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Infectious Disease: HIV-Leishmania Co-infection

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Total 32 results found since Jan 2013.

Molecular detection of Wolbachia pipientis in natural populations of sandfly vectors of Leishmania infantum in endemic areas: first detection in Lutzomyia longipalpis
Medical and Veterinary Entomology,Volume 32, Issue 1, Page 111-114, March 2018.
Source: Medical and Veterinary Entomology - August 11, 2017 Category: Veterinary Research Source Type: research

Molecular screening of Leishmania spp. infection and bloodmeals in sandflies from a leishmaniasis focus in southwestern Turkey
Medical and Veterinary Entomology, Page 224-229, March 2018.
Source: Medical and Veterinary Entomology - December 2, 2016 Category: Veterinary Research Source Type: research

Tick-borne infections of animals and humans: a common ground.
Abstract A wide variety of pathogens is transmitted from ticks to vertebrates including viruses, bacteria, protozoa and helminths. of which most have a life cycle that requires passage through the vertebrate host. Tick-borne infections of humans, farm and companion animals are essentially associated with wildlife animal reservoirs. While some flying insect-borne diseases of humans such as malaria, filariasis and Kala Azar caused by Leishmania donovani target people as their main host, major tick-borne infections of humans, although potentially causing disease in large numbers of individuals, are typically an infri...
Source: International Journal for Parasitology - May 15, 2014 Category: Parasitology Authors: Baneth G Tags: Int J Parasitol Source Type: research

Molecular Detection of Leishmania in Sand Flies (Diptera: Psychodidae: Phlebotominae) Collected in the Caititu Indigenous Reserve of the Municipality of Lábrea, State of Amazonas, Brazil
Source: Journal of Medical Entomology - November 16, 2014 Category: Biology Authors: Silva, T.R.R.Assis, M.D.G.Freire, M. P.Rego, F. D.Gontijo, C.M.F.Shimabukuro, P.H.F. Tags: Vector-Borne Diseases, Surveillance, Prevention Source Type: research

Geographic distribution of phlebotomine sandfly species (Diptera: Psychodidae) in Central-West Brazil.
This study updates the geographic distributions of phlebotomine species in Central-West Brazil and analyses the climatic factors associated with their occurrence. The data were obtained from the entomology services of the state departments of health in Central-West Brazil, scientific collections and a literature review of articles from 1962-2014. Ecological niche models were produced for sandfly species with more than 20 occurrences using the Maxent algorithm and eight climate variables. In all, 2,803 phlebotomine records for 127 species were analysed. Nyssomyia whitmani, Evandromyia lenti and Lutzomyia longipalpis were th...
Source: Memorias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz - May 26, 2015 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Almeida PS, Andrade AJ, Sciamarelli A, Raizer J, Menegatti JA, Hermes SC, Carvalho MD, Gurgel-Gonçalves R Tags: Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz Source Type: research

Life history of the sand fly vector Lutzomyia cruciata in laboratory conditions
Abstract Lutzomyia cruciata Coquillet (Diptera: Psychodidae: Phlebotominae) is a potential vector of Leishmania sp.; its geographical distribution in Mexico is widespread, but its life history is unknown. The present study gives relevant information on the life cycle, morphology, survival and reproduction of Lu. cruciata observed over successive generations under laboratory conditions. Seven successive generations were produced. A total of 975 adults were obtained in a sexual proportion of 1.1 : 1 (female : male). Each Lu. cruciata female produced 20.7 eggs and 1.9 adults, approximately, with a proportion of eggs p...
Source: Medical and Veterinary Entomology - June 1, 2015 Category: Veterinary Research Authors: A. CASTILLO, A. K. SERRANO, O. F. MIKERY, J. PÉREZ Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Rotation of male genitalia in various species of phlebotomine sandfly
Abstract Phlebotomine sandflies, vectors of Leishmania (Kinetoplastida: Trypanosomatidae) parasites that affect millions of people worldwide, breed in terrestrial biotopes. As immature stages are rarely accessible, the detection of their natural breeding sites is primarily based on findings of juvenile males with unrotated external genitalia. In males, permanent 180° rotation on the longitudinal body axis occurs soon after eclosion; however, no study has as yet addressed this aspect in detail. The present study describes the timing and duration of the rotation of male external genitalia in eight highly medically important...
Source: Medical and Veterinary Entomology - June 1, 2015 Category: Veterinary Research Authors: J. VOTÝPKA, M. PAVLASOVA, V. VOLFOVA, P. VOLF Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Isolation of a Wickerhamomyces anomalus yeast strain from the sandfly Phlebotomus perniciosus, displaying the killer phenotype
Abstract The yeast Wickerhamomyces anomalus has been studied for its wide biotechnological potential, mainly for applications in the food industry. Different strains of W. anomalus have been isolated from diverse habitats and recently from insects, including mosquitoes of medical importance. This paper reports the isolation and phylogenetic characterization of W. anomalus from laboratory‐reared adults and larvae of Phlebotomus perniciosus (Diptera: Psychodidae), a main phlebotomine vector of human and canine leishmaniasis. Of 65 yeast strains isolated from P. perniciosus, 15 strains were identified as W. anomalus; one of...
Source: Medical and Veterinary Entomology - November 7, 2015 Category: Veterinary Research Authors: E. MARTIN, G. BONGIORNO, L. GIOVATI, M. MONTAGNA, E. CROTTI, C. DAMIANI, L. GRADONI, L. POLONELLI, I. RICCI, G. FAVIA, S. EPIS Tags: Short Communication Source Type: research

