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Viruses, Vol. 15, Pages 785: EV-A71 Mechanism of Entry: Receptors/Co-Receptors, Related Pathways and Inhibitors
nhong Wei Enterovirus A71, a non-enveloped single-stranded (+) RNA virus, enters host cells through three stages: attachment, endocytosis and uncoating. In recent years, receptors/co-receptors anchored on the host cell membrane and involved in this process have been continuously identified. Among these, hSCARB-2 was the first receptor revealed to specifically bind to a definite site of the EV-A71 viral capsid and plays an indispensable role during viral entry. It actually acts as the main receptor due to its ability to recognize all EV-A71 strains. In addition, PSGL-1 is the second EV-A71 receptor discovered. Unlike hS...
Source: Viruses - March 18, 2023 Category: Virology Authors: Kanghong Hu Rominah Onintsoa Diarimalala Chenguang Yao Hanluo Li Yanhong Wei Tags: Review Source Type: research

Viruses, Vol. 7, Pages 6689-6706: Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase Enhances Antiviral Response through Downregulation of NADPH Sensor HSCARG and Upregulation of NF-κB Signaling
This study examined the mechanism underlying this phenomenon by measuring the expression of antiviral genes—tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and GTPase myxovirus resistance 1 (MX1)—in G6PD-knockdown cells upon human coronavirus 229E (HCoV-229E) and enterovirus 71 (EV71) infection. Molecular analysis revealed that the promoter activities of TNF-α and MX1 were downregulated in G6PD-knockdown cells, and that the IκB degradation and DNA binding activity of NF-κB were decreased. The HSCARG protein, a nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) sensor and negative regulator of NF-κB, was upregulated in G6PD-k...
Source: Viruses - December 17, 2015 Category: Virology Authors: Yi-Hsuan WuDaniel ChiuHsin-Ru LinHsiang-Yu TangMei-Ling ChengHung-Yao Ho Tags: Article Source Type: research