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Specialty: Reproduction Medicine

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Total 316 results found since Jan 2013.

Modulation of Cell Cycle Progression in the Spermatocyte Cell Line GC-2spd(ts) Cell-Line by Cigarette Smoke Condensate (CSC) via Arylhydrocarbon Receptor-Nuclear Factor Erythroid 2-Related Factor 2 Ahr-Nrf2 Pathway.
In this study, we show that exposure of the spermatocyte cell line [GC-2spd(ts)] to CSC induces an increase in Cyp1a1, demonstrating AHR activation, and simultaneous expression and nuclear translocation of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2), where it is believed to modulate Ahr expression by feedback mechanism. Pharmacological inhibition by AHR-antagonist (CH223191), and Ahr- and Nrf2-siRNA interference followed by q-RTPCR implicate the Ahr-Nrf2 pathway in the modulation of DNA damage and growth suppression genes such as Gadd45a and P21 and oxidative stress-related genes Cyp1a1, Nrf2, and Ahrr. Flow cytomet...
Source: Biology of Reproduction - November 20, 2013 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Esakky P, Hansen DA, Drury AM, Moley KH Tags: Biol Reprod Source Type: research

Functional Role of the Bovine Oocyte-Specific Protein JY-1 in Meiotic Maturation, Cumulus Expansion, and Subsequent Embryonic Development.
In conclusion, these results support an important functional role for oocyte-derived JY-1 protein during meiotic maturation in promoting progression to metaphase II, cumulus expansion and subsequent embryonic development. PMID: 24501174 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Biology of Reproduction - February 5, 2014 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Lee KB, Wee G, Zhang K, Folger JK, Knott JG, Smith GW Tags: Biol Reprod Source Type: research

RhoGDI2 Is Expressed in Human Trophoblasts and Involved in Their Migration by Inhibiting the Activation of RAC1.
In conclusion, RhoGDI2 inhibits trophoblast cell migration, and this function may involve suppression of RAC1 activation. PMID: 24554735 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Biology of Reproduction - February 19, 2014 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Liu S, Cui H, Li Q, Zhang L, Na Q, Liu C Tags: Biol Reprod Source Type: research

Extravillous trophoblast cell invasion is promoted by the CD44–hyaluronic acid interaction
Conclusions: The discovery of a CD44-HA interaction between EVT cells and the extracellular matrix contributes to our understanding of the mechanism underlying invasion by EVT cells.
Source: Placenta - January 17, 2014 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: H. Takahashi, T. Takizawa, S. Matsubara, A. Ohkuchi, T. Kuwata, R. Usui, H. Matsumoto, Y. Sato, H. Fujiwara, A. Okamoto, M. Suzuki, T. Takizawa Tags: Invasion Source Type: research

The role of SRC-1 and SRC-2 in steroid-induced SDF-1 expression in normal and ectopic endometrium.
Conclusion: SRC-1 plays a necessary role in E2-induced SDF-1 expression and SRC-2 is required for P4 to inhibit the E2-induced SDF-1 production in normal and ectopic endometrium. PMID: 24586072 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Reproduction - February 28, 2014 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Shi X, Xu W, Dai HH, Sun Y, Wang X Tags: Reproduction Source Type: research

MicroRNA Let-7a and dicer are important in the activation and implantation of delayed implanting mouse embryos
STUDY QUESTION Does Let-7a have a functional role in modulating dicer expression to activate dormant mouse blastocysts for implantation? SUMMARY ANSWER Let-7a post-transcriptionally regulates dicer expression altering microRNA expression to affect the implantation competency of the activated blastocysts. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY The Let-7a microRNA is up-regulated during blastocyst dormancy and its forced-expression suppresses embryo implantation in vitro and in vivo. Dicer is a Let-7 target, which processes pre-microRNA to mature microRNA. STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION The effects on the expression of Let-7a and dicer in d...
Source: Human Reproduction - March 11, 2014 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Cheong, A. W. Y., Pang, R. T. K., Liu, W.-M., Kottawatta, K. S. A., Lee, K.-F., Yeung, W. S. B. Tags: Reproductive biology Source Type: research

Extravillous Trophoblast-Associated ADAM12 Exerts Pro-Invasive Properties, Including Induction of Integrin Beta 1-Mediated Cellular Spreading.
Abstract ADAM12, consisting of a membrane-bound (ADAM12L) and secreted (ADAM12S) form, is exclusively expressed in regenerating and developing tissue as well as in certain cancer types. Strong ADAM12 expression levels have been noticed in the human placenta and deregulated ADAM12S levels were associated with various pregnancy-related disorders including preeclampsia and intrauterine growth restriction. However, the role of ADAM12 in trophoblast motility has not been investigated so far. Hence, the present study aimed to investigate the specific function of the protease using different primary trophoblast cell mode...
Source: Reproductive Biology - April 2, 2014 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Biadasiewicz K, Fock V, Dekan S, Proestling K, Velicky P, Haider S, Knöfler M, Fröhlich C, Pollheimer J Tags: Biol Reprod Source Type: research

High concentraction of taurocholic acid induced apoptosis in HTR-8/SVneo cells via overexpression of ERp29 and activation of p38
Abstract: Introduction: Intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (ICP) is a pregnancy-specific disease associated with a significant risk of fetal complications. Our previous study using an iTRAQ-based proteomics approach showed that ERp29 was overexpressed in the placenta tissue of ICP patients, which was an apoptosis-related protein and has not been investigated in the pathogenesis of ICP. The aim of this study was to explore the role of ERp29 in the mechanism of apoptosis in the placenta of ICP.Methods: HTR-8/SVneo cells were cultured and treated with different concentrations of taurocholic acid (TCA) (0, 10, 50 and 100 ...
Source: Placenta - April 28, 2014 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: T. Zhang, C. Zhao, L. Luo, J. Xiang, J. Cheng, T. Wang, D. Chen Tags: Signaling Source Type: research

