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Eleven science stories likely to make big news in 2023
As the COVID-19 pandemic enters its fourth year as a global health emergency, researchers will continue pushing to help make the disease manageable and ordinary. They will track hundreds of subvariants of Omicron, the highly transmissible but seemingly less lethal strain of SARSCoV-2 that dominated in 2022. Virologists will watch the virus’ evolution this year to see whether it has finally slowed or a more dangerous variant pops up, evading much of the immunity that humanity has built up to previous ones. Vaccine researchers hope to develop new shots that provide broad protection against a variety of coronaviruses.  Ano...
Source: ScienceNOW - January 4, 2023 Category: Science Source Type: news

Dr. Anthony Fauci Is Stepping Down. Here ’s His Advice For His Successor
After Dr. Anthony Fauci steps down as head of the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) and chief medical advisor to President Biden on Dec. 31, he’ll leave behind a long and storied career. Ahead of his last day, he spoke to TIME from his office at the National Institutes of Health about what’s next for him—and his advice for whoever fills his shoes. This interview has been edited and condensed for clarity. TIME: You’re leaving your leadership positions in the federal government, but you aren’t retiring. What are you calling the next stage in your career? [time-brightc...
Source: TIME: Health - December 20, 2022 Category: Consumer Health News Authors: Alice Park Tags: Uncategorized COVID-19 healthscienceclimate Source Type: news

Why You ’ re More Likely to Get Sick in the Winter, According to New Research
Fall and winter are traditionally boom times for respiratory viruses—a point well proven by this year’s confluence of influenza, RSV, and COVID-19. Almost 9 million people nationwide have been sickened by the flu already this season, RSV is surging among children, and COVID-19 continues to infect tens of thousands of people in the U.S. each day. But why does cold weather typically translate to cold and flu season? Experts often point to changes in human behavior—namely that chilly temperatures force people inside, where it’s easier for germs to spread. But a new study published in The Journal of All...
Source: TIME: Health - December 6, 2022 Category: Consumer Health News Authors: Jamie Ducharme Tags: Uncategorized Disease healthscienceclimate Source Type: news

Impact of universal testing and treatment on sexual risk behaviour and herpes simplex virus type 2: a prespecified secondary outcomes analysis of the HPTN 071 (PopART) community-randomised trial
Lancet HIV. 2022 Nov;9(11):e760-e770. doi: 10.1016/S2352-3018(22)00253-3.ABSTRACTBACKGROUND: Comprehensive HIV prevention strategies have raised concerns that knowledge of interventions to reduce risk of HIV infection might mitigate an individual's perception of risk, resulting in riskier sexual behaviour. We investigated the prespecified secondary outcomes of the HPTN 071 (PopART) trial to determine whether a combination HIV prevention strategy, including universal HIV testing and treatment, changed sexual behaviour; specifically, we investigated whether there was evidence of sexual risk compensation.METHODS: HPTN 071 (Po...
Source: Herpes - November 4, 2022 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Ethan Wilson Deborah Donnell Timothy Skalland Sian Floyd Ayana Moore Nomtha Bell-Mandla Justin Bwalya Nkatya Kasese Rory Dunbar Kwame Shanaube Barry Kosloff Oliver Laeyendecker Yaw Agyei Graeme Hoddinott Peter Bock Sarah Fidler Richard Hayes Helen Ayles H Source Type: research

News at a glance: Earth ’s top geological sites, cameras on sharks, and China’s space station
NATURAL HISTORY Science society lists Earth’s top ‘geoheritage’ sites The International Union of Geological Sciences last week marked its 60th anniversary by announcing a list of 100 “geoheritage” sites that have substantially influenced understanding of Earth’s deep history . The global list, released in collaboration with UNESCO, is meant to foster conservation and tourism. The sites include familiar ones, such as the Grand Canyon’s “great unconformity,” a billion-year gap in the rock record erased by erosion. More exotic examples include limestones in Germany that preserve Arc...
Source: Science of Aging Knowledge Environment - November 3, 2022 Category: Geriatrics Source Type: research

Experimental cat allergy shots provide longer-lasting relief
An experimental approach that combines cat allergy shots with a monoclonal antibody led to more effective relief that continued a year after treatment ended.
Source: NIH Research Matters from the National Institutes of Health (NIH) - October 31, 2022 Category: Consumer Health News Source Type: news

Why the U.S. Doesn ’t Have a Nasal Vaccine for COVID-19
The U.S. led the world in quickly developing COVID-19 vaccines—one of the few bright spots in the country’s otherwise criticized response. But while injectable vaccines are effective in protecting people from getting sick with COVID-19, they are less able to block infection. In order to put the pandemic behind us, the world will need a way to stop infections and spread of the virus. That’s where a different type of vaccine, one that works at the places where the virus gets into the body, will likely prove useful. Here, though, the U.S. is losing its edge. In September, India approved a nasal COVID-19 vacc...
Source: TIME: Health - October 31, 2022 Category: Consumer Health News Authors: Alice Park Tags: Uncategorized COVID-19 healthscienceclimate Source Type: news

