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Contribution of routine cardiac biological markers to the etiological workup of ischemic stroke
Optimization of the detection of atrial fibrillation following stroke is mandatory. Unfortunately, access to long-term cardiac monitoring is limited in many centers. The aim of this study was to assess the potential usefulness of three routine biological markers, troponin, D-dimers and BNP, measured in acute stroke phase in the selection of patients at risk of cardio-embolic stroke.
Source: The American Journal of Emergency Medicine - May 17, 2018 Category: Emergency Medicine Authors: C. Tomich, J.S. Liegey, S. Sagnier, S. Olindo, M. Poli, S. Debruxelles, F. Rouanet, P. Renou, I. Sibon Source Type: research

Good outcome after intravenous thrombolysis for acute stroke in a patient under treatment with dabigatran
We describe an unusual case of treatment IV rt-PA for acute ischemic stroke in a patient receiving dabigatran for AF.
Source: The American Journal of Emergency Medicine - April 18, 2014 Category: Emergency Medicine Authors: Cátia Diogo, Josiana Duarte, Sofia Sobral, Paula Pestana, Hipólito Nzwalo, Henrique Rita, José Sousa e Costa Tags: Case Report Source Type: research

Stroke Prevention for Patients with Atrial Fibrillation: Values and Preferences of Canadian Emergency Medicine Trainees
Atrial Fibrillation (AF) is the most common serious cardiac arrhythmia and it is associated with a five-fold increase in the risk of ischemic stroke[1–3]. This risk can be reduced by up to 64% with oral anticoagulation (OAC)[4]. Many patients are first diagnosed with atrial fibrillation (AF) in the context of visit to the emergency department (ED) and AF can account for 1% or more of ED visits[5–7]. Clinical risk stratification for stroke and bleeding and subsequent prescription of OAC are the cornerstones of management of AF.
Source: The American Journal of Emergency Medicine - May 12, 2016 Category: Emergency Medicine Authors: William F. McIntyre, Zardasht Oqab, Payam Yazdan-Ashoori, Kieran L. Quinn, Erik M. van Oosten, Wilma M. Hopman, Adrian Baranchuk Tags: Correspondence Source Type: research

Stroke prevention for patients with atrial fibrillation: values and preferences of Canadian emergency medicine trainees
Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common serious cardiac arrhythmia, and it is associated with a 5-fold increase in the risk of ischemic stroke [1 –3] . This risk can be reduced by up to 64% with oral anticoagulation (OAC) [4] . Many patients are first diagnosed with AF in the context of visit to the emergency department (ED), and AF can account for 1% or more of ED visits [5–7] . Clinical risk stratification for stroke and bleeding and subsequent prescription of OAC are the cornerstones of management of AF.
Source: The American Journal of Emergency Medicine - May 12, 2016 Category: Emergency Medicine Authors: William F. McIntyre, Zardasht Oqab, Payam Yazdan-Ashoori, Kieran L. Quinn, Erik M. van Oosten, Wilma M. Hopman, Adrian Baranchuk Tags: Correspondence Source Type: research

Stroke Prevention in Real-life Practice
We have greatly enjoyed reading the recently published article by McIntyre et al. (1). The authors distributed a 16-question, web-based survey to Canadian residency programs and each scenario involved a 76-year-old man with new atrial fibrillation (AF) and a CHADS2 score of 3. The authors revealed the discordance between clinical guidelines for stroke prevention in AF and the practice of Canadian emergency medicine residents. Despite ranking the risk of adverse events as their most important consideration and the superior safety profile of that non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants (NOACs), residents underused this ...
Source: The American Journal of Emergency Medicine - June 5, 2016 Category: Emergency Medicine Authors: Özcan Başaran, Volkan Doğan, Eda Özlek, Bülent Özlek, Murat Biteker Source Type: research