Experimental Infection of Lutzomyia (Nyssomyia) whitmani (Diptera: Psychodidae: Phlebotominae) With Leishmania (Viannia) braziliensis and Leishmania (L.) amazonensis, Etiological Agents of American Tugumentary Leishmaniasis
Leishmania (L.) amazonensis (Lainson & Shaw, 1972) and Leishmania (Viannia) braziliensis (Vianna, 1911) are the principal causative agents of American tegumentary leishmaniasis (ATL) in Brazil. L. amazonensis also causes diffuse cutaneous leishmaniasis (DCL) vectored principally by Lutzomyia flaviscutellata and secondarily by Lutzomyia whitmani (Antunes & Coutinho, 1939). The latter is the most common phlebotomine in the state of Maranhão, and it is the focal species for potential ATL transmission. For this reason, we tested the ability of L. whitmani to become infected with Lutzomyia parasites. Phlebotomine...
Source: Journal of Medical Entomology - January 12, 2016 Category: Biology Authors: Fonteles, R. S., Filho, A. A. P., Moraes, J. L. P., Kuppinger, O., Rebelo, J. M. M. Tags: Short Communications Source Type: research

Hemocytes of Rhipicephalus sanguineus (Acari: Ixodidae): Characterization, Population Abundance, and Ultrastructural Changes Following Challenge with Leishmania infantum
Few studies have examined the cellular immune response of ticks, and further research on the characterization of the hemocytes of ticks is required, particularly on those of Rhipicephalus sanguineus (Latreille) because of the medical and veterinary importance of this tick. The aims of this study were to characterize the morphology and the ultrastructure of the different types of hemocytes of adult R. sanguineus and to determine the population abundance and the ultrastructural changes in the hemocytes of ticks infected with Leishmania infantum. The hemocytes were characterized through light and transmission electron microsc...
Source: Journal of Medical Entomology - November 5, 2015 Category: Biology Authors: Feitosa, A. P. S., Alves, L. C., Chaves, M. M., Veras, D. L., Silva, E. M., Alianca, A. S. S., Franca, I. R. S., Goncalves, G. G. A., Lima-Filho, J. L., Brayner, F. A. Tags: Arthropod/Host Interaction, Immunity Source Type: research

The Development of Leishmania tropica in Sand Flies (Diptera: Psychodidae): A Comparison of Colonies Differing in Geographical Origin and a Gregarine Coinfection
Phlebotomus sergenti Parrot, 1917 is the main vector of Leishmania tropica; however, its broad geographical range and molecular heterogeneity suggest possible variability in vector competence. We infected laboratory-reared P. sergenti originating from Turkey and Israel to compare their susceptibility to L. tropica. In both tested groups, heavy late-stage infections with the presence of metacyclic forms and colonization of the stomodeal valve were observed. The similar development of Leishmania in both sand fly colonies indicates that the different geographical origin of P. sergenti is not reflected by a different vect...
Source: Journal of Medical Entomology - November 5, 2015 Category: Biology Authors: Jancarova, M., Hlavacova, J., Volf, P. Tags: Short Communications Source Type: research

Entomological Survey for Sand Fly Fauna in Imamoglu Province (Cutaneous Leishmaniasis Endemic Region) of Adana, Turkey
Leishmaniasis, presenting in two clinical forms, cutaneous and visceral in Turkey, is widespread in most of the countries in the Mediterranean Basin. An average of 10 to 13% of cases are reported from Adana every year. This paper presents the results of an entomological survey in an endemic focus of cutaneous leishmaniasis in Imamoglu province of Adana in Turkey. We collected 654 sand fly specimen using 100 light traps in 20 nights in August 2013 and July 2014. Several keys and previous drawings were used in the identification of the species. In total, six Phlebotomus species were identified; Phlebotomus tobbi (50.3%), Phl...
Source: Journal of Medical Entomology - September 11, 2015 Category: Biology Authors: Kavur, H., Eroglu, F., Evyapan, G., Demirkazik, M., Alptekin, D., Koltas, I. S. Tags: Morphology, Systematics, Evolution Source Type: research

Ecological Aspects of Phlebotomine Sand Flies (Diptera, Psychodidae, Phlebotominae) in Areas of American Cutaneous Leishmaniasis, in the Municipality of Paraty, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. I-Index of Abundance by Location and Type of Capture
The description of the first and autochthonous case of diffuse cutaneous leishmaniasis in the municipality of Paraty, State of Rio de Janeiro, brought the interest of this study. Sand flies were captured over a 3-yr period. Using manual suction tubes, sand flies were collected from the inner and outer walls of homes, in the living spaces of domestic animals, and in Shannon light traps, which were set up outside homes and in the forest. CDC light traps were installed inside homes, around the exterior of the houses, and along the divide and within the forest. A total of 102,937 sand flies were collected, representing 23 spec...
Source: Journal of Medical Entomology - September 11, 2015 Category: Biology Authors: Vieira, V. R., Azevedo, A. C. R., Alves, J. R. C., Guimaraes, A. E., Aguiar, G. M. Tags: Population and Community Ecology Source Type: research

Alternative Method for the Mass Rearing of Lutzomyia (Lutzomyia) cruzi (Diptera: Psychodidae) in a Laboratory Setting
The understanding of the transmission dynamics of Leishmania spp. Ross as well as the epidemiology and spread of leishmaniasis is related to parasite–vector–host interactions. These interactions can be studied using specimens of a sand fly population reared in the laboratory, exposing individuals to experimental infection for the investigation of vector competence and parameters of the vectorial capacity of the species. The present study sought to describe an alternative method for the implantation of a Lutzomyia (Lutzomyia) cruzi colony with wild specimens captured in the municipality of Corumbá, Brazil...
Source: Journal of Medical Entomology - September 11, 2015 Category: Biology Authors: Oliveira, E. F., Fernandes, W. S., Oshiro, E. T., Oliveira, A. G., Galati, E. A. B. Tags: Population Biology/Genetics Source Type: research