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miRNA-218 Targets Lipin-1 and Glucose Transporter Type 4 Genes in 3T3-L1 Cells Treated With Lopinavir/Ritonavir
Conclusion: 3T3-L1 cells, treated with LPV/RTV, show altered lipid content due to increased miRNA-218 levels, which affects lipin-1 mRNA. Moreover, increased miRNA-218 levels were inversely correlated with changes in GLUT-4 expression, which suggests a role for miRNA-218 in mediating the insulin resistance consequent to cART. Introduction Metabolic syndrome is a serious consequence of combined Antiretroviral Therapy (cART). HIV-associated metabolic syndrome is often accompanied by lipodystrophy (LS), the redistribution of body fat with loss of subcutaneous adipose tissue in face, limbs and buttocks, concomitant wit...
Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology - April 29, 2019 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Overcoming immune tolerance in chronic hepatitis B by therapeutic vaccination
Publication date: June 2018Source: Current Opinion in Virology, Volume 30Author(s): Claudia Dembek, Ulrike Protzer, Michael RoggendorfThe currently used nucleoside analogs (i.e. entecavir and tenofovir) with high barrier-to-resistance efficiently suppress viral replication, limit inflammation and reduce the sequelae of chronic hepatitis B, but cannot cure the disease and thus have to be applied long-term. Therapeutic vaccination as an approach to cure chronic hepatitis B has shown promising pre-clinical results, nevertheless the proof of its efficacy in clinical trials is still missing. This may be partially due to subopti...
Source: Current Opinion in Virology - July 10, 2018 Category: Virology Source Type: research

New treatments to reach functional cure: Virological approaches
Publication date: Available online 22 May 2017 Source:Best Practice & Research Clinical Gastroenterology Author(s): David Durantel Current therapies of chronic hepatitis B (CHB) remain limited to pegylated-interferon-alpha (pegIFN-α) or any of the five approved nucleos(t)ide analogues (NA). If viral suppression can be achieved in the majority of patients with the high-barrier-to-resistance new-generation of NA, i.e. entecavir and tenofovir, HBsAg loss is achieved by PEG-IFN-α and/or NA in only 10% of patients, after a 5-year follow-up. Attempts to improve the response by administering two different NA or a combi...
Source: Best Practice and Research Clinical Gastroenterology - May 22, 2017 Category: Gastroenterology Source Type: research

A review of nanotechnological approaches for the prophylaxis of HIV/AIDS.
Abstract Successful treatment and control of HIV/AIDS is one of the biggest challenges of 21st century. More than 33 million individuals are infected with HIV worldwide and more than 2 million new cases of HIV infection have been reported. The situation demands development of effective prevention strategies to control the pandemic of AIDS. Due to lack of availability of an effective HIV vaccine, antiretroviral drugs and nucleic acid therapeutics like siRNA have been explored for HIV prophylaxis. Clinical trials shave shown that antiretroviral drugs, tenofovir and emtricitabine can offer some degree of HIV preventi...
Source: Biomaterials - May 28, 2013 Category: Materials Science Authors: Date AA, Destache CJ Tags: Biomaterials Source Type: research