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Source: International Journal of Oncology

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Total 198 results found since Jan 2013.

Critical contribution of MCL-1 in EMT-associated chemo-resistance in A549 non-small cell lung cancer.
In this study, we identified MCL-1 as a critical molecule for chemo-resistance in A549 cells associated with TGF-β-induced EMT. Importantly, downregulation of MCL-1 by siRNA or inhibition of MCL-1 with pan-BCL2 inhibitor to inhibit MCL-1 was able to overcome the EMT-associated chemo-resistance in A549 cells. Collectively, MCL-1 can be a new therapeutic target for overcoming EMT-associated chemo-resistance in NSCLC patients in the context of post-operative chemotherapies. PMID: 25647738 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: International Journal of Oncology - January 30, 2015 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Toge M, Yokoyama S, Kato S, Sakurai H, Senda K, Doki Y, Hayakawa Y, Yoshimura N, Saiki I Tags: Int J Oncol Source Type: research

RIG-I suppresses the migration and invasion of hepatocellular carcinoma cells by regulating MMP9.
Abstract The retinoic acid-induced protein I (Rig-I/Ddx58), (RIG-I) initiates a signaling cascade that induces innate immune defences which is associated with the production of type I interferons (IFNs) and inflammatory cytokines to establish an antiviral state. Aberrant RIG-I signaling leads to inflammation, autoimmune diseases and cancer. However, the role of RIG-I in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is still unknown. Here, we observed that RIG-I expression was downregulated in HCC tissues and loss of RIG-I expression was correlated with poor clinicopathological features. Additionally, we demonstrated that patien...
Source: International Journal of Oncology - January 26, 2015 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Liu Z, Dou C, Jia Y, Li Q, Zheng X, Yao Y, Liu Q, Song T Tags: Int J Oncol Source Type: research

The effectiveness of an anti-human IL-6 receptor monoclonal antibody combined with chemotherapy to target colon cancer stem-like cells.
Abstract Recent studies have demonstrated that cancer stem cells (CSCs) can initiate and sustain tumor growth and exhibit resistance to clinical cytotoxic therapies. Therefore, CSCs represent the main target of anticancer therapy. Interleukin-6 (IL-6) promotes cellular proliferation and drug resistance in colorectal cancer, and its serum levels correlate with patient survival. Therefore, IL-6 and its downstream signaling molecule the signal transducer and activator of transcription-3 (STAT3) represent potential molecular targets. In the present study, we investigated the effects of IL-6 and its downstream signalin...
Source: International Journal of Oncology - January 26, 2015 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Ying J, Tsujii M, Kondo J, Hayashi Y, Kato M, Akasaka T, Inoue T, Shiraishi E, Inoue T, Hiyama S, Tsujii Y, Maekawa A, Kawai S, Fujinaga T, Araki M, Shinzaki S, Watabe K, Nishida T, Iijima H, Takehara T Tags: Int J Oncol Source Type: research

Long‑term exposure to leptin enhances the growth of prostate cancer cells.
In conclusion, long‑term exposure to leptin increased the cell proliferation, migration, and invasion of PCa cells through inactivation of FOXO1. This inactivation resulted from exclusion of FOXO1 from the nucleus and its restriction to the cytoplasm through PI3K/Akt signaling. Our findings contribute to an understanding of the association between obesity and PCa aggressiveness. PMID: 25625287 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: International Journal of Oncology - January 23, 2015 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Noda T, Kikugawa T, Tanji N, Miura N, Asai S, Higashiyama S, Yokoyama M Tags: Int J Oncol Source Type: research

Aurora kinase A has a significant role as a therapeutic target and clinical biomarker in endometrial cancer.
Abstract Aurora kinase A (AURKA) regulates the cell cycle checkpoint and maintains genomic integrity. AURKA is overexpressed in various malignant tumors and its upregulation induces chromosomal instability, which leads to aneuploidy and cell transformation. To investigate the role of AURKA in endometrial cancer, we evaluated the association of immunohistochemical expression of AURKA with clinicopathological factors. Furthermore, we examined the effects of AURKA inhibition by transfected siRNA in HEC‑1B cells on colony‑forming ability, invasion and migration capacity, and chemosensitivity. Immunohistochemical ...
Source: International Journal of Oncology - January 22, 2015 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Umene K, Yanokura M, Banno K, Irie H, Adachi M, Iida M, Nakamura K, Nogami Y, Masuda K, Kobayashi Y, Tominaga E, Aoki D Tags: Int J Oncol Source Type: research

