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Cancer: HER2

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Total 260 results found since Jan 2013.

Targeting of EGFR and HER2 with therapeutic antibodies and siRNA
Conclusion The epidermal growth factor receptor HER2 is a promising anti-tumor target for the therapy of glioblastoma. HER2 targeting may represent a promising strategy to induce cell physiological and radiobiological anti-tumor effects in glioblastoma.
Source: Strahlentherapie und Onkologie - January 29, 2015 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research

Epstein-Barr virus latent membrane protein 2A suppresses the expression of HER2 via a pathway involving TWIST and YB-1 in Epstein-Barr virus-associated gastric carcinomas.
Authors: Zhang YW, Zhao XX, Tan C, Zhang ZG, Jiang Y, Chen JN, Wei HB, Xue L, Li HG, Du H, Shao CK Abstract To explore HER2 expression in Epstein-Barr virus-associated gastric carcinoma (EBVaGC) and the possible mechanisms causing down-regulation of HER2 expression in EBVaGC, we first evaluated HER2 and LMP2A expression on a clinicopathological-features matched cohort including 78 EBVaGC and 216 EBV-negative gastric carcinoma (EBVnGC) cases by immunohistochemistry. Cases with high HER2 expression in EBVaGC were significantly less than in EBVnGC (5.1% versus 23.7%; p<0.001), and none of the 34 LMP2A+ EBVaGC showe...
Source: Oncotarget - November 19, 2014 Category: Cancer & Oncology Tags: Oncotarget Source Type: research

Effects of luteinizing hormone receptor signaling in prostate cancer cells
CONCLUSIONCollectively, these data demonstrate that silencing LHR expression suppresses androgen synthesis and signaling and the LH‐LHR pathway may represent a viable therapeutic strategy in PC. Prostate © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Source: The Prostate - November 12, 2014 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Shigang Xiong, Qingcai Wang, Stephen V. Liu, Robert B. Montgomery, Frank Z. Stanczyk, John G. Vallone, Noah M. Merin, Jacek Pinski Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Activation of the {alpha}6{beta}4 Integrin by Receptor Tyrosine Kinases Depends on Specific Members of the Syndecan Class of Matrix Receptors♦ Papers of the Week
♦ See referenced article, J. Biol. Chem. 2014, 289, 30318–30332 The α6β4 integrin plays an important role in epithelial cell physiology during wound healing and tumorigenesis. The activity of integrin relies on its assembly with specific receptor tyrosine kinases, but the mechanism of assembly is not known. A class of matrix receptors called syndecans has now been implicated. In this Paper of the Week, Alan C. Rapraeger and colleagues at the University of Wisconsin-Madison demonstrate that activation of the α6β4 integrin by the HER2 kinase depends on syndecan-1 binding to the cytoplasmic domain of the β4 integrin ...
Source: Journal of Biological Chemistry - October 31, 2014 Category: Chemistry Tags: Glycobiology and Extracellular Matrices Source Type: research

O2-15-2 * y-box binding protein-1 activation may modify the responses to endocrine and her2-targeted therapeutics in breast cancer
Conclusion and Discussion: Based on our basic and clinical study, YB-1 activation plays an essential role in expression of HER2/ErbB2, depending upon the absence or presence of ERα in breast cancer. The cross-talk of ERα and HER2 through activated YB-1 may thus specify biological characteristics in breast cancers luminal A, luminal B (HER2+), luminal B (HER2-), HER2 disease and triple negative. This study may propose an idea how endocrine and HER2-targeted therapeutics are mutually optimized against breast cancer.
Source: Annals of Oncology - October 19, 2014 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Kuwano, M., Shibata, T., Kawahara, A., Hattori, S., Takahashi, R., Watari, K., Murakami, Y., Izumi, H., Kage, M., Ono, M. Tags: Oral Session (Oral presentations categorized by each organ) Source Type: research

