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TonEBP Suppresses the HO-1 Gene by Blocking Recruitment of Nrf2 to Its Promoter
Discussion Dynamic changes in the functional phenotype of macrophages are associated with pathogenesis of inflammatory diseases (5–7). TonEBP primes macrophages toward an M1 phenotype, which has pro-inflammatory properties. TonEBP does this by promoting expression of pro-inflammatory genes via interaction with NF-κB (36) and by binding directly to the promoter (37, 64). In addition, TonEBP suppresses expression of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 by limiting chromatin access to the promoter (37). The pro-inflammatory function of TonEBP suggests that inhibiting its expression or activation could suppres...
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - April 17, 2019 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research

Rac-specific nucleotide exchange factor Asef mediates lung endothelial barrier protection by hepatocyte growth factor
This study tested the role of Asef in the HGF-induced activation of endothelial cell (EC) cytoskeletal dynamics and vascular endothelial barrier protective response in vitro and in two-hit animal model of ALI. HGF induced membrane translocation of Asef and stimulated its Rac-specific nucleotide exchange activity. Expression of constitutively activated Asef mutant mimicked effects of HGF on enhancement of peripheral actin cytoskeleton. By contrast, siRNA-induced Asef knockdown or expression of dominant negative Asef attenuated HGF-induced Rac activation which was evaluated using Rac-GTP pulldown assay and FRET analysis with...
Source: European Respiratory Journal - December 23, 2014 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Birukova, A., Tian, Y., Meng, F. Tags: 3.3 Mechanisms of Lung Injury and Repair Source Type: research