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Source: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
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Total 138 results found since Jan 2013.
Evolutionarily conserved inhibitory uORFs sensitize Hox mRNA translation to start codon selection stringency Biochemistry
Translation start site selection in eukaryotes is influenced by context nucleotides flanking the AUG codon and by levels of the eukaryotic translation initiation factors eIF1 and eIF5. In a search of mammalian genes, we identified five homeobox (Hox) gene paralogs initiated by AUG codons in conserved suboptimal context as well...
Source: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences - February 25, 2022 Category: Science Authors: Ivaylo P. Ivanov, James A. Saba, Chen-Ming Fan, Ji Wang, Andrew E. Firth, Chune Cao, Rachel Green, Thomas E. Dever Tags: Biochemistry Biological Sciences Source Type: research
Redox signaling by glutathione peroxidase 2 links vascular modulation to metabolic plasticity of breast cancer Medical Sciences
In search of redox mechanisms in breast cancer, we uncovered a striking role for glutathione peroxidase 2 (GPx2) in oncogenic signaling and patient survival. GPx2 loss stimulates malignant progression due to reactive oxygen species/hypoxia inducible factor-α (HIF1α)/VEGFA (vascular endothelial growth factor A) signaling, causing poor perfusion and hypoxia, which were...
Source: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences - February 22, 2022 Category: Science Authors: Zuen Ren, Huizhi Liang, Phillip M. Galbo Jr, Malindrie Dharmaratne, Ameya S. Kulkarni, Atefeh Taherian Fard, Marie Louise Aoun, Nuria Martinez-Lopez, Kimita Suyama, Outhiriaradjou Benard, Wei Zheng, Yang Liu, Joseph Albanese, Deyou Zheng, Jessica C. Mar, Tags: Medical Sciences Biological Sciences Source Type: research
DNA-encoded library versus RNA-encoded library selection enables design of an oncogenic noncoding RNA inhibitor Applied Physical Sciences
Nature evolves molecular interaction networks through persistent perturbation and selection, in stark contrast to drug discovery, which evaluates candidates one at a time by screening. Here, nature’s highly parallel ligand-target search paradigm is recapitulated in a screen of a DNA-encoded library (DEL; 73,728 ligands) against a library of RNA structures...
Source: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences - February 2, 2022 Category: Science Authors: Raphael I. Benhamou, Blessy M. Suresh, Yuquan Tong, Wesley G. Cochrane, Valerie Cavett, Simon Vezina-Dawod, Daniel Abegg, Jessica L. Childs-Disney, Alexander Adibekian, Brian M. Paegel, Matthew D. Disney Tags: Applied Physical Sciences, Biochemistry Biological Sciences Source Type: research
The cardiac-enriched microprotein mitolamban regulates mitochondrial respiratory complex assembly and function in mice Cell Biology
Emerging evidence indicates that a subset of RNA molecules annotated as noncoding contain short open reading frames that code for small functional proteins called microproteins, which have largely been overlooked due to their small size. To search for cardiac-expressed microproteins, we used a comparative genomics approach and identified mitolamban (Mtlbn)...
Source: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences - January 31, 2022 Category: Science Authors: Catherine A. Makarewich, Amir Z. Munir, Svetlana Bezprozvannaya, Aaron M. Gibson, Soo Young Kim, Misty S. Martin-Sandoval, Thomas P. Mathews, Luke I. Szweda, Rhonda Bassel-Duby, Eric N. Olson Tags: Cell Biology Biological Sciences Source Type: research
Sector search strategies for odor trail tracking Biophysics and Computational Biology
Ants, mice, and dogs often use surface-bound scent trails to establish navigation routes or to find food and mates, yet their tracking strategies remain poorly understood. Chemotaxis-based strategies cannot explain casting, a characteristic sequence of wide oscillations with increasing amplitude performed upon sustained loss of contact with the trail. We...
Source: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences - January 4, 2022 Category: Science Authors: Gautam Reddy, Boris I. Shraiman, Massimo Vergassola Tags: Physical Sciences Source Type: research
Sector search strategies for odor trail tracking Biophysics_And_Computational_Biology
Significance Surface-bound odor trail tracking is critical for the survival of terrestrial animals dependent on olfaction. Little is known about how animals track trails at the algorithmic level. In the present study, we propose that a tracking animal maintains a noisy estimate of where the trail is headed based...
Source: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences - December 30, 2021 Category: Science Authors: Reddy, G., Shraiman, B. I., Vergassola, M. Tags: Biophysics_And_Computational_Biology Source Type: research
Pop-out search instigates beta-gated feature selectivity enhancement across V4 layers Neuroscience
Visual search is a workhorse for investigating how attention interacts with processing of sensory information. Attentional selection has been linked to altered cortical sensory responses and feature preferences (i.e., tuning). However, attentional modulation of feature selectivity during search is largely unexplored. Here we map the spatiotemporal profile of feature selectivity...
Source: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences - December 10, 2021 Category: Science Authors: Jacob A. Westerberg, Elizabeth A. Sigworth, Jeffrey D. Schall, Alexander Maier Tags: Neuroscience Biological Sciences Source Type: research
Accelerating strain phenotyping with desorption electrospray ionization-imaging mass spectrometry and untargeted analysis of intact microbial colonies Chemistry
Reading and writing DNA were once the rate-limiting step in synthetic biology workflows. This has been replaced by the search for the optimal target sequences to produce systems with desired properties. Directed evolution and screening mutant libraries are proven technologies for isolating strains with enhanced performance whenever specialized assays are...
