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Source: Biomaterials

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Total 156 results found since Jan 2013.

The effect of RNAi silencing of p62 using an osmotic polysorbitol transporter on autophagy and tumorigenesis in lungs of K-ras(LA1) mice.
Abstract Treating cancer patients by conventional chemotherapy to achieve prolonged survival still remains complicated. Autophagy is a topic of considerable interest in recent times, as it may contribute greatly to tumor suppression. Recent studies indicate that autophagy-deficient cells accumulate high levels of p62, an ubiquitin-binding scaffold protein, involved greatly in tumorigenesis. Here, we synthesized an osmotically active polysorbitol-mediated transporter (PSMT) to downregulate p62 using an RNAi strategy and described the mechanism of how p62 silencing using PSMT/siRNA p62 system activates autophagy and...
Source: Biomaterials - November 21, 2013 Category: Materials Science Authors: Islam MA, Shin JY, Yun CH, Cho CS, Seo HW, Chae C, Cho MH Tags: Biomaterials Source Type: research

Sustained localized presentation of RNA interfering molecules from in situ forming hydrogels to guide stem cell osteogenic differentiation.
Abstract To date, RNA interfering molecules have been used to differentiate stem cells on two-dimensional (2D) substrates that do not mimic three-dimensional (3D) microenvironments in the body. Here, in situ forming poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) hydrogels were engineered for controlled, localized and sustained delivery of RNA interfering molecules to differentiate stem cells encapsulated within the 3D polymer network. RNA interfering molecules were released from the hydrogels in a sustained and controlled manner over the course of 3-6 weeks, and exhibited high bioactivity. Importantly, it was demonstrated that the d...
Source: Biomaterials - May 12, 2014 Category: Materials Science Authors: Nguyen MK, Jeon O, Krebs MD, Schapira D, Alsberg E Tags: Biomaterials Source Type: research

Co-delivery of platinum drug and siNotch1 with micelleplex for enhanced hepatocellular carcinoma therapy.
Abstract As part of HCC tumor cellularity, cancer stem cells (CSCs) are considered a major obstacle to eradicate hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), which is the third most common cause of cancer-related death worldwide, and the accumulation of chemotherapeutic drug-resistant CSCs invariably accounts for poor prognosis and HCC relapse. In the present study, we explored the efficacy of co-delivery of platinum drug and siRNA targeting Notch1 to treat CSCs-harboring HCC. To overcome the challenging obstacles of platinum drug and siRNA in the systemic administration, we developed a micellar nanoparticle (MNP) to deliver p...
Source: Biomaterials - August 17, 2015 Category: Materials Science Authors: Shen S, Sun CY, Du XJ, Li HJ, Liu Y, Xia JX, Zhu YH, Wang J Tags: Biomaterials Source Type: research

Reduction-responsive RNAi nanoplatform to reprogram tumor lipid metabolism and repolarize macrophage for combination pancreatic cancer therapy
Biomaterials. 2021 Nov 19:121264. doi: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2021.121264. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTPancreatic cancer (PAC) is one of the most lethal malignant neoplasms with poor prognosis and high mortality. Emerging evidence has revealed that abnormal tumor lipid metabolism and tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) significantly contribute to PAC development and progression. Therefore, concurrently reprogramming tumor lipid metabolism and regulating TAMs function could be a promising strategy for effective PAC therapy. Herein, we identified an important enzyme catabolizing lipids (monoacylglycerol lipase, MGLL) and a...
Source: Biomaterials - November 26, 2021 Category: Materials Science Authors: Shuwen Cao Phei Er Saw Qian Shen Rong Li Yun Liu Xiaoding Xu Source Type: research

Heat shock protein-mediated cell penetration and cytosolic delivery of macromolecules by a telomerase-derived peptide vaccine.
Abstract A reverse-transcriptase-subunit of telomerase (hTERT) derived peptide, GV1001, has been developed as a vaccine against various cancers. Here, we report an unexpected function of GV1001 as a cell-penetrating peptide (CPP). GV1001 was delivered into a variety of cells including various cancer cell lines and primary blood cells. Moreover, the delivered GV1001 was predominantly located in the cytoplasm of the cells, while a significantly higher proportion of TAT peptide was localized in the nucleus. Macromolecules such as proteins, DNA and siRNA, which were linked to GV1001 by direct covalent conjugation or n...
Source: Biomaterials - July 1, 2013 Category: Materials Science Authors: Lee SA, Kim BR, Kim BK, Kim DW, Shon WJ, Lee NR, Inn KS, Kim BJ Tags: Biomaterials Source Type: research

