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Specialty: Allergy & Immunology

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Total 749 results found since Jan 2013.

Hirudin alleviates acute ischemic stroke by inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome-mediated neuroinflammation: In vivo and in vitro approaches
In this study, hirudin with a dose of 10-40 mg/kg was given to middle cerebral artery occlusion/reperfusion mice. Hirudin markedly constrained cerebral infarct area in a dose-dependent manner, and significantly improved locomotor disability at 40 mg/kg dose. Similar to MCC950, a selective NLRP3 inflammasome inhibitor, hirudin inhibited M1 polarization and promoted M2 polarization. It also strikingly suppressed the ischemia-induced overexpression of NLRP3 and its downstream components, caspase-1, apoptosis-associated speck-like protein (ASC), and interleukin-1β (IL-1β). Hirudin and MCC950 equivalently protected viability ...
Source: International Immunopharmacology - June 20, 2022 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Wen-Qi Li Zong-Shi Qin Shuang Chen Dan Cheng Si-Chang Yang Yuen Man Mandy Choi Buggic Chu Wei-Hai Zhou Zhang-Jin Zhang Source Type: research

Neuroinflammation and brain –peripheral interaction in ischemic stroke: A narrative review
Excessive immune activation within the lesion site can be observed after stroke onset. Such neuroinflammation within the brain parenchyma represents the innate immune response, as well as the result of the additional interactions between peripheral and resident immune cells. Accumulative studies have illustrated that the pathological process of ischemic stroke is associated with resident and peripheral immunity. The infiltration of peripheral immune cells within the brain parenchyma implicitly contributes to secondary brain injuries. Therefore, better understanding of the roles of resident and peripheral immune reactions t...
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - January 5, 2023 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research

Ginkgo biloba extract (EGb-761) confers neuroprotection against ischemic stroke by augmenting autophagic/lysosomal signaling pathway
Ginkgo biloba extract (EGb-761) is well-recognized to have neuroprotective properties. Meanwhile, autophagy machinery is extensively involved in the pathophysiological processes of ischemic stroke. The EGb-761 is widely used in the clinical treatment of stroke patients. However, its neuroprotective mechanisms against ischemic stroke are still not fully understood. The present study was conducted to uncover whether the pharmacological effects of EGb-761 can be executed by modulation of the autophagic/lysosomal signaling axis.
Source: Journal of Neuroimmunology - May 4, 2023 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Rui Zang, Fayang Ling, Zhiyuan Wu, Jun Sun, Licong Yang, Zuyin Lv, Nengbo Ji Source Type: research

TREM2, microglial and ischemic stroke
Ischemic stroke (IS) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Immunity and inflammation are key factors in the pathophysiology of IS. The inflammatory response is involved in all stages of stroke, and microglia are the predominant cells involved in the post-stroke inflammatory response. Resident microglia are the main immune cells of the brain and the first line of defense of the nervous system. After IS, activated microglia can be both advantageous and detrimental to surrounding tissue; they can be divided into the harmful M1 types or the neuro-protective M2 type.
Source: Journal of Neuroimmunology - May 15, 2023 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Hongxia Wang, Xiaoling Li, Qi Wang, Jialiang Ma, Xiaohong Gao, Manxia Wang Tags: Review Article Source Type: research

Neuroinflammation and peripheral immunity: Focus on ischemic stroke
Int Immunopharmacol. 2023 May 28;120:110332. doi: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.110332. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTIschemic stroke (IS) produces a powerful inflammatory cascade in the brain, resulting in the occurrence of neuroinflammation. Neuroinflammation is triggered not only by resident immune cells, but also by neutrophils, macrophages, and T lymphocytes infiltrating the peripheral immune system. The disruption of the blood-brain barrier appears to exacerbate inflammatory infiltrates after IS. In turn, IS also has effects on peripheral immunity, manifested as peripheral immunosuppression syndrome, which increases the risk...
Source: International Immunopharmacology - May 30, 2023 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Huiqing Wang Shenyang Zhang Lili Xie Zhe Zhong Fuling Yan Source Type: research

