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Case report: Acute vestibular syndrome and cerebellitis in anti-Yo paraneoplastic syndrome
We report three patients evaluated over the past decade with an acute AVS along with subtle downbeat nystagmus (DBN), followed by dysarthria and progressive truncal and limb ataxia, as well as increasing DBN intensity.MethodsAll patients underwent neurologic examination, video-oculography, MRI, serum cancer markers, spinal fluid examination, paraneoplastic panel testing, and oncologic workup. With a consolidated diagnosis of cancer/paraneoplastic syndrome, we treated with plasma exchange (PLEX), high-dose steroids, surgery, and oncologic investigation. We additionally provided oncotherapy in one out of three patients.Resul...
Source: Frontiers in Neurology - August 26, 2022 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Late-onset seizures and epilepsy: Electroclinical features suggestive of autoimmune etiology
ConclusionOur study shows that high-frequency focal seizures with autonomic manifestations should raise the suspicion of AE in the elderly with new-onset seizures. It also highlights the relevant contribution of AEEG, which might reduce the diagnostic delay and provide useful clues to recognize AE.
Source: Frontiers in Neurology - August 12, 2022 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Arterial Spin Labeling Imaging Characteristics of Anti-leucine-rich Glioma-Inactivated 1 Encephalitis: A Qualitative and Quantitative Analysis
DiscussionIn this preliminary study of six patients, we demonstrate an ASL hyperperfusion pattern, with a possible predilection for the right mesial temporal lobe on both qualitative and quantitative assessments in patients with seropositive LGI1. Larger scale studies are necessary to further characterize the strength of these associations.
Source: Frontiers in Neurology - July 28, 2022 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Neurological Manifestations of Coronavirus Disease 2019: A Comprehensive Review and Meta-Analysis of the First 6 Months of Pandemic Reporting
Conclusions: The COVID-19 pandemic exerts a substantial neurologic burden which may have residual effects on patients and healthcare systems for years. Low quality evidence impedes the ability to accurately predict the magnitude of this burden. Robust studies with standardised screening and case definitions are required to improve understanding of this disease and optimise treatment of individuals at higher risk for neurologic sequelae.
Source: Frontiers in Neurology - August 12, 2021 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

COVID-19 Pathophysiology Predicts That Ischemic Stroke Occurrence Is an Expectation, Not an Exception —A Systematic Review
This study provides a comprehensive review of the pathobiology of COVID-19 and ischemic stroke. It also affirms that the immunological contribution to the pathophysiology of COVID-19 is predictive of the neurological sequelae particularly ischemic stroke, which makes it the expectation rather than the exception. This work is of fundamental significance to the neurorehabilitation community given the increasing number of COVID-related ischemic strokes, the current limited knowledge regarding the risk of reinfection, and recent reports of a PCNS. It further highlights the need for global collaboration and research into new pa...
Source: Frontiers in Neurology - January 28, 2021 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Neurological Associations of COVID-19 —Do We Know Enough: A Tertiary Care Hospital Based Study
This study will discuss the detailed systematically evaluated clinical profile and relevant investigations and outcome of 14 laboratory confirmed SARS-CoV-2 positive patients presenting with neurological signs and symptoms. The patients were further categorized into confirmed, probable, and possible neurological associations. The probable association was found in meningoencephalitis (n = 4), stroke (n = 2), Guillain-Barré syndrome (n = 1), and anosmia (n = 1). The other six patients had coexisting neurological diseases with SARS-CoV-2. One patient with a large artery stroke succumbed to the illness due to respiratory comp...
Source: Frontiers in Neurology - November 24, 2020 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Clinical Improvement Following Stroke Promptly Reverses Post-stroke Cellular Immune Alterations
Conclusions: SIIA are detectable on admission of acute stroke patients. While it was assumed that post-stroke immunosuppression is rapidly reversed with improvement this is the first data set that shows that improvement actually is associated with a rapid reversal of SIIA demonstrating that SIIA require a constant signal to persist. The observation that HMGB-1 serum concentrations were similar in improved and non-improved cohorts argues against a role for this pro-inflammatory mediator in the maintenance of SIIA. Serum miRNA observed to be regulated in stroke in other publications was counter regulated with improvement in ...
Source: Frontiers in Neurology - April 30, 2019 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Neurological Involvement in Primary Systemic Vasculitis
Conclusion Neurological involvement is a common complication of PSV (Table 1), and neurologists play an important role in the identification and diagnosis of PSV patients with otherwise unexplained neurological symptoms as their chief complaint. This article summarizes the neurological manifestations of PSV and hopes to improve neuroscientists' understanding of this broad range of diseases. TABLE 1 Table 1. Common CNS and PNS involvements of primary systemic vasculitis. Author Contributions SZ conceived the article and wrote the manuscript. DY and GT reviewed and edited the manuscript. All authors ...
Source: Frontiers in Neurology - April 25, 2019 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Cryptotanshinone Attenuates Oxygen-Glucose Deprivation/ Recovery-Induced Injury in an in vitro Model of Neurovascular Unit
Conclusions Despite the above limitations, we indicate that the protective mechanism of CTs against OGD/R damage might exert via inhibiting neuron apoptosis and attenuating BBB disruption. Furthermore, we also clarified that CTs inhibited neuronal apoptosis possibly by blocking the activation of MAPK signaling pathways, and CTs alleviating BBB disruption may associated with the regulation of TJPs and MMP-9 in our experiment. Accordingly, CTs will represent a novel and potent candidate for the treatment of CIRI in the future. Ethics Statement This study was carried out in accordance with the recommendations of China�...
Source: Frontiers in Neurology - April 17, 2019 Category: Neurology Source Type: research