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Prophylactic intranasal administration of lipid nanoparticle formulated siRNAs reduce SARS-CoV-2 and RSV lung infection
J Microbiol Immunol Infect. 2023 Mar 8:S1684-1182(23)00068-3. doi: 10.1016/j.jmii.2023.02.010. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTRNA interference (RNAi) is an emerging and promising therapy for a wide range of respiratory viral infections. This highly specific suppression can be achieved by the introduction of short-interfering RNA (siRNA) into mammalian systems, resulting in the effective reduction of viral load. Unfortunately, this has been hindered by the lack of a good delivery system, especially via the intranasal (IN) route. Here, we have developed an IN siRNA encapsulated lipid nanoparticle (LNP) in vivo delivery system...
Source: Journal of Microbiology, Immunology, and Infection - March 18, 2023 Category: Microbiology Authors: Aroon Supramaniam Yaman Tayyar Daniel T W Clarke Gabrielle Kelly Dhruba Acharya Kevin V Morris Nigel A J McMillan Adi Idris Source Type: research

Nucleic Acid-Based Treatments Against COVID-19: Potential Efficacy of Aptamers and siRNAs
Despite significant efforts, there are currently no approved treatments for COVID-19. However, biotechnological approaches appear to be promising in the treatment of the disease. Accordingly, nucleic acid-based treatments including aptamers and siRNAs are candidates that might be effective in COVID-19 treatment. Aptamers can hamper entry and replication stages of the SARS-CoV-2 infection, while siRNAs can cleave the viral genomic and subgenomic RNAs to inhibit the viral life cycle and reduce viral loads. As a conjugated molecule, aptamer–siRNA chimeras have proven to be dual-functioning antiviral therapy, acting both as ...
Source: Frontiers in Microbiology - November 8, 2021 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research

A Web-Based Platform on Coronavirus Disease-19 to Maintain Predicted Diagnostic, Drug, and Vaccine Candidates.
In this study, state-of-the-art techniques have been used for predicting the potential candidates for diagnostics and therapeutics. PMID: 33136473 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Monoclonal Antibodies in Immunodiagnosis and Immunotherapy - November 3, 2020 Category: Microbiology Tags: Monoclon Antib Immunodiagn Immunother Source Type: research

ORF3a Protein of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Inhibits Interferon-Activated Janus Kinase/Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription Signaling via Elevating Suppressor of Cytokine Signaling 1
In this study, we discovered that ORF3a, an accessory protein of SARS-CoV-2, inhibited IFN-activated Janus kinase (JAK)/signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) signaling via upregulating suppressor of cytokine signaling 1 (SOCS1), a negative regulator of cytokine signaling. ORF3a induced SOCS1 elevation in a dose- and time-dependent manner. RNAi-mediated silencing of SOCS1 efficiently abolished ORF3a-induced blockage of JAK/STAT signaling. Interestingly, we found that ORF3a also promoted the ubiquitin-proteasomal degradation of Janus kinase 2 (JAK2), an important kinase in IFN signaling. Silencing of SOCS1 ...
Source: Frontiers in Microbiology - September 28, 2021 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research

Inflammasomes during SARS-CoV-2 infection and development of their corresponding inhibitors
Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) continues to be a burden for human health since its outbreak in Wuhan, China in December 2019. Recently, the emergence of new variants of concerns (VOCs) is challenging for vaccines and drugs efficiency. In severe cases, SARS-CoV-2 provokes inappropriate hyperinflammatory immune responses leading to acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and even death. This process is regulated by inflammasomes which are activated after binding of the viral spike (S) protein to cellular angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptor and triggers innate immune responses. Therefore, the formation of...
Source: Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology - June 9, 2023 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research