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Researcher Studies Statins for Stroke Therapy
Stacy Pigott A $2.8 million grant may help develop an improved therapeutic treatment for acute ischemic stroke patients to let them recover faster with fewer long-term complications. The protocol hinges on effectively delivering statins to the brain, where their neuroprotective properties can help save tissue damaged by stroke. Aug. 7, 2020 University of Arizona Health Sciencesnhg-PATRICK-RONALDSON_DSC6492-web.jpg Patrick Ronaldson (right), associate professor in the College of Medicine – Tucson's Department of Pharmacology, and doctoral students Erica Williams and Robert Betterton discuss their latest researc...
Source: The University of Arizona: Health - August 6, 2020 Category: Universities & Medical Training Authors: mittank Source Type: research

Blood test identifies risk of disease linked to stroke and dementia
A UCLA-led study has found that levels of six proteins in the blood can be used to gauge a person ’s risk for cerebral small vessel disease, or CSVD, a brain disease that affects an estimated 11 million older adults in the U.S. CSVD can lead to dementia and stroke, but currently it can only be diagnosed with an MRI scan of the brain.“The hope is that this will spawn a novel diagnostic test that clinicians can start to use as a quantitative measure of brain health in people who are at risk of developing cerebral small vessel disease,” said Dr. Jason Hinman, a UCLA assistant professor of neurology and lead author of t...
Source: UCLA Newsroom: Health Sciences - February 1, 2020 Category: Universities & Medical Training Source Type: news

Many take anticoagulants and OTC supplements, which poses risk
FINDINGSNearly 98% percent of people prescribed direct-acting oral anticoagulants such as apixaban also used  over-the-counter products. Of those, 33% took at least one such product that, in combination with the anticoagulants, could cause dangerous internal bleeding. People taking these medications largely lacked knowledge of some potentially serious interactions.BACKGROUNDDirect-acting oral anticoagulants are the drug of choice for stroke prevention in patients with atrial fibrillation, which occurs most frequently in older patients. Apixaban is one of the most frequently prescribed. However, most people prescribed apix...
Source: UCLA Newsroom: Health Sciences - October 31, 2019 Category: Universities & Medical Training Source Type: news

Effectiveness of emergency physician determinations of the need for thrombolytic therapy in acute stroke.
Abstract An increased emphasis on stroke care has led to a proliferation of specialized stroke teams despite relatively few trials demonstrating their efficacy. Our academic stroke center incorporated a unique setup allowing for the comparison between stroke teams and emergency physicians. During weekday working hours, a stroke team would respond to the emergency department for stroke activations. During all other times, the emergency physician caring for the patient would make all treatment decisions. We sought to determine whether there was any difference in treatment and outcomes between these two groups. We co...
Source: Baylor University Medical Center Proceedings - September 30, 2019 Category: Universities & Medical Training Authors: Juergens AL, Barney J, Julakanti M, Allen L, Shaver C Tags: Proc (Bayl Univ Med Cent) Source Type: research

Study shows how serotonin and a popular anti-depressant affect the gut ’s microbiota
In this study, we were interested in finding out why they might do so,” said Hsiao, UCLA assistant professor of integrative biology and physiology, and of microbiology, immunology and molecular genetics in the  UCLA College; and of digestive diseases in the David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA.Hsiao and her research group reported in the journal Cell in 2015 that in mice, a specific mixture of bacteria, consisting mainly of  Turicibacter sanguinis and Clostridia, produces molecules that signal to gut cells to increase production of serotonin. When Hsiao’s team raised mice without the bacteria, more than 50% of t...
Source: UCLA Newsroom: Health Sciences - September 6, 2019 Category: Universities & Medical Training Source Type: news

Prediction of the Lethal Outcome of Acute Recurrent Cerebral Ischemic Hemispheric Stroke.
Abstract Background and objectives. Stroke-induced mortality is the third most common cause of death in developed countries. Intense interest has focused on the recurrent ischemic stroke, which rate makes up 30% during first 5 years after first-ever stroke. This work aims to develop criteria for the prediction of acute recurrent cerebral ischemic hemispheric stroke (RCIHS) outcome on the basis of comprehensive baseline clinical, laboratory, and neuroimaging examinations. Materials and Methods. One hundred thirty-six patients (71 males and 65 females, median age 74 (65; 78)) with acute RCIHS were enrolled in the st...
Source: Medicina (Kaunas) - June 24, 2019 Category: Universities & Medical Training Authors: Kozyolkin O, Kuznietsov A, Novikova L Tags: Medicina (Kaunas) Source Type: research

Scientists discover new type of immune cells that are essential for forming heart valves
UCLA researchers have identified for the first time the origin of an immune cell that plays a critical role in the formation of healthy heart valves. The findings could pave the way for new treatments for heart valve disorders, which can be caused by congenital defects, aging or disease.Their study, led by Dr. Atsushi “Austin” Nakano, a UCLA associate professor of molecular, cell and developmental biology and member of theEli and Edythe Broad Center of Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research at UCLA, was published in the journal Developmental Cell.Building on previous research by Nakano, which showed that the embr...
Source: UCLA Newsroom: Health Sciences - February 21, 2019 Category: Universities & Medical Training Source Type: news