Source: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences - December 2, 2021 Category: Science Authors: Berkley M. Ellis, Piyoosh K. Babele, Jody C. May, Carl H. Johnson, Brian F. Pfleger, Jamey D. Young, John A. McLean Tags: Chemistry Physical Sciences Source Type: research
Observing the base-by-base search for native structure along transition paths during the folding of single nucleic acid hairpins Biophysics and Computational Biology
Biomolecular folding involves searching among myriad possibilities for the native conformation, but the elementary steps expected from theory for this search have never been detected directly. We probed the dynamics of folding at high resolution using optical tweezers, measuring individual trajectories as nucleic acid hairpins passed through the high-energy transition...
Source: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences - December 1, 2021 Category: Science Authors: Noel Q. Hoffer, Krishna Neupane, Michael T. Woodside Tags: Biophysics and Computational Biology Biological Sciences Source Type: research
Metagenomic discovery of CRISPR-associated transposons Genetics
CRISPR-associated Tn7 transposons (CASTs) co-opt cas genes for RNA-guided transposition. CASTs are exceedingly rare in genomic databases; recent surveys have reported Tn7-like transposons that co-opt Type I-F, I-B, and V-K CRISPR effectors. Here, we expand the diversity of reported CAST systems via a bioinformatic search of metagenomic databases. We discover...
Source: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences - November 29, 2021 Category: Science Authors: James R. Rybarski, Kuang Hu, Alexis M. Hill, Claus O. Wilke, Ilya J. Finkelstein Tags: Genetics Biological Sciences Source Type: research
People mistake the internet’s knowledge for their own Psychological and Cognitive Sciences
People frequently search the internet for information. Eight experiments (n = 1,917) provide evidence that when people “Google” for online information, they fail to accurately distinguish between knowledge stored internally—in their own memories—and knowledge stored externally—on the internet. Relative to those using only their own knowledge, people who use Google...
Source: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences - October 22, 2021 Category: Science Authors: Adrian F. Ward Tags: Psychological and Cognitive Sciences Social Sciences Source Type: research
Global range expansion history of pepper (Capsicum spp.) revealed by over 10,000 genebank accessions Agricultural Sciences
Genebanks collect and preserve vast collections of plants and detailed passport information, with the aim of preserving genetic diversity for conservation and breeding. Genetic characterization of such collections has the potential to elucidate the genetic histories of important crops, use marker–trait associations to identify loci controlling traits of interest, search...
Source: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences - August 16, 2021 Category: Science Authors: Pasquale Tripodi, Mark Timothy Rabanus–Wallace, Lorenzo Barchi, Sandip Kale, Salvatore Esposito, Alberto Acquadro, Roland Schafleitner, Maarten van Zonneveld, Jaime Prohens, Maria Jose Diez, Andreas Borner, Jeremy Salinier, Bernard Caromel, Arnaud B Tags: Agricultural Sciences Biological Sciences Source Type: research
Revealing atomic-scale molecular diffusion of a plant-transcription factor WRKY domain protein along DNA Biophysics and Computational Biology
Transcription factor (TF) target search on genome is highly essential for gene expression and regulation. High-resolution determination of TF diffusion along DNA remains technically challenging. Here, we constructed a TF model system using the plant WRKY domain protein in complex with DNA from crystallography and demonstrated microsecond diffusion dynamics of...
Source: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences - June 1, 2021 Category: Science Authors: Liqiang Dai, Yongping Xu, Zhenwei Du, Xiao-dong Su, Jin Yu Tags: Biophysics and Computational Biology Physical Sciences Source Type: research
Patterns of bacterial motility in microfluidics-confining environments Microbiology
Understanding the motility behavior of bacteria in confining microenvironments, in which they search for available physical space and move in response to stimuli, is important for environmental, food industry, and biomedical applications. We studied the motility of five bacterial species with various sizes and flagellar architectures (Vibrio natriegens, Magnetococcus marinus,...
Source: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences - April 19, 2021 Category: Science Authors: Viola Tokarova, Ayyappasamy Sudalaiyadum Perumal, Monalisha Nayak, Henry Shum, Ondřeȷ Kašpar, Kavya Raȷendran, Mahmood Mohammadi, Charles Tremblay, Eamonn A. Gaffney, Sylvain Martel, Dan V. Nicolau Jr, Dan V. Nicolau Tags: Applied Physical Sciences, Microbiology Source Type: research
Harnessing psilocybin: antidepressant-like behavioral and synaptic actions of psilocybin are independent of 5-HT2R activation in mice Neuroscience
Depression is a widespread and devastating mental illness and the search for rapid-acting antidepressants remains critical. There is now exciting evidence that the psychedelic compound psilocybin produces not only powerful alterations of consciousness, but also rapid and persistent antidepressant effects. How psilocybin exerts its therapeutic actions is not known, but...
Source: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences - April 13, 2021 Category: Science Authors: Natalie Hesselgrave, Timothy A. Troppoli, Andreas B. Wulff, Anthony B. Cole, Scott M. Thompson Tags: Neuroscience Biological Sciences Source Type: research
