Filtered By:
Specialty: Addiction

This page shows you your search results in order of relevance. This is page number 11.

Order by Relevance | Date

Total 220 results found since Jan 2013.

Cocaine and acute vascular diseases.
Authors: De Giorgi A, Fabbian F, Pala M, Bonetti F, Babini I, Bagnaresi I, Manfredini F, Portaluppi F, Mikhailidis DP, Manfredini R Abstract Cocaine is one of the most widely used drugs of abuse. Chest pain is the most common side effect requiring emergency visits after cocaine use. Vasoconstriction and platelet activation are the main effects of cocaine in the vasculature. In this brief review, we consider the most important clinical effects of cocaine abuse on the heart, brain and kidney. Symptoms related to cocaine toxicity such as myocardial infarction, congestive heart failure, arrhythmias, aortic dissection, ...
Source: Current Drug Abuse Reviews - November 14, 2014 Category: Addiction Tags: Curr Drug Abuse Rev Source Type: research

"Pictures Don't Lie, Seeing Is Believing": Exploring Attitudes to the Introduction of Pictorial Warnings on Cigarette Packs in Ghana
Conclusions: Warning labels combining pictures and text have the potential to reduce smoking uptake, increase quit attempts, and reduce smoking appeal among smokers and nonsmokers in Ghana. Measures to prevent single stick sales, or to promote health messages to purchasers of single sticks, are required.
Source: Nicotine and Tobacco Research - November 24, 2014 Category: Addiction Authors: Singh, A., Owusu-Dabo, E., Britton, J., Munafo, M. R., Jones, L. L. Tags: Original Investigation Source Type: research

Chronic diseases and conditions related to alcohol use.
Authors: Shield KD, Parry C, Rehm J Abstract Alcohol consumption is a risk factor for many chronic diseases and conditions. The average volume of alcohol consumed, consumption patterns, and quality of the alcoholic beverages consumed likely have a causal impact on the mortality and morbidity related to chronic diseases and conditions. Twenty-five chronic disease and condition codes in the International Classification of Disease (ICD)-10 are entirely attributable to alcohol, and alcohol plays a component-risk role in certain cancers, other tumors, neuropsychiatric conditions, and numerous cardiovascular and digestiv...
Source: Alcohol Research - November 25, 2014 Category: Addiction Tags: Alcohol Res Source Type: research

Prescription opioid use is associated with increased mortality in the reasons for geographic and racial differences in stroke study
Aims: Prescription opioid use (POU) for chronic non-malignant pain has increased in the US over the last decade. Previous research has demonstrated increased mortality related to POU overdose or abuse but population-based studies have not examined the relationship between POU and all cause mortality (ACM), adjusting for a variety of underlying chronic conditions as well as levels of chronic pain, which was the purpose of this study.
Source: Drug and Alcohol Dependence - December 18, 2014 Category: Addiction Authors: Yulia Khodneva, Paul Muntner, Stefan Kertesz, George Howard, Monika Safford Source Type: research

Does comparing alcohol use along a single dimension obscure within-group differences? Investigating men's hazardous drinking by sexual orientation and race/ethnicity
Frequent or high-volume alcohol consumption (i.e., heavy drinking) has long been an important public health concern as it has been associated with increased risk of gastrointestinal disease, some cancers, stroke, and cognitive impairment (Boffetta and Hashibe, 2006; Meyerhoff et al., 2005; Thakker, 1998). Heavy drinking may also exert indirectly harmful effects through associations with inter-personal violence (Caetano et al., 2001; Lipsky et al., 2005; Testa et al., 2003), motor-vehicle crashes (Blomberg et al., 2009; Hingson and Winter, 2003; Peck et al., 2008; Zador et al., 2000), and risky sexual behaviors (Bimbi et al...
Source: Drug and Alcohol Dependence - March 22, 2015 Category: Addiction Authors: Paul A. Gilbert, Jason Daniel-Ulloa, Kerith J. Conron Tags: Full length article Source Type: research

Ibudilast reverses the decrease in the synaptic signaling protein phosphatidylethanolamine-binding protein 1 (PEBP1) produced by chronic methamphetamine intake in rats*
Methamphetamine is a potent psychostimulant drug which has been gaining popularity worldwide (United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime, 2009). From a pathological standpoint, chronic methamphetamine abuse has devastating effects on the neural system and predisposes people to movement disorders, stroke, seizures, aggressiveness, memory deficits, and psychosis (Hsieh et al., 2014; Panenka et al., 2013; Yamamoto et al., 2010). These changes can remain for years after discontinued use and may reflect risk factors for relapse (Grant et al., 2012; Scott et al., 2007).
Source: Drug and Alcohol Dependence - April 29, 2015 Category: Addiction Authors: Sergios Charntikov, Steven T. Pittenger, Ishwor Thapa, Dhundy R. Bastola, Rick A. Bevins, Gurudutt Pendyala Tags: Full length article Source Type: research

Cigarette Smoking and Alcohol use as Predictors of Disability Retirement: A Population-Based Cohort Study
Tobacco use and excess alcohol consumption are both risk factors for several chronic diseases. Tobacco use is a leading preventable risk factor for premature mortality (World Health Organization (WHO), 2009), accounting for 18% of deaths in high-income countries (WHO, 2009a,b), and being second only to high blood pressure globally (9% vs. 13% of deaths, respectively). Smoking raises the risk of chronic diseases such as heart disease, diabetes and cancers (WHO, 2009a,b). Compared to never smokers, smokers have a 25-fold risk of death due to Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD), a 2.5-fold risk due to ischemic heart ...
Source: Drug and Alcohol Dependence - August 10, 2015 Category: Addiction Authors: Tellervo Korhonen, Eero Smeds, Karri Silventoinen, Kauko Heikkilä, Jaakko Kaprio Tags: Full length article Source Type: research

