-2 as a new and treatable cause of infectious vasculitis.Supported by: JS is supported by a scientific fellowship from the European Federation of Neurological Societies.Disclosure: Dr. Sellner has nothing to disclose. Dr. Wunderlich has nothing to disclose. Dr. Förschler has nothing to disclose. Dr. Nadas has nothing to disclose. Dr...
Source: Neurology - February 14, 2013 Category: Neurology Authors: Sellner, J., Wunderlich, S., Forschler, A., Nadas, K., Hemmer, B., Zepper, P. Tags: P03 Infections I Source Type: research