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Do Epsom Salts Help?
Discussion Epsom salt is magnesium sulfate. It is named Epsom from the town in England, close to London where it was supposedly discovered. Magnesium is an important trace element. It is a co-factor for ATP metabolism, DNA and RNA synthesis and regulation, and multiple other enzymatic reactions. Hypermagnesemia is quite uncommon and usually would occur because of renal insufficiency or being iatrogenically produced. Hypomagnesemia is a serum concentration of < 0.75 mmol/L. Symptoms are often non-specific such as lethargy, anxiety, headache, decreased appetite, nausea and sleeping problems. Muscle spasms and muscle assoc...
Source: PediatricEducation.org - December 19, 2022 Category: Pediatrics Authors: Pediatric Education Tags: Uncategorized Source Type: news

Evaluation and Treatment of Critical Asthma Syndrome in Children
Abstract The heterogeneity of asthma is illustrated by the significantly different features of pediatric asthma compared to adult asthma. One phenotype of severe asthma in pediatrics includes atopy, lack of reduction in lung function, and absence of gender bias as the main characteristics. Included in the NIH NAEPP EPR-3 are recommendations for the treatment and management of severe pediatric asthma and critical asthma syndrome, such as continuous nebulization treatments, intubation and mechanical ventilation, heliox, and magnesium sulfate. In addition, epinephrine, intravenous immunoglobulin, intravenous montelu...
Source: Clinical Reviews in Allergy and Immunology - January 24, 2015 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research

My first mistake could have been fatal
Recently, our three-year-old wandered into our bedroom around 4 a.m. waking me up, saying he was scared. As I did the previous few nights when he did this, I muttered a curse word to myself and picked him up to carry him back to his room. Upon lifting him, a wrinkle in the routine emerged — he was naked below the waist. At some point, before he entered our room, his pajama pants and pull-up were removed. A mystery had arisen. Yes, the game was afoot. *** Rewind 10 years. I am three months into intern year as a pediatric resident. I am taking call every fourth night on the inpatient pediatric hematology/oncology ward, wor...
Source: Kevin, M.D. - Medical Weblog - May 2, 2017 Category: Journals (General) Authors: < a href="http://www.kevinmd.com/blog/post-author/rogue-dad" rel="tag" > Rogue Dad, MD < /a > Tags: Physician Primary care Source Type: blogs

What Causes Tachycardia?
Discussion Tachycardia is a rapid heart rate that is above normal for age and level of exertion. Tachycardia is common, particularly sinus tachycardia due to normally encountered circumstances such as pain, fever or exercise. It is usually a normal physiologic process but sustained tachycardia often indicates a potentially abnormal underlying cause. Sinus tachycardia has a rapid heart rate with normal P waves and P-R intervals and variations from moment to moment and respiration. Generally it is not over 200 beats/minute. Vagal stimulation can slow the heart rate; this is a gradual slowing, not an abrupt slowing seen in ...
Source: PediatricEducation.org - March 23, 2020 Category: Pediatrics Authors: Pediatric Education Tags: Uncategorized Source Type: news

Application of Herbal Traditional Chinese Medicine in the Treatment of Acute Kidney Injury
Conclusion and Perspectives Collectively, previous studies showed that numerous types of TCMs protect against AKI via different mechanisms of action, including inhibiting inflammation, cell apoptosis, necroptosis, ferroptosis, and restraining oxidative stress etc. These data support the potential application of these TCMs as novel therapeutic agents in treating patients with AKI. Although some TCMs have entered preclinical trials, it is essential to initiate pre-clinical pharmacologic and toxicologic trials and clinical trials to evaluate the efficacy and safety of TCMs usage. Moreover, considering that some TCMs are dele...
Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology - April 17, 2019 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

The Axial Organ and the Pharynx Are Sites of Hematopoiesis in the Sea Urchin
Conclusions: Results presented here are consistent with previous speculations that the axial organ may be a site of coelomocyte proliferation and that it may also be a center for cellular removal and recycling. A second site, the pharynx, may also have hematopoietic activity, a tissue that has been assumed to function only as part of the intestinal tract. Background Hematopoiesis Hematopoiesis is the process in which a multipotent hematopoietic stem cell differentiates into one of potentially many terminally differentiated blood cell types (1). This process is tightly regulated by micro-environmental cues in hematop...
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - April 24, 2019 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research

What are Some of the Complications of Short Bowel Syndrome?
Discussion Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is one of the most common gastrointestinal emergencies in neonates. Mortality rates are from 0-45% depending on infant weight and gestation with more premature and smaller infants having greater mortality. NEC usually occurs in premature infants but it also occurs in term infants. The etiology is unknown but is probably multifactorial with ischemia and/or reperfusion playing some role. There are ‘outbreaks’ of NEC but no causative organism has been identified. Regardless of the originating cause, inflammation of the intestine and release of inflammatory mediators causes variou...
Source: PediatricEducation.org - August 30, 2021 Category: Pediatrics Authors: Pediatric Education Tags: Uncategorized Source Type: news