O2-15-2 * y-box binding protein-1 activation may modify the responses to endocrine and her2-targeted therapeutics in breast cancer
Conclusion and Discussion: Based on our basic and clinical study, YB-1 activation plays an essential role in expression of HER2/ErbB2, depending upon the absence or presence of ERα in breast cancer. The cross-talk of ERα and HER2 through activated YB-1 may thus specify biological characteristics in breast cancers luminal A, luminal B (HER2+), luminal B (HER2-), HER2 disease and triple negative. This study may propose an idea how endocrine and HER2-targeted therapeutics are mutually optimized against breast cancer.
Source: Annals of Oncology - October 19, 2014 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Kuwano, M., Shibata, T., Kawahara, A., Hattori, S., Takahashi, R., Watari, K., Murakami, Y., Izumi, H., Kage, M., Ono, M. Tags: Oral Session (Oral presentations categorized by each organ) Source Type: research

Examining the Protective Role of ErbB2 Modulation in Human-Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Cardiomyocytes
Human-induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-CMs) are being used as an in vitro model system in cardiac biology and in drug discovery (e.g., cardiotoxicity testing). Qualification of these cells for use in mechanistic investigations will require detailed evaluations of cardiomyocyte signaling pathways and cellular responses. ErbB signaling and the ligand neuregulin play critical roles in survival and functional integrity of cardiac myocytes. As such, we sought to characterize the expression and activity of the ErbB family of receptors. Antibody microarray analysis performed on cell lysates derived from...
Source: Toxicological Sciences - October 6, 2014 Category: Toxicology Authors: Eldridge, S., Guo, L., Mussio, J., Furniss, M., Hamre, J., Davis, M. Tags: Cardiovascular Toxicology Source Type: research

Abstract 218: MEOX-1 as a novel cancer stem cell target for treatment of trastuzumab-resistant Her2+ breast cancers
Introduction: Previous studies showed that 60-80% of Her2+ breast cancers develop Trastuzumab-resistance after one year treatment and more than 50% of Her2+ Trastuzumab-resistant breast cancers have PTEN deletion and increased populations of cancer stem cells (CSCs). The purpose of this study is to explore novel targets to regulate cancer stem cells and to test treatment option for Her2+ Trastuzumab-resistant breast cancer. Method: Trastuzumab resistance of Her2+ breast cancer cells (BT474) was induced by shRNA knockdown of PTEN and long term treatment of Trastuzumab (LTT) in comparison with Trastuzumab-sensitive BT474. Th...
Source: Cancer Research - September 30, 2014 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Sun, L., Burnett, J. P., Gasparyan, M., Korkaya, H., Jiang, H., Liu, Y., Connarn, J., Wicha, M., Sun, D. Tags: Tumor Biology Source Type: research

Abstract 820: Inhibition of Rad6 sensitizes triple negative breast cancer cells to platinum-based therapy
Treatment of triple negative breast cancers (TNBCs) poses a clinical challenge because they are not treatable with therapies targeting estrogen receptor and Her2/neu as they lack expression of estrogen, progesterone, and Her2/neu receptors. Since TNBCs share several histologic features with BRCA1-related breast cancer, and these breast cancers have aberrant DNA repair, DNA repair pathways are thought to play a role in TNBC development and drug response. Platinum (Pt)-based compounds induce toxic interstrand DNA crosslinks (ICL), the repair of which requires activities of BRCA/Fanconi anemia (FA) network and Rad6 postreplic...
Source: Cancer Research - September 30, 2014 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Haynes, B., Sanders, M., Shekhar, M. Tags: Experimental and Molecular Therapeutics Source Type: research

Abstract 1945: TORC inhibitors increase the cancer stem cell (CSC) population and Notch signaling in triple negative breast cancer
Tumor-initiating cells (TICs) or cancer stem cells (CSCs) are resistant to chemotherapy and have been associated with metastatic recurrences and poor patient outcome particularly among patients with triple negative breast cancer (TNBC). Genomic and proteomic data have indicated more than 30% of TNBC patients have PI3K/mTOR pathway lesions making this pathway a promising therapeutic target. Recent publications have demonstrated mechanisms of resistance (JAK2/STAT5 and MYC amplification) to PI3K pathway inhibitors. We hypothesized that resistance to TORC inhibition is due to the survival of a CSC population and that targetin...
Source: Cancer Research - September 30, 2014 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Bhola, N. E., Jansen, V., Arteaga, C. Tags: Tumor Biology Source Type: research

