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Specialty: Reproduction Medicine
Condition: Pregnancy

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Total 71 results found since Jan 2013.

The SARS-CoV-2 receptor, Angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) is required for human endometrial stromal cell decidualization.
Abstract The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) first appeared in December 2019 and rapidly spread throughout the world. The SARS-CoV-2 virus enters the host cells by binding to the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE2). Although much of the focus is on respiratory symptoms, recent reports suggest that SARS-CoV-2 can cause pregnancy complications such as pre-term birth and miscarriages; and women with COVID-19 had maternal vascular malperfusion and decidual arteriopathy in their placentas. Here, we report that ACE2 protein is expressed in both endometrial epithelial and stromal cells in the proliferative phase of ...
Source: Biology of Reproduction - November 18, 2020 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Chadchan SB, Popli P, Maurya VK, Kommagani R Tags: Biol Reprod Source Type: research

Osteoprotegerin interacts with syndecan-1 to promote human endometrial stromal decidualization by decreasing Akt phosphorylation
In this study, based on a number of approaches, it was demonstrated that OPG mediated the repression of Akt that occurs during human stromal cell decidualization, however, the molecular link between OPG and Akt signaling was not determined, and still requires further exploration.WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGSOPG is required for decidualization, and a decrease in OPG levels is associated with RPL. These findings provide a new candidate molecule for the diagnosis and potential treatment of RPL.STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTEREST(S)This work was supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China U1605223 (...
Source: Human Reproduction - October 13, 2020 Category: Reproduction Medicine Source Type: research

Interleukin-13 receptor subunit alpha-2 is a target of progesterone receptor and steroid receptor coactivator-1 in the mouse uterus †.
In this study, we employed PGR knockout mice (PRKO) and steroid receptor coactivator-1 knockout mice (SRC-1-/-) to profile the expression of Il13ra2 in the murine endometrium and determine the role of these transcriptional regulators in the hormone-responsiveness of Il13ra2 expression. Furthermore, we utilized a well-established decidualization-inducing steroidogenic cocktail and a siRNA-based knockdown of IL13RA2 to determine the importance of IL13RA2 in the decidualization of primary human endometrial stromal cells. Our findings demonstrate that Il13ra2 is expressed in the sub-epithelial stroma of the murine endometrium ...
Source: Biology of Reproduction - June 18, 2020 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Marquardt RM, Lee K, Kim TH, Lee B, DeMayo FJ, Jeong JW Tags: Biol Reprod Source Type: research

hCG improves luteal function and promotes progesterone output through the activation of JNK pathway in the luteal granulosa cells of the stimulated IVF cycles.
Abstract Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) is a luteotropic hormone that promotes the survival and steroidogenic activity of corpus luteum by acting through LH receptors expressed on luteinized theca and granulosa cells. Therefore, it is used to support luteal phase in IVF cycles in order to improve clinical pregnancy rates and prevent miscarriage. However, the molecular mechanism underlying this action of hCG is not well-characterized. To address this question we designed an in vitro translational research study on the luteal granulosa cells (GCs) obtained from 58 IVF patients. hCG treatment at different concent...
Source: Reproductive Biology - March 11, 2020 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Bildik G, Akin N, Esmaeilian Y, Hela F, Yakin K, Onder T, Urman B, Oktem O Tags: Biol Reprod Source Type: research

Reduced expression of PD-L1 in autoimmune thyroiditis attenuate trophoblast invasion through ERK/MMP pathway.
CONCLUSION: AIT inhibits ERK/MMP-2 and MMP-9 pathways through PD-L1 reduction, attenuates embryonic trophoblast invasion and ultimalely induces miscarriage ultimately. PMID: 31656199 [PubMed - in process]
Source: Reproductive Biology - October 26, 2019 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Chen M, Gilbert N, Liu H Tags: Reprod Biol Endocrinol Source Type: research

Endogenous retrovirus-encoded Syncytin-2 contributes to exosome-mediated immunosuppression of T cells.
Abstract Modulation of the activation status of immune cell populations during pregnancy depends on placental villous cytotrophoblast (VCT) cells and the syncytiotrophoblast (STB) layer. Failure in the establishment of this immunoregulatory function leads to pregnancy complications. Our laboratory has been studying Syncytin-2 (Syn-2), an endogenous retroviral protein expressed in placenta and on the surface of placental exosomes. This protein plays an important role in STB formation through its fusogenic properties, but also possesses an active immunosuppressive domain (ISD). Considering that Syn-2 expression is i...
Source: Biology of Reproduction - July 17, 2019 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Lokossou AG, Toudic C, Nguyen PT, Elisseeff X, Vargas A, Rassart É, Lafond J, Leduc L, Bourgault S, Gilbert C, Scorza T, Tolosa J, Barbeau B Tags: Biol Reprod Source Type: research

Role of epithelial-mesenchymal transition regulated by twist basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor 2 (Twist2) in embryo implantation in mice.
Abstract In a previous study we found the expression of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) biomarkers, including E-cadherin and N-cadherin, was significantly altered in uterine endometrium during embryo implantation via regulation by microRNA (miRNA)-429 and protocadherin-8 (Pcdh8). As a natural continuation of the previous study, the aim of the present study was to explore the role of EMT during embryo implantation and the potential activity of twist basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor 2 (Twist2) in regulating embryo implantation. A pregnancy model was established by naturally mating adult female ICR...
Source: Reproduction, Fertility, and Development - February 20, 2019 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Gou J, Hu T, Li L, Xue L, Zhao X, Yi T, Li Z Tags: Reprod Fertil Dev Source Type: research

