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Oxyresveratrol stimulates mucin production in an NAD+-dependent manner in human intestinal goblet cells.
In conclusion, OXY increases NAD+ levels, resulting in the stimulation of MUC2 expression in LS 174T cells. These findings present a novel role for NAD+ in stimulation of MUC2 expression. PMID: 29935245 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Food and Chemical Toxicology - June 20, 2018 Category: Food Science Authors: Hwang D, Jo H, Ma SH, Lim YH Tags: Food Chem Toxicol Source Type: research

Glutamate induces autophagy via the two-pore channels in neural cells.
In this study, we evaluated the effect of glutamate on autophagy in astrocytes at physiological, non-toxic concentration. We found that glutamate induces autophagy at similar extent as NAADP. By contrast, the NAADP antagonist NED-19 or SiRNA-mediated inhibition of TPC1/2 decreases autophagy induced by glutamate, confirming a role for NAADP in this pathway. The involvement of TPC1/2 in glutamate-induced autophagy was also confirmed in SHSY5Y neuroblastoma cells. Finally, we show that glutamate leads to a NAADP-dependent activation of AMPK, which is required for autophagy induction, while mTOR activity is not affected by thi...
Source: Oncotarget - January 6, 2017 Category: Cancer & Oncology Tags: Oncotarget Source Type: research

CD38 Mediates Angiotensin II-induced Intracellular Ca(2+) Release in Rat Pulmonary Arterial Smooth Muscle Cells.
This study sought to characterize its roles in angiotension II (Ang II)-induced Ca2+ release (AICR) in PASMCs. Examination of CD38 expression in various rat arteries found high levels of CD38 mRNA and protein in pulmonary arteries. Ang II elicited Ca2+ response consisted of extracellular Ca2+ influx and intracellular Ca2+ release in PASMCs. AICR activated in the absence of extracellular Ca2+ was reduced by pharmacological or siRNA inhibition of CD38. It was also reduced by the cADPR-antagonist 8-bromo-cADPR or ryanodine; and by the NAADP-antagonist Ned-19 or disruption of endolysosomal Ca2+ stores with the vacuolar H+-ATPa...
Source: American Journal of Respiratory Cell and Molecular Biology - July 31, 2014 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Lee S, Paudel O, Jiang Y, Yang XR, Sham JS Tags: Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol Source Type: research