Cytotoxic function of CD8+ T lymphocytes isolated from patients with acute severe cerebral infarction: an assessment of stroke-induced immunosuppression
This study was conducted to evaluate cytotoxic function of CD8+ T lymphocytes isolated from patients with acute severe cerebral infarction. In order to determine role of immune system in stroke, peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were taken and cytotoxic function of CD8+ T lymphocytes were induced by virus peptides and cells were analyzed on a four-color flow cytometer. Expression of CD107a, intracellular expression of interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), and cell proliferation assay were analyzed by using carboxyl fluorescein diacetate succinimidyl ester (CFSE). Results: A tota...
Source: BMC Immunology - January 3, 2013 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Gang LiXin WangLi-hong HuangYue WangJun-jie HaoXia GeXiao-yun Xu Source Type: research

Prognostic value of blood interleukin-6 in the prediction of functional outcome after stroke: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Abstract: We aimed to quantify the association of blood interleukin-6 (IL-6) concentrations with poor outcome after stroke and its added predictive value over clinical information. Meta-analysis of 24 studies confirmed this association with a weighted mean difference of 3.443 (1.592–5.294) pg/mL, despite high heterogeneity and publication bias. Individual participant data including 4112 stroke patients showed standardized IL-6 levels in the 4th quartile were independently associated with poor outcome (OR=2.346 (1.814–3.033), p
Source: Journal of Neuroimmunology - August 4, 2014 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Alejandro Bustamante, Tomás Sobrino, Dolors Giralt, Teresa García-Berrocoso, Victor Llombart, Iratxe Ugarriza, Marc Espadaler, Noelia Rodríguez, Cathie Sudlow, Mar Castellanos, Craig J. Smith, Manuel Rodríguez-Yánez, Ulrike Waje-Andreassen, David Tan Tags: Clinical Neuroimmunology Source Type: research

Piperlonguminine is neuroprotective in experimental rat stroke.
In this study, we investigated the effects of PE on cultured neuronal cell line, SH-SY5Y in vitro and experimental rat ischemic stroke in vivo. For oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) stimulated SH-SY5Y cell line in vitro, SH-SY5Y cells were incubated with PE. In vivo, rats were subjected to middle cerebral artery occlusion (MACO) for 1h, followed by reperfusion for 23h. The results of this study showed that treatment of SH-SY5Y cells with PE reduced the OGD-induced cytotoxicity and apoptosis and blocked TNF-α-induced activation of NF-κB and MAPK. Intraperitoneal injection of PE (2.4mg/...
Source: International Immunopharmacology - September 22, 2014 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Yang T, Sun S, Wang T, Tong X, Bi J, Wang Y, Sun Z Tags: Int Immunopharmacol Source Type: research

The risk of ischemic stroke in major rheumatic disorders
Rheumatic disorders (RD) are a range of conditions associated with inflammation of joints and connective tissue. They can manifest beyond the musculoskeletal system. Recent focus has been placed on the association of ischemic stroke with these conditions. Traditional vascular risk factors seem to be more prevalent in patients with certain types of RD than in the general population, but these factors do not fully explain the enhanced vascular risk in this population. Four major RD will be discussed in terms of their relationship with ischemic stroke: rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, ankylosing spondylitis...
Source: Journal of Neuroimmunology - September 20, 2014 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Réza Behrouz Tags: Review article Source Type: research

Effect of monomethyl-fumarate on experimental stroke
Activation of the cytoprotective Nrf2 pathway has been shown to be beneficial in experimental stroke. Dimethyl-fumarate (DMF) activates the Nrf2 pathway through its active metabolite monomethyl-fumarate (MMF). DMF has been recently registered as an oral treatment of multiple sclerosis. Considering that novel treatment acting through the Nrf2 pathway is already available in clinical practice, here we investigated if MMF given intravenously protects against experimental stroke.
Source: Journal of Neuroimmunology - October 15, 2014 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: , Bettina H. Clausen, Bente Finsen, Helle H. Nielsen, Louise Lundberg, Kate L. Lambertsen Tags: 333 Source Type: research