Abstract 1165: Focal adhesion kinase (FAK) mediates fibroblast-induced HER2+ breast cancer cell migration and invasion through a mechanism involving Stat3
In this study, we have investigated the metastatic responses of HER2+ breast cancer cells to fibroblasts and whether FAK is involved in these events. Conditioned medium derived from human lung fibroblast MRC-5 cells was used to stimulate Her2+ SKBr3 breast cancer cells in the presence or absence of FAK inhibitor, PF271, or after FAK gene knockdown, prior to determining changes in migration (Boyden Chamber assay), 3d matrix invasion, growth and FAK-mediated signalling. To compare the role of FAK with HER2 in these cells, the HER2 targeted agent, trastuzumab was additionally employed. Whilst fibroblast-conditioned medium (FC...
Source: Cancer Research - September 30, 2014 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Lazaro, G., Smith, C., Hiscox, S. Tags: Tumor Biology Source Type: research

Abstract 1472: The differential expression of miRNAs in breast cancer cell lines
Breast cancer is a heterogenous disease that is the second leading cause of death amongst women in the United States. Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a very aggressive subtype of breast cancer characterized by its loss of estrogen, progesterone and HER2 receptor expression which limits its targets for effective drug therapies. Micro Ribonucleic Acids (miRNAs) are a class of small, endogenous non-coding ribonucleic acids that seem to play an essential role in gene regulation. Changes in the patterns of miRNA expression profiles are serving as potential biomarkers for tumor diagnosis, prognosis of disease-specific ou...
Source: Cancer Research - September 30, 2014 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Rorie, C. J., Arrington, B. L., Godfrey, S. S., McCoy, A. S., Gurley, K. M. Tags: Molecular and Cellular Biology Source Type: research

Abstract 56: Examining the role of nm23-H1 in the metastatic profile of triple negative breast cancer (TNBC)
Conclusion: These results demonstrate the vital role that nm23-H1 plays in the inhibition of cellular invasion in TNBCs. An increase in the expression of proteins associated with motility and invasion pathways validates the role of nm23-H1 in inhibiting the metastatic profile in TNBC. As a potential molecular marker for metastatic TNBC, nm23-H1 warrants further investigation. Citation Format: Tanisha Z. McGlothen, Rachel Tobin, Tiffanie Alcaide, LaTonia Taliaferro-Smith, Tongrui Liu, Ruth O'Regan. Examining the role of nm23-H1 in the metastatic profile of triple negative breast cancer (TNBC). [abstract]. In: Proceedings of...
Source: Cancer Research - September 30, 2014 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: McGlothen, T. Z., Tobin, R., Alcaide, T., Taliaferro-Smith, L., Liu, T., O'Regan, R. Tags: Tumor Biology Source Type: research

Abstract 1821: HER3 activation by MET contributes to trastuzumab resistance in HER2-positive breast cancer
Conclusion: MET may play a key role in maintaining HER3 phosphorylation during trastuzumab treatment and resistance in HER2 positive breast cancer. Citation Format: Kenji Hashimoto, Valentine Macaulay, Anthony Kong. HER3 activation by MET contributes to trastuzumab resistance in HER2-positive breast cancer. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 1821. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-1821
Source: Cancer Research - September 30, 2014 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Hashimoto, K., Macaulay, V., Kong, A. Tags: Experimental and Molecular Therapeutics Source Type: research

Abstract 1831: Interrogating HER2+ plasticity and lapatinib resistance with MicroEnvironment MicroArrays
Treatment of HER2+ breast cancer with the targeted therapeutic lapatinib has shown promising results, but faces the major obstacles of de novo and acquired resistance in clinical use. Much of this resistance can be attributed to intratumoral heterogeneity, giving rise to drug resistant cell populations. An important factor of intratumoral heterogeneity is spatial heterogeneity of cancer cells, which results in differential contact with extra cellular matrix (ECM) proteins, stromal cells, and growth factors and signaling molecules within the tumor microenvironment. This can variably alter the intracellular signaling network...
Source: Cancer Research - September 30, 2014 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Watson, S., Korkola, J., Rantala, J., Gray, J. Tags: Experimental and Molecular Therapeutics Source Type: research