Stroke prevention in real-life practice
We have greatly enjoyed reading the recently published article by McIntyre et al [1] . The authors distributed a 16-question, Web-based survey to Canadian residency programs and each scenario involved a 76-year-old man with new atrial fibrillation (AF) and a CHADS2 score of 3. The authors revealed the discordance between clinical guidelines for stroke prevention in AF and the practice of Canadian emergency medicine residents. Despite ranking the risk of adverse events as their most important consideration and the superior safety profile of those non –vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants (NOACs), residents underused ...
Source: The American Journal of Emergency Medicine - June 5, 2016 Category: Emergency Medicine Authors: Özcan Başaran, Volkan Doğan, Eda Özlek, Bülent Özlek, Murat Biteker Tags: Correspondence Source Type: research

Simultaneous thrombosis of 2 vascular territories: is thrombolytic therapy a better option?
We have read with great interest the article by Akyuz and colleagues in the American Journal of Emergency Medicine and congratulate them for their observation. Their case exemplifies the concurrent occurrence of ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) and posterior circulation stroke that was eventually managed with thrombolytic therapy. Simultaneous thrombosis of 2 distant vascular territories is a rare and complicated clinical scenario. In these instances, there is usually an underlying cause linking both thrombotic events rather than being a mere coincidence. We have previously described the myocardial infarc...
Source: The American Journal of Emergency Medicine - July 1, 2013 Category: Emergency Medicine Authors: Hesham R. Omar, Devanand Mangar, Enrico M. Camporesi Tags: Correspondence Source Type: research

Dabigatran-related coagulopathy: when can we assume the effect has “worn off”?
This issue of American Journal of Emergency Medicine presents a timely report that should be noted by all practicing emergency physicians. Nzwalo et al [1] describe a 61-year-old man with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation, taking 150 mg dabigatran twice daily for stroke protection, who presented to their emergency department (ED) with an acute ischemic stroke (AIS). The patient had a normal creatinine clearance and a normal thrombin time (TT). He was treated with intravenous recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rt-PA) with good neurologic outcome and no bleeding complications.
Source: The American Journal of Emergency Medicine - August 28, 2014 Category: Emergency Medicine Authors: Charles V. Pollack, Jerrold H. Levy, John Eikelboom, Jeffrey I. Weitz, Frank W. Sellke, Menno V. Huisman, Thorsten Steiner, Pieter Kamphuisen, Richard A. Bernstein Tags: Controversies Source Type: research

The challenge of coprescription of antiplatelet therapy and oral anticoagulants
The coexistence of symptomatic carotid artery stenosis and nonvalvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF) in the recently reported 85year old man [1] bears out the findings of the study which documented a 24.3% prevalence of high-grade (50% or more) carotid artery stenosis among 103 consecutive NVAF patients (mean age 69) who presented with stroke [2]. Among these patients with high-grade stenosis 66.7% had stenosis ipsilateral to the cerebral infarct [2]. Given the fact that patients with symptomatic carotid artery stenosis are at high risk of stroke recurrence and/or worsening neurological disability during the first 14days foll...
Source: The American Journal of Emergency Medicine - May 22, 2017 Category: Emergency Medicine Authors: Oscar M.P. Jolobe Source Type: research

Subconjunctival hemorrhage in a patient on dabigatran (Pradaxa)
Dabigatran is a direct thrombin inhibitor that has gained increasing popularity for prevention of thromboembolic events such as stroke, pulmonary embolism, and myocardial ischemia. Because of the increasing use of this drug, emergency department (ED) physicians are going to be evaluating patients taking this medication. It is important to understand the potential for ocular bleeding complications associated with this class of anticoagulant. Traditionally, patients have been placed on vitamin K antagonists to decrease the risk of thromboembolism. In the RE-LY and RE-COVER studies, dabigatran showed non-inferiority to coumad...
Source: The American Journal of Emergency Medicine - September 24, 2012 Category: Emergency Medicine Authors: Tam M. Nguyen, Michael P. Phelan, Xiang Q. Werdich, Paul J. Rychwalski, Christopher M. Huff Tags: Case Reports Source Type: research