The use of gene activated matrix to mediate effective SMAD2 gene silencing against hypertrophic scar.
Abstract Hypertrophic scar (HS) originates from the over-expression of transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) and downstream SMAD2. With attempts to rectify HS by RNA interference (RNAi) against SMAD2, we report the design of plasmid DNA encoding SMAD2 siRNA (pSUPER-SMAD2), and identify the optimal siRNA sequence toward maximal RNAi efficiency. To realize effective and sustained RNAi, we developed gene activated matrix (GAM) based on porous atelocollagen scaffold and embedded trimethyl chitosan-cysteine (TMCC)/pSUPER-SMAD2 polyplexes for promoting cell growth and gene transfection. The GAM exhibited porosity highe...
Source: Biomaterials - January 15, 2014 Category: Materials Science Authors: Yin L, Zhao X, Ji S, He C, Wang G, Tang C, Gu S, Yin C Tags: Biomaterials Source Type: research

Enhanced BBB permeability of osmotically active poly(mannitol-co-PEI) modified with rabies virus glycoprotein via selective stimulation of caveolar endocytosis for RNAi therapeutics in Alzheimer's disease.
Abstract RNA interference (RNAi) holds one of the promising tools for Alzheimer's disease (AD) treatment by directly arresting the causative genes. For successful RNAi therapeutics for AD, limited access of therapeutic genes to the brain needs to be overcome by developing siRNA delivery system that could cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB). Here, we report a non-viral vector, rabies virus glycoprotein (RVG)-modified poly(mannitol-co-PEI) gene transporter (PMT), R-PEG-PMT. The RVG ligand directed the PMT/siRNA complexes toward the brain through binding to nicotinic acetylcholine receptors expressed on BBB. In mecha...
Source: Biomaterials - December 6, 2014 Category: Materials Science Authors: Park TE, Singh B, Li H, Lee JY, Kang SK, Choi YJ, Cho CS Tags: Biomaterials Source Type: research

Efficient in vitro and in vivo pulmonary delivery of nucleic acid by carbon dot-based nanocarriers.
Abstract Cationic carbon dots were fabricated by pyrolysis of citric acid and bPEI25k under microwave radiation. Various nanoparticles were produced in a 20-30% yield through straightforward modifications of the reaction parameters (stoichiometry of the reactants and energy supply regime). Particular attention was paid to the purification of the reaction products to ensure satisfactory elimination of the residual starting polyamine. Intrinsic properties of the particles (size, surface charge, photoluminescence and quantum yield) were measured and their ability to form stable complexes with nucleic acid was determi...
Source: Biomaterials - March 20, 2015 Category: Materials Science Authors: Pierrat P, Wang R, Kereselidze D, Lux M, Didier P, Kichler A, Pons F, Lebeau L Tags: Biomaterials Source Type: research

Effects of mannose density on in vitro and in vivo cellular uptake and RNAi efficiency of polymeric nanoparticles.
Abstract To evaluate the effects of mannose density on in vitro and in vivo cellular uptake and RNA interference (RNAi) efficiency of polymeric nanoparticles (NPs) in macrophages, mannose-modified trimethyl chitosan-cysteine (MTC) conjugates with mannose densities of 4%, 13%, and 21% (MTC-4, MTC-13, and MTC-21) were synthesized. Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) siRNA loaded MTC NPs with particle sizes of ∼150 nm exhibited desired structural stability and effectively protected siRNA from enzymatic degradation. Generally, cellular uptake and RNAi efficiency were affected by mannose density. As expected, MTC...
Source: Biomaterials - April 1, 2015 Category: Materials Science Authors: Chu S, Tang C, Yin C Tags: Biomaterials Source Type: research

