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Alternative donor transplants for severe aplastic anemia.
Authors: Bacigalupo A Abstract Allogeneic hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation remains the only curative treatment for patients with acquired severe aplastic anemia (SAA). When a matched sibling is not available, one can search for a matched unrelated donor or a cord blood unit (CB) in the international registries or, more recently, for an HLA haploidentical (HAPLO) family member. International guidelines call for a course of antithymocyte globulin (ATG) and cyclosporine before a patient with SAA receives a transplant from a donor other than an HLA identical sibling, but whether this is necessary for patients ag...
Source: Hematology ASH Education Program - December 7, 2018 Category: Hematology Tags: Hematology Am Soc Hematol Educ Program Source Type: research

Genes, Vol. 12, Pages 1037: ZEB2, the Mowat-Wilson Syndrome Transcription Factor: Confirmations, Novel Functions, and Continuing Surprises
onidi After its publication in 1999 as a DNA-binding and SMAD-binding transcription factor (TF) that co-determines cell fate in amphibian embryos, ZEB2 was from 2003 studied by embryologists mainly by documenting the consequences of conditional, cell-type specific Zeb2 knockout (cKO) in mice. In between, it was further identified as causal gene causing Mowat-Wilson Syndrome (MOWS) and novel regulator of epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT). ZEB2’s functions and action mechanisms in mouse embryos were first addressed in its main sites of expression, with focus on those that helped to explain neurodevelopmental an...
Source: Genes - July 3, 2021 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Authors: Judith C. Birkhoff Danny Huylebroeck Andrea Conidi Tags: Review Source Type: research

The 30-year fight against HIV
Since its identification as the cause of Aids in 1984, scientists have made major advancements in tackling virus1984 Retrovirus is discovered as cause of Aids and later named human immunodeficiency virus or HIV.1986 Clinical trials show that HIV patients taking AZT (azidothymidine), an antiretroviral drug initially developed as a cancer therapy, were living longer than those who did not. AZT is shown to manage, but not cure, HIV and reduce the rates of mother-to-child infection in pregnancy.1987 The US FDA approves AZT as the first antiretroviral to be used as a treatment for Aids.1995 Jeff Getty, Aids activist, becomes th...
Source: Guardian Unlimited Science - March 3, 2013 Category: Science Authors: Caroline Davies Tags: The Guardian News Health Medical research Aids and HIV Society Source Type: news

Outcome of patients activating an unrelated donor search for severe acquired aplastic anemia
This study analyzes the outcome of ATG‐refractory SAA patients activating a VUD search. Of 179 patients, 68 had at least one HLA‐A, –B and –DR matched donor identified and underwent HSCT while 50 also with a donor were not transplanted because of early death (8), late response to IST (34), transplant refusal (1) or other (7). Conversely, 61 had no matched donor, 13 of those ultimately received a mismatched HSCT. All but one received marrow stem cells. Among patients aged <17 years, those with at least one matched donor had a significant higher 4‐year survival as compared to others (79%+/‐6% versus 53%+/‐10...
Source: American Journal of Hematology - June 27, 2013 Category: Hematology Authors: Sébastien Maury, Marie‐Lorraine Balère‐Appert, Simona Pollichieni, Rosi Oneto, Ibrahim Yakoub‐Agha, Franco Locatelli, Jean‐Hugues Dalle, Edoardo Lanino, Alain Fischer, Andrea Pession, Anne Huynh, Walter Barberi, Mohamad Mohty, Antonio Risitano, Tags: Research Article Source Type: research

Clues to Dravet syndrome's origins and possible treatment offered by technique called "epilepsy in a dish"
A new stem cell-based approach to studying epilepsy has yielded a surprising discovery about what causes one form of the disease, and may help in the search for better medicines to treat all kinds of seizure disorders. The findings, reported by a team of scientists from the University of Michigan Medical School and colleagues, use a technique that could be called "epilepsy in a dish". By turning skin cells of epilepsy patients into stem cells, and then turning those stem cells into neurons, or brain nerve cells, the team created a miniature testing ground for epilepsy...
Source: Health News from Medical News Today - July 28, 2013 Category: Consumer Health News Tags: Epilepsy Source Type: news

Discovery could slow ravages of aging
Scientists report in Nature they have found a novel and unexpected molecular switch that could become a key to slowing some of the ravages of getting older as it prompts blood stem cells to age. The study is expected to help in the search for therapeutic strategies to slow or reverse the aging process, and possibly rejuvenate these critically important stem cells (called hematopoietic stem cells, or HSCs), said scientists from Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center and the University of Ulm in Germany who conducted study. Published online Oct...
Source: Health News from Medical News Today - October 21, 2013 Category: Consumer Health News Tags: Seniors / Aging Source Type: news

New Down’s syndrome test more accurate than current screening
Conclusion This large study has shown that the new cfDNA test is better than current standard screening at detecting three trisomy conditions during pregnancy. The confidence in accurately identifying affected pregnancies was strongest for Down’s syndrome. There were much wider confidence intervals for the other two conditions. The cfDNA test was not 100% accurate, as there were false positive results for each condition, though much fewer than with standard screening. Around 3% of the cfDNA tests did not produce a result. Careful consideration and further research may be needed to decide the best approach in these cases...
Source: NHS News Feed - April 2, 2015 Category: Consumer Health News Tags: Genetics/stem cells Medical practice Pregnancy/child Source Type: news

