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Viruses, Vol. 14, Pages 657: HBsAg Loss as a Treatment Endpoint for Chronic HBV Infection: HBV Cure
ung Despite the availability of effective vaccines and antiviral therapy over the past two to three decades, chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection remains a major global health threat as a leading cause of cirrhosis and liver cancer. Functional HBV cure defined as hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) loss and undetectable serum HBV DNA is associated with improved clinical outcomes in patients with chronic HBV infection. However, spontaneous loss of HBsAg is rare and occurs in only 1% of all HBsAg-positive individuals annually. Furthermore, the rate of functional cure with currently available antiviral therapy is eve...
Source: Viruses - March 22, 2022 Category: Virology Authors: Maryam Moini Scott Fung Tags: Review Source Type: research

Viruses, Vol. 12, Pages 1189: Are Viral Vectors Any Good for RNAi Antiviral Therapy?
m RNA interference (RNAi) represents a novel approach for alternative antiviral therapy. However, issues related to RNA delivery and stability have presented serious obstacles for obtaining good therapeutic efficacy. Viral vectors are capable of efficient delivery of RNAi as short interfering RNA (siRNA), short hairpin RNA (shRNA) and micro-RNA (miRNA). Efficacy in gene silencing for therapeutic applications against viral diseases has been demonstrated in various animal models. Rotavirus (RV) miR-7 can inhibit rotavirus replication by targeting the RV nonstructural protein 5. Viral gene silencing by targeting the RNAi ...
Source: Viruses - October 20, 2020 Category: Virology Authors: Kenneth Lundstrom Tags: Editorial Source Type: research

5′-triphosphate siRNA targeting HBx elicits a potent anti-HBV immune response in pAAV-HBV transfected mice
Publication date: Available online 15 November 2018Source: Antiviral ResearchAuthor(s): Qiuju Han, Zhaohua Hou, Chunlai Yin, Cai Zhang, Jian ZhangAbstractRNA with 5′-triphosphate (3p-RNA) is recognized by RNA sensor RIG-I (retinoic acid–inducible gene I protein). Previously, we reported that small interfering RNA targeting HBx (3p-siHBx) could confer potent anti–hepatitis B virus (HBV) efficacy via HBx silencing and RIG-I activation. However, the characteristics of innate and adaptive immunity especially exhaustion profiles in the liver microenvironment in response to 3p-siHBx therapy have not been fully elucidated. ...
Source: Antiviral Therapy - November 16, 2018 Category: Virology Source Type: research

Identification of KX2-391 as an inhibitor of HBV transcription by a recombinant HBV-based screening assay
This study used recombinant HBV encoding NanoLuc to screen anti-HBV compounds from 1827 US Food and Drug Administration approved compounds and identified several compounds that suppressed HBV infection. Among them, KX2-391, a non-ATP-competitive inhibitor of SRC kinase and tubulin polymerization, was identified as a lead candidate for an anti-HBV drug. Treatment of sodium taurocholate cotransporting polypeptide (NTCP) transduced-HepG2 (HepG2-NTCP) or primary human hepatocytes with KX2-391 suppressed HBV replication in a dose-dependent manner. The anti-HBV activity of KX2-391 appeared not to depend on SRC kinase activity be...
Source: Antiviral Therapy - June 16, 2017 Category: Virology Source Type: research

Inhibition of hepatitis B virus (HBV) gene expression and replication by HBx gene silencing in a hydrodynamic injection mouse model with a new clone of HBV genotype B
Conclusions: Taken together, the HI mouse model with a HBV genotype B genome was successfully established and showed different characteristics in vivo compared with the genotype A genome. The effectiveness of gene silencing against HBx gene determines whether HBV replication may be sustainably inhibited by siRNA in vivo.
Source: Virology Journal - June 28, 2013 Category: Virology Authors: Lei LiHong ShenAnyi LiZhenhua ZhangBaoju WangJunzhong WangXin ZhengJun WuDongliang YangMengji LuJingjiao Song Source Type: research