Silencing HO-1 sensitizes SKM-1 cells to apoptosis induced by low concentration 5-azacytidine through enhancing p16 demethylation.
Abstract Heme oxygenase-1 was reported previously as a resistance target on acute myelocytic leukemia (AML). We found that HO-1 was resistant to 5-azacytidine (AZA) treatment of myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS), and explored further the relative mechanisms. Patient bone marrow mononuclear cells (n=48) diagnosed as different levels of MDS were collected. Cell growth was evaluated by MTT assay; cell cycle and apoptosis were detected by flow cytometry; mRNA expression was assessed by real-time PCR, protein expression was analyzed through western blotting. Methylation was assessed by MSP. The survival time, and weight o...
Source: International Journal of Oncology - January 12, 2015 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Wang P, Ma D, Wang J, Fang Q, Gao R, Wu W, Lu T, Cao L Tags: Int J Oncol Source Type: research

Overexpression of PGC‑1α enhances cell proliferation and tumorigenesis of HEK293 cells through the upregulation of Sp1 and Acyl-CoA binding protein.
Abstract Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator-1α (PGC‑1α), a coactivator interacting with multiple transcription factors, regulates several metabolic processes. Although recent studies have focused on the role of PGC‑1α in cancer, the underlying molecular mechanism has not been clarified. Therefore, we evaluated the role of PGC‑1α in cell proliferation and tumorigenesis using human embryonic kidney (HEK)293 cells and colorectal cancer cells. We established stable HEK293 cell lines expressing PGC‑1α and examined cell proliferation, anchorage-independent growth, and oncogenic poten...
Source: International Journal of Oncology - January 12, 2015 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Shin SW, Yun SH, Park ES, Jeong JS, Kwak JY, Park JI Tags: Int J Oncol Source Type: research

Sialylation by β‑galactoside α‑2,6‑sialyltransferase and N‑glycans regulate cell adhesion and invasion in human anaplastic large cell lymphoma.
Abstract The interaction between cell surface glycans and extracellular matrix (ECM) including galectins is known to be closely associated with tumor cell adhesion, invasion and metastasis. We analyzed the roles of cell surface sialylation or glycosylation in galectin or ECM‑mediated cell adhesion and invasion of human malignant lymphoma cells. Neuraminidase from Arthrobacter ureafaciens (AU) treatment resulted in reduction of cell adhesion to galectin‑8 in human anaplastic large cell lymphoma (H‑ALCL) which was established in our laboratory. The knockdown of β‑galactoside α‑2,6‑sialyltrans-ferase...
Source: International Journal of Oncology - January 7, 2015 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Suzuki O, Abe M, Hashimoto Y Tags: Int J Oncol Source Type: research

Downregulation of UHRF1 promotes EMT via inducing CXCR4 in human cancer cells.
In conclusion, our results demonstrate that downregulation of UHRF1 contributes to the induction of EMT in human cancer cells via the activation of CXCR4 signaling pathway. Our observation also suggests that UHRF1 may play a pivotal role in suppressing the malignant alteration of cancer cells. PMID: 25572953 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: International Journal of Oncology - December 30, 2014 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Jung YD, Shim JW, Park SJ, Choi SH, Yang K, Heo K, Park MT Tags: Int J Oncol Source Type: research

Autophagy facilitates the development of resistance to the tumor necrosis factor superfamily member TRAIL in breast cancer.
Abstract Autophagy, an important homeostatic cellular recycling mechanism, has emerged as a novel cytoprotective mechanism to increase tumor cell survival through escaping chemotherapy‑induced cell death. To explore whether autophagy plays a protective role in the resistance to the tumor necrosis factor‑related apoptosis‑inducing ligand (TRAIL), we evaluated the autophagy levels in TRAIL‑sensitive MDA‑MB‑231 breast cancer cell lines and in TRAIL‑refractory MDA‑MB‑231 cells before and after TRAIL treatment. After treatment with 40 ng/ml TRAIL, TRAIL‑sensitized MDA‑MB‑231 parental cells exp...
Source: International Journal of Oncology - December 30, 2014 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Lv S, Wang X, Zhang N, Sun M, Qi W, Li Y, Yang Q Tags: Int J Oncol Source Type: research