The use of collagen-based scaffolds to simulate prostate cancer bone metastases with potential for evaluating delivery of nanoparticulate gene therapeutics.
In conclusion, development of a novel 3D cell culture model of prostate cancer bone metastasis has been initiated resulting, for the first time, in the successful delivery of gene therapeutics in a 3D in vitro model. Further enhancement of this model will help elucidate the pathogenesis of prostate cancer and also accelerate the design of effective therapies which can penetrate into the bone microenvironment for prostate cancer therapy. PMID: 26196533 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Biomaterials - July 14, 2015 Category: Materials Science Authors: Fitzgerald KA, Guo J, Tierney EG, Curtin CM, Malhotra M, Darcy R, O'Brien FJ, O'Driscoll CM Tags: Biomaterials Source Type: research

Modulation of inflammation and angiogenesis and changes in ECM GAG-activity via dual delivery of nucleic acids.
Abstract Tissue-engineered organs and implants hold promise for the replacement of damaged and diseased organs. However, the foreign body response (FBR) is a major obstacle that compromises the function of tissue-engineered constructs, typically causing them to fail. Two components of FBR are an inflammatory response and a lack of vascularization. To overcome these limitations, a collagen system was developed to release interleukin-6 (IL-6) siRNA and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) pDNA in a staggered manner. Hollow collagen microspheres were assembled into a collagen sphere-in-hydrogel system that displa...
Source: Biomaterials - August 6, 2015 Category: Materials Science Authors: Browne S, Monaghan MG, Brauchle E, Berrio DC, Chantepie S, Papy-Garcia D, Schenke-Layland K, Pandit A Tags: Biomaterials Source Type: research

Revisiting the value of competition assays in folate receptor-mediated drug delivery.
In conclusion, the results presented in this paper suggest that multivalent targeted nanoparticles display strong receptor binding that a monovalent ligand may not be able to compete with under in vitro conditions and that high concentrations of competing monovalent ligands can lead to measurement artifacts. PMID: 28551461 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Biomaterials - May 22, 2017 Category: Materials Science Authors: Jones SK, Sarkar A, Feldmann DP, Hoffmann P, Merkel OM Tags: Biomaterials Source Type: research

Precision design of nanomedicines to restore gemcitabine chemosensitivity for personalized pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma treatment.
Abstract Low chemosensitivity considerably restricts the therapeutic efficacy of gemcitabine (GEM) in pancreatic cancer treatment. Using immunohistochemical evaluation, we investigated that decreased expression of human equilibrative nucleoside transporter-1 (hENT1, which is the major GEM transporter across cell membranes) and increased expression of ribonucleotide reductase subunit 2 (RRM2, which decreases the cytotoxicity of GEM) was associated with low GEM chemosensitivity. To solve these problems, we employed a nanomedicine-based formulation of cationic liposomes for co-delivery of GEM along with siRNA targeti...
Source: Biomaterials - December 20, 2017 Category: Materials Science Authors: Zhao X, Wang X, Sun W, Cheng K, Qin H, Han X, Lin Y, Wang Y, Lang J, Zhao R, Zheng X, Zhao Y, Shi J, Hao J, Miao QR, Nie G, Ren H Tags: Biomaterials Source Type: research

Delivery of small interfering RNA against Nogo-B receptor via tumor-acidity responsive nanoparticles for tumor vessel normalization and metastasis suppression.
This study demonstrated that NgBR is a promising therapeutic target in abnormal tumor vasculature and aggressive cancer cells, and the tumor-responsive nanoparticle with the feature of charge transformation offers great potential for tumor-specific delivery of gene therapeutics. PMID: 29803999 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Biomaterials - May 21, 2018 Category: Materials Science Authors: Wang B, Ding Y, Zhao X, Han X, Yang N, Zhang Y, Zhao Y, Zhao X, Taleb M, Miao QR, Nie G Tags: Biomaterials Source Type: research

A review of nanotechnological approaches for the prophylaxis of HIV/AIDS.
Abstract Successful treatment and control of HIV/AIDS is one of the biggest challenges of 21st century. More than 33 million individuals are infected with HIV worldwide and more than 2 million new cases of HIV infection have been reported. The situation demands development of effective prevention strategies to control the pandemic of AIDS. Due to lack of availability of an effective HIV vaccine, antiretroviral drugs and nucleic acid therapeutics like siRNA have been explored for HIV prophylaxis. Clinical trials shave shown that antiretroviral drugs, tenofovir and emtricitabine can offer some degree of HIV preventi...
Source: Biomaterials - May 28, 2013 Category: Materials Science Authors: Date AA, Destache CJ Tags: Biomaterials Source Type: research