Low MFN2 expression related to ageing in granulosa cells is associated with assisted reproductive technology outcome
ConclusionsLow MFN2 expression levels in granulosa cells were related to ageing, which may be involved in the clinical outcome of ART by promoting cell apoptosis and affecting mitochondrial function.
Source: Reproductive BioMedicine Online - December 15, 2018 Category: Reproduction Medicine Source Type: research

Bromodomain protein BRD4 is increased in human placentas from women with early-onset preeclampsia
In conclusion, these findings suggest BRD4 may play a central role in propagating inflammation and endothelial dysfunction associated with the pathophysiology of early-onset preeclampsia.
Source: Reproduction - May 10, 2018 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Liong, S., Barker, G., Lappas, M. Tags: Research Source Type: research

Changes in keratin 8/18 expression in human granulosa cell lineage are associated to cell death/survival events: potential implications for the maintenance of the ovarian reserve
This study describes, for the first time, the existence of sub-populations of primordial follicles on the basis of K8/K18 expression in granulosa cells, and that their proportions change with age. While a progressive increase in K8/K18 expression cannot be ruled out, our data are consistent with the hypothesis that primordial follicles expressing low levels of K8/K18 are preferentially ablated by follicle attrition, while primordial follicles showing high K8/K18 levels are those predominantly recruited into the growing pool. This suggests that K8/K18 expression could constitute a novel factor regulating primordial follicle...
Source: Human Reproduction - February 1, 2018 Category: Reproduction Medicine Source Type: research

CDKN1C (P57): one of the determinants of human endometrial stromal cell decidualization.
Abstract Decidualization is regulated by crosstalk of progesterone and the cAMP pathway. It involves extensive reprogramming of gene expression and includes a wide range of functions. To investigate how cell cycle regulatory genes drive the human endometrial stromal cell (ESC) exit cell cycle and enter differentiation, primary cultured ESC was treated with 8-Br-cAMP and MPA and cell cycle distribution was investigated by flow cytometry. High-throughput cell cycle regulatory gene expression was also studied by microarray. To validate the results of microarray chip, immunohistochemistry and semi-quantitative method ...
Source: Biology of Reproduction - January 9, 2018 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Wang L, Yang H, Hu L, Hu D, Ma S, Sun X, Jiang L, Song J, Ji L, Masau JF, Zhang H, Qian K Tags: Biol Reprod Source Type: research

Human Endometrial Stromal Cell Decidualization Requires Transcriptional Reprogramming by PLZF.
Abstract Infertility and early embryo-miscarriage is linked to inadequate endometrial decidualization. Although transcriptional reprogramming is known to drive decidualization in response to progesterone, the key signaling effectors that directly mediate this hormone response are not fully known. This knowledge-gap is clinically significant because identifying the early signals that directly mediate progesterone-driven decidualization will address some of the current limitations in diagnosing and therapeutically treating patients at most risk for early pregnancy loss. We recently revealed that the promyelocytic le...
Source: Biology of Reproduction - November 25, 2017 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Szwarc MM, Hai L, Gibbons WE, Peavey MC, White LD, Mo Q, Lonard DM, Kommagani R, Lanz RB, DeMayo FJ, Lydon JP Tags: Biol Reprod Source Type: research

WNK lysine deficient protein kinase 1 regulates human endometrial stromal cell decidualization, proliferation and migration in part through mitogen-activated protein kinase 7.
Abstract The differentiation of endometrial stromal cells into decidual cells, termed decidualization, is an integral step in the establishment of pregnancy. The mitogen-activated protein kinase homolog, WNK lysine deficient protein kinase 1 (WNK1), is activated downstream of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) during decidualization. Primary human endometrial stromal cells (HESCs) were subjected to siRNA knockdown of WNK1 followed by in vitro decidualization. This abrogated expression of the decidual marker genes, IGFBP1 and PRL, and prevented adoption of decidual cell morphology. Analysis of the WNK1-depende...
Source: Biology of Reproduction - August 30, 2017 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Adams NR, Vasquez YM, Mo Q, Gibbons W, Kovanci E, DeMayo FJ Tags: Biol Reprod Source Type: research

NLRP7 contributes to in vitro decidualization of endometrial stromal cells.
CONCLUSIONS: NLRP7 was upregulated and translocated to the nucleus of the endometrial stromal cells in an in vitro decidualization model. Overexpressed NLRP7 promoted the IGFBP-1 expression and PR reporter activation. IGFBP-1 expression decreased with the knockdown of NLRP7. Therefore, we suggest that NLRP7 contributes to in vitro decidualization of endometrial stromal cells. PMID: 28810880 [PubMed - in process]
Source: Reproductive Biology - August 15, 2017 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Huang JY, Yu PH, Li YC, Kuo PL Tags: Reprod Biol Endocrinol Source Type: research

ITGAV (alpha v integrins) bind SPP1 (osteopontin) to support trophoblast cell adhesion
This study determined whether alpha v (av) integrins (ITGAV) directly mediate porcine trophoblast cell adhesion to secreted phosphoprotein 1 (SPP1, also known as osteopontin (OPN)) and examined the temporal/spatial expression of ITGAV, beta 3 (b3, ITGB3) and beta 6 (b6, ITGB6) integrin subunits, and SPP1, at the uterine–placental interface of pigs. Knockdown of ITGAV in porcine Tr (pTr2) cells by siRNA reduced pTr2 attachment to SPP1. In situ hybridization confirmed the presence of ITGAV, ITGB3 and ITGB6 mRNAs in uterine LE and conceptus Tr between Days 9 and 60 of gestation, with no change in the magnitude of expres...
Source: Reproduction - April 6, 2017 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Frank, J. W., Seo, H., Burghardt, R. C., Bayless, K. J., Johnson, G. A. Tags: Research Source Type: research