The Nuclear Receptor NR2F2 Activates Star Expression and Steroidogenesis in Mouse MA-10 and MLTC-1 Leydig Cells.
In this study, we found that NR2F2 is expressed in the nucleus of some peritubular myoid cells and in interstitial cells, mainly in steroidogenically active adult Leydig cells. In MA-10 and MLTC-1 Leydig cells, siRNA-mediated NR2F2 knockdown reduces basal steroid production without affecting hormone responsiveness. Consistent with this, we found that STAR mRNA and protein levels were reduced in NR2F2-depleted MA-10 and MLTC-1 cells. Transient transfections of Leydig cells revealed that a -986 bp mouse Star promoter construct was activated 3 fold by NR2F2. Using 5' progressive deletion constructs, we mapped the NR2F2-respon...
Source: Biology of Reproduction - June 4, 2014 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Mendoza-Villarroel RE, Robert NM, Martin LJ, Brousseau C, Tremblay JJ Tags: Biol Reprod Source Type: research

Evidence Supporting a Functional Requirement of SMAD4 for Bovine Preimplantation Embryonic Development: A Potential Link to Embryotropic Actions of Follistatin.
Abstract Transforming growth factor beta (TGFbeta) superfamily signaling controls various aspects of female fertility. However, the functional roles of TGFbeta-superfamily cognate signal transduction pathway components (e.g. SMAD2/3, SMAD4, SMAD1/5/8) in early embryonic development are not completely understood. We have previously demonstrated pronounced embryotropic actions of the TGFbeta superfamily member-binding protein, follistatin, on oocyte competence in cattle. Given SMAD4 is a common "SMAD" required for both SMAD2/3 and SMAD1/5/8 signaling pathways, the objectives of the present studies were to determine ...
Source: Biology of Reproduction - July 16, 2014 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Lee KB, Zhang K, Folger JK, Knott JG, Smith GW Tags: Biol Reprod Source Type: research

Functions and Transcriptional Regulation of Thrombospondins and Their Interrelationship with Fibroblast Growth Factor-2 in Luteal Cells.
Abstract Previously we showed luteal stage-specific regulation of angiogenesis modulating factors by prostaglandin F2 alpha (PGF2a). Fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF2) and thrombospondins (THBSs) exhibited the most divergent profile of induction by PGF2a. We therefore examined the transcriptional regulation and roles of THBSs in luteal cells and studied their interaction with FGF2. THBSs and their receptors exhibited cell specific expression: THBS1 was the predominant form in luteal endothelial cells (LEC), whereas luteinized granulosa cells (LGC) expressed mostly THBS2. CD36 was confined to LGC, but CD47 did not e...
Source: Reproductive Biology - July 24, 2014 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Farberov S, Meidan R Tags: Biol Reprod Source Type: research

SUMO‐1 plays crucial roles for spindle organization, chromosome congression, and chromosome segregation during mouse oocyte meiotic maturation
In conclusion, our results implied that SUMO‐1 plays crucial roles during oocyte meiotic maturation, specifically involving spindle assembly and chromosome behavior, by regulating kinetochore‐microtubule attachment and the localization of γ‐tubulin, BUBR1, REC8, and securin. Mol. Reprod. Dev. 2014. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Source: Molecular Reproduction and Development - July 30, 2014 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Yi‐Feng Yuan, Rui Zhai, Xiao‐Ming Liu, Hamid Ali Khan, Yan‐Hong Zhen, Li‐Jun Huo Tags: Research Article Source Type: research

MicroRNA-378a-5p Targets Cyclin G2 to Inhibit Fusion and Differentiation in BeWo Cells.
Abstract MicroRNAs are expressed abundantly in the placenta throughout pregnancy. We have previously reported that miR-378a-5p promoted trophoblast migration and invasion. To further understand the role of miR-378a-5p during placental development, we investigated whether it may regulate the differentiation of syncytiotrophoblast (STB). Using a choriocarcinoma cell line, BeWo, we found that miR-378a-5p was down-regulated during Forskolin-induced STB differentiation. Transfection of a miR-378a-5p mimic into BeWo cells decreased the formation of multinucleated STB, increased E-cadherin, and decreased the expression l...
Source: Biology of Reproduction - August 13, 2014 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Nadeem U, Ye G, Salem M, Peng C Tags: Biol Reprod Source Type: research

A role for intracellular taurine in promoting trophoblast survival
The objective of this study was to investigate the mechanisms by which intracellular taurine promotes CTB survival.
Source: Placenta - August 29, 2014 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Michelle Desforges, Susan Greenwood Tags: Frontmatter Source Type: research

Identification of proteins directly interacting with the HELLP-syndrome associated lincRNA using ChIRP
The HELLP syndrome is a pregnancy-associated disease inducing hemolysis, elevated liver enzymes, and low platelets in the mother. Although the HELLP symptoms occur in the third trimester in the mother, the origin of the disease can be found in the first trimester fetal placenta. The chromosomal locus on 12q23.2 between PMCH and IGF1 with linkage to the HELLP syndrome contains a 205 kbp long intergenic noncoding RNA with (peri)nuclear expression in the extravillous trophoblast. siRNA-mediated knockdown followed by RNA-sequencing revealed that the HELLP lincRNA activated a large set of genes that are involved in the cell cyc...
Source: Placenta - August 29, 2014 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Allerdien Visser, Roel van der Schors, Cees Oudejans, Marie van Dijk Tags: Frontmatter Source Type: research