Prescription of Complementary and Alternative Medicine (CAM) in an Italian Cohort of Pediatric Headache Patients (P03.115)
CONCLUSIONS: Our study shows that CAM is widely used among pediatric headache patients, and physicians are mostly unaware of prescription. Further studies are required to investigate safety and efficacy of CAM, as a possible side-medicine to conventional pharmacological approach.Disclosure: Dr. Colombo has nothing to disclose. Dr. Dalla Libera has nothing to disclose. Dr. Pavan has nothing to disclose. Dr. Comi has received personal compensation for activities with Novartis, Teva Neuroscience, Sanofi-Aventis Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Merck Serono, and Bayer Schering.
Source: Neurology - February 14, 2013 Category: Neurology Authors: Colombo, B., Dalla Libera, D., Pavan, G., Comi, G. Tags: P03 Headache: Epidemiology Source Type: research

What is Refeeding Syndrome?
Discussion Anorexia nervosa is an eating disorder with an intense fear of being overweight (i.e. distorted body image), and self-starvation and excessive weight loss. It is more common in women (1.2%) than men (0.2%) but can be seen in both genders. Risk factors include high-intelligence, perfectionism/inflexibility, anxiety, activities where thinner body types are expected (e.g. dancer, diver, gymnast, long-distance runner, volleyball player, etc.) Other eating disorders include bulimia nervosa (i.e. cycles of binge eating and then purging), binge eating disorder (i.e. purging), orthorexia (i.e. obsessions with healthful ...
Source: PediatricEducation.org - October 25, 2021 Category: Pediatrics Authors: Pediatric Education Tags: Uncategorized Source Type: news

When Medical Error Becomes Personal, Activism Becomes Painful
BY MICHAEL MILLENSON In the mid-1990s, researching a book about the quality of medical care, I discovered how the profession had for years been ignoring evidence about the appalling death toll from preventable medical error. Though I’d never myself experienced an error, I became an activist. Recently, however, a relative was a victim, and the frustrating persistence of error became personally painful. Thanks to my relative being acutely aware of the need to be alert (and a bit of luck), no harm was caused by what could have been a serious medication mistake. That was the good news. The bad news is that even...
Source: The Health Care Blog - September 21, 2022 Category: Consumer Health News Authors: Ryan Bose-Roy Tags: Medical Education Medical Practice medical error Michael Millenson Patient Safety World Patient Safety Day Source Type: blogs

Meconium: It Can Cause a Sticky Mess
Discussion During fetal life from approximately 12-13 weeks gestation, meconium accumulates in the small bowel and migrates to the large bowel and rectum by ~20 weeks gestation. Meconium is a combination of bile, mucous, desquamated intestinal cells, bowel secretions, dessicated swallowed amniotic fluid and lanugo. It is sterile before birth and once produced is odorless with a blackish green (sometimes brown or yellow) color, and tarry or sticky quality. Defecation does not occur during fetal life unless the fetus is significantly stressed. Normal meconium passage after birth occurs within 24-48 hours of life (more often ...
Source: PediatricEducation.org - February 13, 2023 Category: Pediatrics Authors: Pediatric Education Tags: Uncategorized Source Type: news

My Patient, Myself
Franklin was a patient I saw regularly on the psych service. He’d come into our crisis center from time to time, a cascade of obsessive worry and unchecked anxiety bringing him back to a brink with which he was all too familiar. Sometimes he just needed a safe place to gather his thoughts; occasionally he’d need more intensive intervention. I came to know Franklin quite well over my four weeks in the psychiatric ED. He’d wave from the EMS stretcher as I peeked over the nurse’s station counter at the new arrival. Franklin was once again resting in Room 4 when I left at the end of the month. I waved goodbye when I wa...
Source: Little White Coats - October 7, 2013 Category: Emergency Medicine Tags: Blog Posts Source Type: research

Extending the viability of spermatozoa and eggs of the sea urchin lytechinus variegatus.
CONCLUSION: The results showed success in the freezing protocol of spermatozoa and cooling of the eggs mainly in artificial calcium- and magnesium-free sea water. PMID: 26510335 [PubMed - in process]
Source: Cryo-Letters - November 20, 2015 Category: Biology Tags: Cryo Letters Source Type: research

STEMI with Life-Threatening Hypokalemia and Incessant Torsades de Pointes
Conclusions: In the select group of hypokalemic patients studied, potassium infusions of 20 to 40 mmol delivered over 1 hr were safe to administer and effectively increased serum potassium levels in a dosedependent and predictable fashion. Furthermore, these results were independent of the patient's underlying renal function or associated diuretic administration. (Crit Care Med 1991; 19:694)Concentrated Potassium Chloride Infusions in Critically Ill Patients with HypokalemiaThe Journal of Clinical Pharmacology.  Volume 34, Issue 11, pages 1077–1082, November 1994Although concentrated infusions of pota...
Source: Dr. Smith's ECG Blog - April 7, 2016 Category: Cardiology Authors: Steve Smith Source Type: blogs

My Patient, Myself
Franklin was a patient I saw regularly on the psych service. He’d come into our crisis center from time to time, a cascade of obsessive worry and unchecked anxiety bringing him back to a brink with which he was all too familiar. Sometimes he just needed a safe place to gather his thoughts; occasionally he’d need more intensive intervention. I came to know Franklin quite well over my four weeks in the psychiatric ED. He’d wave from the EMS stretcher as I peeked over the nurse’s station counter at the new arrival. Franklin was once again resting in Room 4 when I left at the end of the month. I waved goodbye when I wa...
Source: Little White Coats - October 7, 2013 Category: Emergency Medicine Tags: Blog Posts Source Type: research