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Nutrition: Carbohydrates
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Fermentation patterns of prebiotics fructooligosaccharides-SCFA esters inoculated with fecal microbiota from ulcerative colitis patients
In this study, esters formed by binding of well-known prebiotics, fructooligosaccharides (FOS), with short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) via both enzymatic and chemical methods were evaluated for their impact on the gut microbiota of UC patients. An in vitro human colonic fermentation model was employed to monitor changes in total carbohydrates and SCFAs production during the fermentation of these esters by microbiota from patients with active and remission UC. The results showed that pronounced abundance of [Ruminococcus]_gnavus_group, Escherichia_Shigella, Lachnoclostridium, Klebsiella and other potential pathogens were dete...
Source: Food and Chemical Toxicology - August 31, 2023 Category: Food Science Authors: Weiwen Chen Diming Tan Zixin Yang Jian Tang Weibin Bai Lingmin Tian Source Type: research
Glycemic variability and hypoglycemia before and after Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass and Sleeve Gastrectomy - A cohort study of females without diabetes
CONCLUSIONS: The lower IG concentration in combination with the higher GV after surgery, might create a lower margin to hypoglycemia. This could help explain the increased occurrence of hypoglycemic episodes after RYGB and SG.PMID:37652806 | DOI:10.1016/j.soard.2023.07.008
Source: Surgery for Obesity and Related Diseases : official journal of the American Society for Bariatric Surgery - August 31, 2023 Category: Surgery Authors: Inger Nilsen Magnus Sundbom Johanna Osterberg Anna Laurenius Agneta Andersson Arvo Haenni Source Type: research
Carbohydrate flow through agricultural ecosystems: Implications for synthesis and microbial conversion of carbohydrates
Biotechnol Adv. 2023 Aug 29:108245. doi: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2023.108245. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTCarbohydrates are chemically and structurally diverse biomolecules, serving numerous and varied roles in agricultural ecosystems. Crops and horticulture products are inherent sources of carbohydrates that are consumed by humans and non-human animals alike; however carbohydrates are also present in other agricultural materials, such as soil and compost, human and animal tissues, milk and dairy products, and honey. The biosynthesis, modification, and flow of carbohydrates within and between agricultural ecosystems is inti...
Source: Biotechnology Advances - August 31, 2023 Category: Biotechnology Authors: Kristin E Low Jeffrey P Tingley Leeann Klassen Marissa L King Xiaohui Xing Caitlin Watt Shelley E R Hoover Monika Gorzelak D Wade Abbott Source Type: research
Fermentation patterns of prebiotics fructooligosaccharides-SCFA esters inoculated with fecal microbiota from ulcerative colitis patients
In this study, esters formed by binding of well-known prebiotics, fructooligosaccharides (FOS), with short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) via both enzymatic and chemical methods were evaluated for their impact on the gut microbiota of UC patients. An in vitro human colonic fermentation model was employed to monitor changes in total carbohydrates and SCFAs production during the fermentation of these esters by microbiota from patients with active and remission UC. The results showed that pronounced abundance of [Ruminococcus]_gnavus_group, Escherichia_Shigella, Lachnoclostridium, Klebsiella and other potential pathogens were dete...
Source: Food and Chemical Toxicology - August 31, 2023 Category: Food Science Authors: Weiwen Chen Diming Tan Zixin Yang Jian Tang Weibin Bai Lingmin Tian Source Type: research
Cellulose dissolution and regeneration behavior via DBU-levulinic acid solvents
In this study, four new cellulose solvents were designed using inexpensive levulinic acid (LevA) and 1,8-diazabicyclo [5,4,0] undec-7-ene (DBU) as raw materials. The results showed that the prepared DBU-LevA-2 solvent was able to dissolve up to 7 wt% of bamboo cellulose (DP = 860) and 16 wt% of microcrystalline cellulose (DP = 280) at 100 °C and regenerated without derivatization. Also, the molar ratio of each component of this solvent has a significant effect on the dissolution properties of cellulose. The regenerated cellulose had the typical crystalline characteristics of cellulose II. Subsequently, the interactions an...
Source: International Journal of Biological Macromolecules - August 30, 2023 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Yuhui Ci Tianying Chen Feiyun Li Xuejun Zou Yanjun Tang Source Type: research
Molecular docking and dynamics of a dextranase derived from Penicillium cyclopium CICC-4022
This study aimed to investigate the recognition mechanism of dextranase (PC-Edex) produced by Penicillium cyclopium CICC-4022 on dextran. Whole genome information of P. cyclopium CICC-4022 was obtained through genome sequencing technology. The coding information of PC-Edex was determined based on the annotation of the protein-coding genes using protein databases. The three-dimensional structure of PC-Edex was obtained via homology modelling. The active site and binding free energy between PC-Edex and dextran were calculated by molecular docking and molecular dynamics techniques. The results showed that the total sequence l...
Source: International Journal of Biological Macromolecules - August 30, 2023 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Yirui Zhang Donghui Zhang Mei Li Qin Qin Yuhui Jin Yan Fang Guoliang Sun Source Type: research
The Effects of an Acute Dose of New Zealand Blackcurrant Extract on 5-km Running Performance
This study investigated the effects of an acute dose (900 mg) of New Zealand Blackcurrant (NZBC) extract on 5-km running performance, alongside associated physiological and metabolic responses. Sixteen trained male runners (age 26 ± 5 years, stature 173.4 ± 7.3 cm, body mass 73.7 ± 6.9 kg, maximal oxygen consumption [V˙O2max] 55.4 ± 6.1 ml·kg-1·min-1) ingested either capsules containing NZBC extract (3 × 300 mg CurraNZ, 315 mg anthocyanins) or a matched placebo (3 × 300 mg gluten-free flour) 2 hr before exercise in a double-blind, randomized, crossover design. Performance time, physiological, and metabolic respons...
Source: International Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism - August 30, 2023 Category: Sports Medicine Authors: Samantha L Moss Edward Brindley Kevin Enright Jamie Highton Richard Bott Source Type: research
