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Metabolic Control of Dendritic Cell Functions: Digesting Information
In conclusion, a delicate balance of the complex system of nutrient sensing and mTOR (mTORC1) signaling is crucial to ensure appropriate development of DCs (23). Strikingly, loss of both mTOR complexes results in opposite effects on in vivo DC development compared with loss of mTORC1 alone, probably indicating differential inhibition of mTOR downstream targets and collaboration of mTOR complexes. Indeed, DC loss upon TSC1 deficiency is accompanied by increased DC apoptosis and enhanced metabolic activity due to TSC1-dependent inhibition of Myc, an effector downstream of mTOR (Figure 1), and reversed upon Myc loss (35). Of ...
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - April 24, 2019 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research

Dietary Vitamin D3 Deficiency Increases Resistance to Leishmania (Leishmania) amazonensis Infection in Mice
Conclusion Altogether, our results indicate that dietary VitD deficiency is able to decrease lesion growth and provide an increase in Th1 response in C57BL/6 and BALB/c mice upon L. (L.) amazonensis infection, although it does not decrease parasite burden in either of the murine models used. Thus, VitD may contribute to host susceptibility to murine tegumentary leishmaniasis. Further studies on the influence of immunonutrition in the leishmaniases are needed to better understand the immunobiology of these diseases. Author Contributions HdMG conceived and designed the experiments. GO-S, DB, MM, JEP, JCP, TR, AdF-M, and L...
Source: Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology - April 9, 2019 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research

Mitochondrial fusion in the pathogenesis of severe asthma with fungal sensitization
In this study, we aimed to evaluate the morphologic changes of mitochondria in airway inflammatory cells from a murine model of bronchial asthma. The mice sensitized and challenged with Aspergillus fumigatus (Af) showed the typical features of bronchial asthma. Interestingly, these asthmatic features were refractory to the treatment with oral dexamethasone, whereas they were improved significantly by the administration of mitochondrial ROS inhibitor, NecroX-7. In addition, electron-microscopic analysis revealed that in BAL cells from Af-inhaled mice, the mitochondria were dramatically elongated, fused each other compared t...
Source: European Respiratory Journal - November 7, 2016 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Kim, S. R., Lee, Y. C., Park, H. J., Kim, D. I., Kim, S. H. Tags: 5.3 Allergy and Immunology Source Type: research