Statins associated with improvement of rare lung disease
This study suggests that oral statin therapy may be a new approach for patients with autoimmune pulmonary alveolar proteinosis.AUTHORSThe study ’s co-senior authors are Dr. Elizabeth Tarling of UCLA and Dr. Bruce Trapnell of Children’s Hospital Medical Center of Cincinnati, Ohio. Other authors are listed in the journal article.JOURNALThe study was  published in the journal Nature Communications. FUNDINGThe National Institutes of Health funded the research.Learn more about the  cardiovascular research theme at UCLA. 
Source: UCLA Newsroom: Health Sciences - August 17, 2018 Category: Universities & Medical Training Source Type: news

Biomaterial developed at UCLA helps regrow brain tissue after stroke in mice
A new stroke-healing gel created by UCLA researchers helped regrow neurons and blood vessels in mice whose brains had been damaged by strokes.The finding is reported May 21 in Nature Materials.“We tested this in laboratory mice to determine if it would repair the brain and lead to recovery in a model of stroke,” said Dr. S. Thomas Carmichael, professor of neurology at theDavid Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA. “The study indicated that new brain tissue can be regenerated in what was previously just an inactive brain scar after stroke.”The results suggest that such an approach could some day be used to treat people...
Source: UCLA Newsroom: Health Sciences - May 22, 2018 Category: Universities & Medical Training Source Type: news

UCLA scientists pioneer new method for watching brain cells interact in real time
An advance by UCLA neuroscientists could lead to a better understanding of astrocytes, star-shaped brain cells that are believed to play a key role in neurological disorders like Lou Gehrig ’s, Alzheimer’s and Huntington’s diseases.Reported in Neuron, the new method enables researchers to peer deep inside a mouse ’s brain and watch astrocytes’ influence over the communication between nerve cells in real time. The test relies on fluorescence resonance energy-transfer microscopy, or FRET microscopy, a technique that uses light to measure the tiniest of distances between molecules. The UCLA team focused on astrocyt...
Source: UCLA Newsroom: Health Sciences - April 5, 2018 Category: Universities & Medical Training Source Type: news

Cardiovascular health disparities between whites and minorities narrow, study shows
The nation ’s overall cardiovascular health worsened from 1988 to 2014, with disparities among racial and ethnic groups dropping slightly. But the reduction in disparities was due to worsening health among whites — not improvements among African-Americans and Mexican-Americans, a new UCLA-led study suggest s.“The reason for the reduction in disparities was unexpected,” said lead author Dr. Arleen Brown, professor of medicine in the division of general internal medicine at the David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA and Olive View Medical Center. “Whites were the only group we studied where the pre valence of opti...
Source: UCLA Newsroom: Health Sciences - March 20, 2018 Category: Universities & Medical Training Source Type: news

Device that measures cell strength could help identify drugs for asthma, hypertension and muscular dystrophy
Engineers, doctors and scientists at UCLA and Rutgers University have developed a tool that measures the physical strength of individual cells 100 times faster than current technologies.The new device could make it easier and faster to test and evaluate new drugs for diseases associated with abnormal levels of cell strength, including hypertension, asthma and muscular dystrophy. It could also open new avenues for biological research into cell force. It is the first high-throughput tool that can measure the strength of thousands of individual cells at a time.“Our tool tracks how much force individual cells exert over time...
Source: UCLA Newsroom: Health Sciences - February 9, 2018 Category: Universities & Medical Training Source Type: news

Biomarkers can reveal traumatic brain injury, even when concussions don ’t show up on CAT scan
FINDINGSUCLA researchers have identified four biomarkers that could help doctors diagnose brain trauma and concussions through a simple blood test. The biomarkers are proteins, from brain cells called astrocytes, which are released instantly into the bloodstream when astrocytes ’ outer membranes rupture from blunt impact or whiplash trauma.BACKGROUNDMild traumatic brain injuries, also called concussions, often go undiagnosed, but they can lead to lasting neurological impairment, especially after repeated occurrences.Currently, doctors use CT scans or a standard scoring system to describe the level of consciousness in a p...
Source: UCLA Newsroom: Health Sciences - October 27, 2017 Category: Universities & Medical Training Source Type: news

NIH awards almost $10 million to UCLA Center for Autism Research and Treatment
The National Institutes of Health, recognizing UCLA ’s leadership in understanding and developing interventions for autism spectrum disorder, has renewed its support of the UCLA Center for Autism Research and Treatment with a five-year, $9.7 million grant.The Autism Center of Excellence grant is directed by Susan Bookheimer, director of the Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities Research Center at UCLA. It supports research projects led by autism experts Mirella Dapretto, Dr. Shafali Jeste, Connie Kasari, Elizabeth Laugeson, Dr. Daniel Geschwind and Dr. Jim McCracken.“This renewed support will allow UCLA to contin...
Source: UCLA Newsroom: Health Sciences - October 13, 2017 Category: Universities & Medical Training Source Type: news

One e-cigarette with nicotine leads to adrenaline changes in nonsmokers ’ hearts
A new UCLA study has found that healthy nonsmokers experienced increased adrenaline levels in their hearts after one electronic cigarette with nicotine.Thefindings are published in  Journal of the American Heart Association,  the open access journal of the American Heart Association/American Stroke Association.Unlike cigarettes, e-cigarettes, also known as e-cigs, have no combustion or tobacco. Instead, these electronic, handheld devices deliver nicotine with flavoring and other chemicals in a vapor rather than smoke.“While e-cigarettes typically deliver fewer carcinogens than are found in the tar of tobacco cigarette ...
Source: UCLA Newsroom: Health Sciences - September 20, 2017 Category: Universities & Medical Training Source Type: news

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