TRPM2 cation channel regulates detrimental immune cell invasion in ischemic stroke
Following neuronal apoptosis during ischemic stroke, local and systemic inflammation ensues. Invading neutrophils and macrophages seem to be the major contributors to an exacerbated tissue damage. Brain injury during stroke results in oxidative stress and the release of various factors that include extracellular Ca2+, hydrogen peroxide, adenosine diphosphate ribose, and nicotinic acid adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NAADP). These alterations of the extracellular milieu change the activity of transient receptor potential melastatin subfamily member 2 (TRPM2), a non-selective cation channel highly expressed not only in resid...
Source: Journal of Neuroimmunology - October 15, 2014 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: , Nico Melzer, Benjamin Schattling, Eva Göb, Gordon Hicking, Priyadharshini Arunachalam, Stefan Bittner, Friederike Ufer, Alexander M. Herrmann, Christian Bernreuther, Markus Glatzel, Christian Gerloff, Christoph Kleinschnitz, Sven G. Meuth, Manuel A. Fr Tags: 135 Source Type: research

Dynamic changes of proinflammatory biomarkers in the acute phase of ischemic stroke predict outcome and correlate with changes in the -arginine pathway
Here, we prospectively investigated (i) serial changes in the levels of 12 biomarkers in 76 patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS); (ii) their role to predict post-stroke infection, death and functional outcome; (ii) and compared to 44 patients suffering from asymptomatic severe carotid stenosis (70–100%, ACS) and 66 patients with Parkinson disease (PD).
Source: Journal of Neuroimmunology - October 15, 2014 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: , Tihamer Molnar, Viktoria Papp, Gergely Feher, Norbert Kovacs, Laszlo Szapary, Birgit Debradant, Gabriella Pusch Tags: 352 Source Type: research

Selective modulation of microglia polarization to M2 phenotype for stroke treatment.
Abstract Resident microglia are the major immune cells in the brain, acting as the first defense of the central nervous system. Following cerebral ischemia, microglia respond to this injury at first and transform from surveying microglia to active state. The activated microglia play a dual role in the ischemic injury, due to distinct microglia phenotypes, including deleterious M1 and neuroprotective M2. However, microglia show transient M2 phenotype followed by a shift to M1. The high ratio of M1 to M2 is significantly related to ischemic injury. Many signal pathways participate in the alternation of microglial ph...
Source: International Immunopharmacology - February 19, 2015 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Xia CY, Zhang S, Gao Y, Wang ZZ, Chen NH Tags: Int Immunopharmacol Source Type: research

Aquaporin-4 autoantibodies increase vasogenic edema formation and infarct size in a rat stroke model
Background: Neuromyelitis optica (NMO) is an autoimmune disorder of the central nervous system, which is characterized by autoantibodies directed against the water channel aquaporin-4 (AQP4). As one of the main water regulators in the central nervous system, APQ4 is supposed to be involved in the dynamics of brain edema. Cerebral edema seriously affects clinical outcome after ischemic stroke; we therefore aimed to investigate whether NMO-antibodies may exert the same functional effects as an AQP4-inhibitor in-vivo in acute ischemic stroke. Methods: Sixteen male Wistar rats were randomized into two groups twice receiving ei...
Source: BMC Immunology - May 20, 2015 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Martin JuenemannTobias BraunSimone DoengesMax NedelmannClemens MuellerGeorg BachmannPratibha SinghFranz BlaesTibo GerrietsMarlene Tschernatsch Source Type: research

Promiscuity of Autoimmune Responses to MBP after Stroke
In this study we examined Th1 and Th17 immune responses to rat myelin basic protein (MBP), bovine MBP, human MBP, MBP 68-86, MBP 63-81 and ovalbumin in Lewis rats to determine which MBP antigen is recognized following ischemic brain injury. Responses were compared to animals immunized to rat MBP. Data show that immune responses following immunization with rat MBP are promiscuous with cross reaction to MBP from other species. After stroke, few animals develop Th1 or Th17 responses to MBP, but when those responses occur, especially Th1 responses to rat MBP in brain, they are predictive of worse stroke outcome.
Source: Journal of Neuroimmunology - May 28, 2015 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Dannielle Zierath, Allison Kunze, Leia Fecteau, Kyra Becker Source Type: research