A New Lab-Made COVID-19 Virus Puts Gain-of-Function Research Under the Microscope
On October 14, a team of scientists at Boston University released a pre-print study reporting that they had created a version of SARS-CoV-2 combining two features of different, existing strains that boosted its virulence and transmissibility. Scientists and the public raised questions about the work, which refocused attention on such experiments, and prompted the U.S. government to investigate whether the research followed protocols for these kinds of studies. The concerns surround what is known as gain-of-function studies, in which viruses, bacteria, or other pathogens are created in the lab—either intentionally or ...
Source: TIME: Science - October 27, 2022 Category: Science Authors: Alice Park Tags: Uncategorized COVID-19 Source Type: news

To thwart the next pandemic, ‘swientists’ hunt for flu viruses at U.S. hog shows
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Source: ScienceNOW - October 27, 2022 Category: Science Source Type: news

U.S. weighs crackdown on experiments that could make viruses more dangerous
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Source: ScienceNOW - October 19, 2022 Category: Science Source Type: news

Was a study that created a hybrid COVID-19 virus too risky?
The objective was to tease apart whether Omicron’s spike protein explains why it is less pathogenic (meaning it causes less severe disease). The answer could lead to improved COVID-19 diagnostic tests and better ways to manage the disease, the preprint authors say. Somewhat surprisingly, the hybrid virus killed eight of 10 infected mice, whereas mice infected with Omicron got sick but did not die. This suggests the mutations that make Omicron less pathogenic must involve changes in proteins other than the spike protein, the authors say. What are critics of the study saying? They question the scientific val...
Source: Science of Aging Knowledge Environment - October 18, 2022 Category: Geriatrics Source Type: research

St. Louis vaccine startup snags $3.6M. It expects more funding is on the way.
Omniose, a St. Louis startup focused on developing vaccines to prevent bacterial infections, has snagged $3.6 million in federal funding to advance one of its vaccine candidates. A $3.6 million grant from the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases of the U.S. National Institutes of Health (NIH) will be used by Omniose for research and development on a vaccine for Klebsiella pneumoniae, a bacteria that can cause an array of infections. For Omniose, the newly awarded grant continues …
Source: bizjournals.com Health Care:Biotechnology headlines - October 18, 2022 Category: Biotechnology Authors: Nathan Rubbelke Source Type: news

STELARA ® (ustekinumab) Demonstrated Sustained Symptomatic and Corticosteroid-Free Remission Through Four Years in Adults with Moderately to Severely Active Ulcerative Colitis
SPRING HOUSE, PENNSYLVANIA, October 10, 2022 – The Janssen Pharmaceutical Companies of Johnson & Johnson today announced final data from the long-term extension (LTE) of the Phase 3 UNIFI study demonstrating efficacy and safety of STELARA® (ustekinumab) through four years of treatment in adult patients with moderately to severely active ulcerative colitis (UC).1 Among all patients who had achieved clinical responsea with STELARA during induction, 64.9 percent were in symptomatic remissionb after 44 weeks of maintenance. At week 200 (four years), this proportion of patients was 55.2 percent; the majority (96.4 percen...
Source: Johnson and Johnson - October 10, 2022 Category: Pharmaceuticals Source Type: news

Anthony Fauci, loved and hated, plots his next move: ‘I'm not going to sit in my house’
In 1984, when Anthony Fauci took over as head of the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), his wife gave him a plant for the new office. Both the palm and the 81-year-old physician are still there, the giant plant now crowding the office of one of the most celebrated—and polarizing—scientific figures in U.S. history. But not for much longer. Fauci announced on 22 August that he would step down at the end of the year from both NIAID and his post as the chief medical adviser to President Joe Biden. “What am I going to do with this plant? It’s a monster. I can’t fit it in any other plac...
Source: ScienceNOW - September 1, 2022 Category: Science Source Type: news

Anthony Fauci, loved and hated, plots his next move: ‘I’m not going to sit in my house’
In 1984, when Anthony Fauci took over as head of the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), his wife gave him a plant for the new office. Both the palm and the 81-year-old physician are still there, the giant plant now crowding the office of one of the most celebrated—and polarizing—scientific figures in U.S. history. But not for much longer. Fauci announced on 22 August that he would step down at the end of the year from both NIAID and his post as the chief medical adviser to President Joe Biden. “What am I going to do with this plant? It’s a monster. I can’t fit it in any other plac...
Source: ScienceNOW - September 1, 2022 Category: Science Source Type: news