Decreased expression of carbonyl reductase 1 promotes ovarian cancer growth and proliferation.
Abstract Carbonyl reductase 1 (CBR1) expression level is related to tumor progression. Decreased CBR1 expression is associated with poor prognosis in ovarian cancer. We investigated the relationship between CBR1 expression level and malignant potential of ovarian cancer. OVCAR‑3 cells overexpressing CBR1 or knocked down for CBR1 were obtained by transfecting CBR1 plasmid DNA (pDNA) or small interfering RNA (siRNA) by electroporation. In vitro cell proliferation and invasion were compared between the two cell types. Subcutaneous CBR1‑overexpressed OVCAR‑3 cells (n=10) and wild‑type ones (n=5) were inject...
Source: International Journal of Oncology - December 30, 2014 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Osawa Y, Yokoyama Y, Shigeto T, Futagami M, Mizunuma H Tags: Int J Oncol Source Type: research

Inhibition of IL-6/STAT3 axis and targeting Axl and Tyro3 receptor tyrosine kinases by apigenin circumvent taxol resistance in ovarian cancer cells.
Abstract Ovarian cancer is the number one cause of death from gynaecological malignancy. Platinum-based and taxol-based chemotherapy has been used as a standard therapy, but intrinsic and acquired resistance to chemotherapy is a major obstacle to treat the disease. In the present study, we found that in the chemoresistant ovarian cancer SKOV3/TR cells, interleukin-6 (IL-6), IL-6 receptor and signal transducers and activators of transcription 3 (STAT3) expression as well as STAT3 phosphorylation were upregulated compared to those in parental cells. Silencing of IL-6 using IL-6 siRNA was found to suppress IL-6 produ...
Source: International Journal of Oncology - December 23, 2014 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Suh Y, Jo S, Lee H, Lee C Tags: Int J Oncol Source Type: research

The Pleckstrin and Sec7 domain-containing gene as a novel epigenetic modification marker in human gastric cancer and its clinical significance.
Abstract The Pleckstrin and Sec7 domain-containing (PSD) gene has been recently found to participate in the progression of several types of cancer. In the present study, we identified PSD as a candidate tumor suppressor gene silenced through epigenetic modification in gastric cancer (GC). PSD mRNA expression and DNA methylation were evaluated by real-time reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and methylation-specific PCR in GC cell lines and tissue samples. Involvement of histone modification in GC cell lines was examined by chromatin immunoprecipitation assay. We also used an siRNA-mediated app...
Source: International Journal of Oncology - October 30, 2014 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Zhu X, Liu J, Xu X, Zhang C, Dai D Tags: Int J Oncol Source Type: research

Long‑term exposure to gefitinib induces acquired resistance through DNA methylation changes in the EGFR‑mutant PC9 lung cancer cell line.
In conclusion, KL and S100P could be potential targets to overcome resistance to EGFR‑TKIs. PMID: 25353970 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: International Journal of Oncology - October 29, 2014 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Terai H, Soejima K, Yasuda H, Sato T, Naoki K, Ikemura S, Arai D, Ohgino K, Ishioka K, Hamamoto J, Kanai Y, Betsuyaku T Tags: Int J Oncol Source Type: research

Downregulation of thymidylate synthase and E2F1 by arsenic trioxide in mesothelioma.
Abstract Malignant pleural mesothelioma is a global health issue. Arsenic trioxide (ATO) has been shown to suppress thymidylate synthase (TYMS) in lung adenocarcinoma and colorectal cancer, and induce apoptosis in acute promyelocytic leukemia. With TYMS as a putative therapeutic target, the effect of ATO in mesothelioma was therefore studied. A panel of 5 mesothelioma cell lines was used to study the effect of ATO on cell viability, protein expression, mRNA expression and TYMS activity by MTT assay, western blot, qPCR and tritium-release assay, respectively. The knockdown of TYMS and E2F1 was performed with a spec...
Source: International Journal of Oncology - October 21, 2014 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Lam SK, Li YY, Zheng CY, Ho JC Tags: Int J Oncol Source Type: research