Three deduced probable human-leukocyte-antigen haplotypes associated with HLA-DQB1*03:26 and -DRB1*14:141 from Taiwanese unrelated bone-marrow hematopoietic-stem-cell donors: Two case analyses
Conclusion Information on the ethnicity of the DQB1*03:26 and DRB1*14:141 alleles, and the deduced probable HLA haplotypes associated with the low-incidence alleles that we report here is of value to HLA testing laboratories for reference purposes. In addition, they can be used by stem-cell-transplantation-donor-search coordinators in order to determine a strategy for finding compatible donors in unrelated bone-marrow-donor registries when patients carry these uncommon HLA alleles.
Source: Tzu Chi Medical Journal - February 25, 2016 Category: Universities & Medical Training Source Type: research

Two deduced probable HLA-A*24:287-associated HLA haplotypes (A*24:287-B*40-DRB1*15 and A*24:287-B*58-DRB1*03:01) found in Taiwanese unrelated hematopoietic bone marrow stem cell donors-case analysis
Conclusion Information on the deduced probable HLA haplotypes in association with the low incidence A*24:287 allele that we report here are of value for HLA testing laboratories for reference purposes. In addition, they can be used by stem cell transplantation donor search coordinators to determine a strategy for finding compatible donors in unrelated bone marrow donor registries when a patient has this uncommon HLA allele.
Source: Tzu Chi Medical Journal - February 25, 2016 Category: Universities & Medical Training Source Type: research

A deduced probable HLA-DRB1*16:35-associated HLA haplotype (A*11-B*13-DRB1*16:35) found in a case analysis of two Taiwanese unrelated bone marrow hematopoietic stem cell donors
Conclusion Information on the deduced probable HLA haplotype in association with the low incidence DRB1*16:35 allele that we report here is of value for HLA testing laboratories for reference purposes. In addition, it can be used by stem cell transplantation donor search coordinators to determine a strategy for finding compatible donors in unrelated bone marrow donor registries when a patient has this uncommon HLA allele.
Source: Tzu Chi Medical Journal - March 9, 2016 Category: Universities & Medical Training Source Type: research

Mystery of the 13 people with 'superhero DNA'
Conclusion The researchers have presented some intriguing results, but their inability to contact the individuals identified in the study puts the results in question. As well as the explanation the researchers put forward, it's possible that the results are simply due to mistakes in the records. The researchers hoped to be able to identify conditions (genetic or environmental) which might protect an individual from a disease such as cystic fibrosis, which they are genetically programmed to develop. However, the current study does not even confirm that such individuals exist, never mind help us to understand possible cause...
Source: NHS News Feed - April 12, 2016 Category: Consumer Health News Tags: Genetics/stem cells Medical practice Source Type: news

Deduced probable HLA-C*07:359-associated human leukocyte antigen haplotypes found by case analysis of Taiwanese unrelated bone marrow hematopoietic stem cell donors
Conclusion Information on the ethnicity of the C*07:359 allele and its deduced probable HLA haplotypes that are associated with the low-incidence C*07:359 allele reported here are of value to HLA testing laboratories for reference purposes. In addition, they can be used by stem cell transplantation donor search coordinators to determine a strategy for finding compatible donors using unrelated bone marrow donor registries when patients carry this uncommon HLA allele.
Source: Tzu Chi Medical Journal - May 26, 2016 Category: Universities & Medical Training Source Type: research

Mapping the milestones in tooth regeneration: Current trends and future research
This article traces the milestones in this elusive search for the ultimate tooth replacement. The various research developments are highlighted that are aimed at the final goal of being able to “re-grow a natural tooth”. Whole tooth regeneration is technically challenging and further research into this field of complex molecular biology, embryology, biomaterials and stem cells is required to answer the unsolved questions. However, the milestones that have been crossed in the attempts at whole tooth regeneration have been remarkable and the future is quite promising. This article highlights the noteworthy research work ...
Source: Medical Journal Armed Forces India - June 13, 2016 Category: Journals (General) Source Type: research

Deduced probable HLA haplotypes associated with HLA-C*04:82 found by case analysis of Taiwanese individuals
Conclusion The ethnicity of the C*04:82 allele and the deduced probable HLA haplotypes associated with the low-incidence C*04:82 allele are of value for reference purposes for HLA testing laboratories. In addition, they can be used by search coordinators to aid the creation of a strategy for finding compatible stem cell donors for patients who carry this uncommon HLA allele.
Source: Tzu Chi Medical Journal - July 29, 2016 Category: Universities & Medical Training Source Type: research

HLA haplotype in association with the low incidence C*07:66 allele found by case analysis of Taiwanese and mainland Chinese individuals
Conclusion The information on the ethnicity of the C*07:66 allele and the deduced probable HLA haplotype associated with the low-incidence C*07:66 allele reported in this study may aid in HLA testing laboratories for reference purposes. In addition, they can be used by stem cell transplant donor search coordinators to help create, for patients bearing this uncommon HLA allele, strategies for finding compatible donors using bone marrow donor registries comprising unrelated individuals.
Source: Tzu Chi Medical Journal - November 10, 2016 Category: Universities & Medical Training Source Type: research