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Effect of RNA interference with glutamate decarboxylase on acid resistance of Trichinella spiralis
Acta Trop. 2023 Feb 25:106869. doi: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2023.106869. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTTrichinella spiralis is a zoonotic parasite that infects most mammals, even humans. Glutamate decarboxylase (GAD) is an important enzyme in glutamate-dependent acid resistance system 2 (AR2), but the GAD of T. spiralis in AR2 is unclear. We aimed to investigate the role of T. spiralis glutamate decarboxylase (TsGAD) in AR2. We silenced the TsGAD gene to evaluate the AR of T. spiralis muscle larvae (ML) in vivo and in vitro via siRNA. The results showed that recombinant TsGAD was recognized by anti-rTsGAD polyclonal antibody...
Source: Acta Tropica - February 27, 2023 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Jiaming Hou Shi Meng Bohan Zhang Rulin Ruan Yan Zhang Ze Wang Mingxin Song Zhikun Bai Source Type: research

Molecular characterization and functional analysis of Schistosoma mekongi neuroglobin homolog
In this study, we aimed to characterize the molecular properties and functions of Schistosoma mekongi Ngb (SmeNgb) using bioinformatic, biochemical, and molecular biology approaches. The amino acid sequence of Ngb was highly conserved among schistosomes as well as closely related trematodes. SmeNgb was abundantly localized in the gastrodermis, vitelline, and ovary of adult female S. mekongi worms as well as in the tegument of adult male worms. Assessment of antioxidant activity demonstrated that recombinant SmeNgb had Fe2+ chelating and hydrogen peroxide scavenging activities. Intriguingly, siRNA silencing of SmeNgb gene e...
Source: Acta Tropica - April 1, 2022 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Orawan Phuphisut Porntida Kobpornchai Phiraphol Chusongsang Yanin Limpanont Tapanee Kanjanapruthipong Sumate Ampawong Onrapak Reamtong Poom Adisakwattana Source Type: research

Oral immunization with attenuated Salmonella encoding an elastase elicits protective immunity against Trichinella spiralis infection
In this study, complete TsE cDNA sequence was cloned into pcDNA3.1, and the rTsE DNA was transformed into attenuated Salmonella typhimurium strain ΔcyaSL1344. Oral vaccination of mice with TsE DNA elicited a systemic Th1/Th2/Treg mixed immune response and gut local mucosal sIgA response. Immunized mice exhibited a significant immune protection against T. spiralis larval challenge, as demonstrated by a 52.48% reduction of enteral adult worms and a 69.43% reduction of muscle larvae. The protection might be related to the TsE-induced production of intestinal mucus, specific anti-TsE sIgA and IgG, and secretion of IFN-γ, IL-...
Source: Acta Tropica - December 8, 2021 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Xin Zhuo Zhang Wen Wen Yue Sheng Jie Bai Hui Nan Hao Yan Yan Song Shao Rong Long Ruo Dan Liu Jing Cui Zhong Quan Wang Source Type: research

Identification and functional characterization of the siRNA pathway in Taenia crassiceps by silencing Enolase A
Acta Trop. 2021 Oct 21:106197. doi: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2021.106197. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTA gene silencing procedure on cysticerci of the taeniid cestode Taenia crassiceps is described. This is the first time this technique is reported in this species that is widely used as an animal model for human cysticercosis. Genome database searches were performed in order to find out if relevant genes involved in gene silencing and non-coding RNA processing, Argonaute and Dicer (AGO and Dcr) are present in T. crassiceps. We found three AGO and two Dcr orthologues that were designed TcAGO1, Tc2 and Tc3, as well as TcDcr1 a...
Source: Acta Tropica - October 24, 2021 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Julio Guerrero-Hern ández Ra úl J Bobes Mart ín García-Varela Alejandro Castellanos-Gonzalez Juan P Laclette Source Type: research

Binding of elastase-1 and enterocytes facilitates Trichinella spiralis larval intrusion of the host's intestinal epithelium.
Abstract Elastase-1 is one member of serine protease family, distributes in organisms widely and plays a crucial role in the invasion and development of Trichinella spiralis. In order to identify the binding of T. spiralis elastase-1 (TsEla) with host's intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) and its role in Trichinella larval intrusion, TsEla gene was cloned and expressed in our previous study. The recombinant TsEla (rTsEla) has the enzymatic activity to degrade specific peptide substrate. A specific binding between rTsEla and IECs was detected by Far Western blot, and ELISA. In an in vitro invasion assay, rTsEla prom...
Source: Acta Tropica - June 17, 2020 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Hu CX, Zeng J, Yang DQ, Yue X, Dan Liu R, Long SR, Zhang X, Jiang P, Cui J, Wang ZQ Tags: Acta Trop Source Type: research

Knocking down of the DHFR-TS gene in Toxoplasma gondii using siRNA and assessing the subsequences on toxoplasmosis in mice.
Abstract Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii), an obligatory intracellular parasite, is the etiologic agent of toxoplasmosis. Dihydrofolate reductase-thymidylate synthase (DHFR-TS) is one of the most important enzymes in toxoplasma folic acid cycle. Due to the emergence of resistance in RH strain of T. gondii against pyrimethamine that acts via DHFR-TS inhibition and also the crucial role of small interference RNA (siRNA) technology in gene silencing, we aimed to use siRNA to knock down DHFR-TS gene expression in T. gondii as a therapeutic target against toxoplasmosis in a mouse model. Based on the DHFR-TS gene sequence,...
Source: Acta Tropica - April 7, 2020 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Azimi-Resketi M, Eskandarian A, Ganjalikhani-Hakemi M, Zohrabi T Tags: Acta Trop Source Type: research

Clathrin coated pit dependent pathway for trypanosoma cruzi internalization into host cells.
CLATHRIN COATED PIT DEPENDENT PATHWAY FOR TRYPANOSOMA CRUZI INTERNALIZATION INTO HOST CELLS. Acta Trop. 2019 Jun 13;:105057 Authors: Barrias E, Reignault L, de Carvalho TMU, de Souza W Abstract A number of intracellular pathogens are internalized by host cells via multiple endocytic pathways, including Trypanosoma cruzi, the etiological agent of Chagas disease. Clathrin-mediated endocytosis is the most characterized endocytic pathway in mammalian cells. Its machinery was described as being required in mammalian cells for the internalization of large particles, including pathogenic bacteria, fungi, and...
Source: Acta Tropica - June 12, 2019 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Barrias E, Reignault L, de Carvalho TMU, de Souza W Tags: Acta Trop Source Type: research