Fatal dabigatran toxicity secondary to acute renal failure
We describe the case of a 74-year-old man taking dabigatran 150 mg twice daily for atrial fibrillation who presented to the emergency department after 20 mL of hematemesis at home. Laboratory evaluation revealed a partial thromboplastin time of 99 seconds, international normalized ratio of 11.7, and creatine of 3.1 mg/dL (baseline creatine, 0.9 mg/dL). Upper endoscopy revealed diffuse gastritis and bleeding. Despite treatment with packed red blood cells and fresh frozen plasma, the patient's hematemesis persisted resulting in significant aspiration requiring endotracheal intubation. Per poison control center recommendation...
Source: The American Journal of Emergency Medicine - November 19, 2012 Category: Emergency Medicine Authors: Joseph K. Maddry, Mana Kouros Amir, Daniel Sessions, Kennon Heard Tags: Case Reports Source Type: research

Abnormal troponin level as short-term predictor of poor outcome in acute atrial fibrillation
Abstract: Background: The link between minor troponin (cardiac troponin I [cTnI]) elevations and atrial fibrillation (AF) is still debated.Methods: A total of 948 patients with AF lasting less than 48 hours participated in the study and were required to undergo 1-month and 12-month follow-up. The exclusion criteria were represented by younger than 18 years, the presence of hemodynamic instability, or severe comorbidity. Primary end point was the composite of ischemic vascular events inclusive of stroke, acute coronary syndrome, revascularization, and death.Results: In the short term, 4 patients (5%) of 78 with abnormal cTn...
Source: The American Journal of Emergency Medicine - February 11, 2013 Category: Emergency Medicine Authors: Alberto Conti, Yuri Mariannini, Gabriele Viviani, Claudio Poggioni, Gabriele Cerini, Margherita Luzzi, Maurizio Zanobetti, Francesca Innocenti, Luigi Padeletti, Gian Franco Gensini Tags: Original Contributions Source Type: research

Troponin rise and poor outcome in patients with acute atrial fibrillation: rationale and criteria of selection of patients
The role of new onset atrial fibrillation (AF) as a marker of thromboembolic risk has been demonstrated in the setting of acute myocardial infarction . Thus, someone might inquire the role of acute AF in patients with abnormal troponin not fulfilling criteria of acute myocardial infarction and might question if the minor reported range of troponin I (cTn-I) values in the study population of Conti et al (from 0.15 to 7.0 ng/mL) may not be linked with a secondary ischemic mechanism, likely an imbalance between demand and supply . However, the independent predictive value of abnormal troponin for a composite of stroke, acute ...
Source: The American Journal of Emergency Medicine - May 22, 2013 Category: Emergency Medicine Authors: Alberto Conti, Yuri Mariannini, Erica Canuti Tags: Correspondence Source Type: research

Painless aortic dissection: thrombolytic and antithrombotic vigilance
We thank Huang et al for their interesting article on identification of painless aortic dissection (AD) before thrombolytic treatment for acute ischemic stroke. We would like to emphasize the importance of being vigilant to AD before initiating any contraindicated therapy. We recently had an 84-year-old man with history of atrial fibrillation and transient ischemic attack who presented to the emergency department with acute shortness of breath without chest pain. The symptom contributed to atrial fibrillation with rapid ventricular response. Chest x-ray showed increased soft tissue prominence of the aortic arch suspicious ...
Source: The American Journal of Emergency Medicine - May 20, 2013 Category: Emergency Medicine Authors: Promporn Suksaranjit, Kunatum Prasidthrathsint, Wonngarm Kittanamongkolchai, Supawat Ratanapo, Narat Srivali, Daych Chongnarungsin Tags: Correspondence Source Type: research

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