Effects of Chronic Alcohol Exposure on the Modulation of Ischemia‐Induced Glutamate Release via Cannabinoid Receptors in the Dorsal Hippocampus
ConclusionsTogether, these findings suggest that loss of expression/function of CB1 receptors, but not CB2 receptors in the DH, is correlated with the enhancement of ischemia‐induced glutamate release after prolonged alcohol withdrawal.
Source: Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research - September 1, 2015 Category: Addiction Authors: Lei Zheng, Xiaoda Wu, Xiao Dong, Xinli Ding, Cunfeng Song Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Effects of Chronic Alcohol Exposure on the Modulation of Ischemia-Induced Glutamate Release via Cannabinoid Receptors in the Dorsal Hippocampus.
CONCLUSIONS: Together, these findings suggest that loss of expression/function of CB1 receptors, but not CB2 receptors in the DH, is correlated with the enhancement of ischemia-induced glutamate release after prolonged alcohol withdrawal. PMID: 26343919 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Alcoholism, Clinical and Experimental Research - September 7, 2015 Category: Addiction Authors: Zheng L, Wu X, Dong X, Ding X, Song C Tags: Alcohol Clin Exp Res Source Type: research

Immediate and Complex Cardiovascular Adaptation to an Acute Alcohol Dose.
CONCLUSIONS: A dose of alcohol quickly invoked multiple cardiovascular responses, possibly as an adaptive reaction to the acute pharmacological challenge. Future studies should assess how exposure to alcohol acutely disrupts or dissociates typically integrated neurocardiac functions. PMID: 26614647 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Alcoholism, Clinical and Experimental Research - November 28, 2015 Category: Addiction Authors: Buckman JF, Eddie D, Vaschillo EG, Vaschillo B, Garcia A, Bates ME Tags: Alcohol Clin Exp Res Source Type: research

Excessive alcohol consumption increases mortality in later life: a genetic analysis of the health in men cohort study
Abstract We designed this cohort study of men aged 70–89 years to determine if excessive alcohol use increases mortality. They reported history of alcohol use (never, past, ≤ two daily drinks, two to four daily drinks, four to six daily drinks, > six daily drinks) and donated a blood sample in 2001–2004. We determined the ADH1B rs1229984 G>A polymorphism and retrieved mortality data from the Western Australian Data Linkage System. Other study measures included age, education, body mass index, smoking, and history of hypertension, diabetes, chronic respiratory diseases, coronary heart disease and stroke. Of th...
Source: Addiction Biology - September 1, 2015 Category: Addiction Authors: Osvaldo P. Almeida, Kieran McCaul, Graeme J. Hankey, Bu B. Yeap, Jonathan Golledge, Leon Flicker Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Statement on new CMO guidelines on low risk drinking
Alcohol Research UK welcomes the new guidelines by the UK Chief Medical Officers and calls for a public debate to increase understanding on the levels of risk associated with alcohol consumption. Alcohol Research UK welcomes the new CMO guidelines on low-risk drinking, which are strongly informed by recent research on the health effects of alcohol consumption at all levels. The evidence of the association between alcohol and cancer has become stronger in recent years and shows that some cancer risks start to increase with any amount of alcohol consumption – though those risks are usually low to start with.  Acknowle...
Source: Alcohol Research UK - January 8, 2016 Category: Addiction Authors: Julie Symes Tags: News guidelines risk risk factors Source Type: news

Perceived Health Risks of Snus and Medicinal Nicotine Products
Conclusions: Among smokers seeking an alternative to smoking in a clinic setting, PHR of a product changes after product use but may not be related to product use patterns. Implications: PHRs of snus or medicinal nicotine in smokers assigned to these products become more accurate after product use. PHR does not appear to be associated with patterns of product use; rather satisfaction with a product is a better indicator as to whether a smoker is compliant with only using the product or continues to use the product.
Source: Nicotine and Tobacco Research - April 8, 2016 Category: Addiction Authors: Hatsukami, D. K., Vogel, R. I., Severson, H. H., Jensen, J. A., OConnor, R. J. Tags: Original Investigation Source Type: research

Has Childhood Smoking Reduced Following Smoke-Free Public Places Legislation? A Segmented Regression Analysis of Cross-Sectional UK School-Based Surveys
Conclusions: Smoke-free legislation may help reduce smoking uptake amongst teenagers, with stronger evidence for an association seen in females. Further research that analyses longitudinal data across more countries is required. Implications: Previous research has established that smoke-free legislation has led to many improvements in population health, including reductions in heart attack, stroke, and asthma. However, the impacts of smoke-free legislation on the rates of smoking amongst children have been less investigated. Analysis of repeated cross-sectional surveys across the four countries of the United Kingdom shows...
Source: Nicotine and Tobacco Research - June 10, 2016 Category: Addiction Authors: Katikireddi, S. V., Der, G., Roberts, C., Haw, S. Tags: Brief Report Source Type: research

Alcohol's Effects on the Cardiovascular System.
Authors: Piano MR Abstract Alcohol use has complex effects on cardiovascular (CV) health. The associations between drinking and CV diseases such as hypertension, coronary heart disease, stroke, peripheral arterial disease, and cardiomyopathy have been studied extensively and are outlined in this review. Although many behavioral, genetic, and biologic variants influence the interconnection between alcohol use and CV disease, dose and pattern of alcohol consumption seem to modulate this most. Low-to-moderate alcohol use may mitigate certain mechanisms such as risk and hemostatic factors affecting atherosclerosis and ...
Source: Alcohol Research - October 12, 2017 Category: Addiction Tags: Alcohol Res Source Type: research