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Early Wallerian Degeneration in a Neonate With Middle Carotid Artery Stroke
A 23-day-old girl with a history of transposition of the great arteries, ventricular septal defect, pulmonary stenosis, and placement of right modified Blalock-Taussig shunt complicated by thrombosis at age 9 days of life presented with episodes of upper extremity extension and gasping respirations concerning for seizure. Brain magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated an extensive, acute right middle carotid artery territory stroke with occlusion of the right proximal middle carotid artery. There was also a small left frontal stroke.
Source: Pediatric Neurology - October 31, 2014 Category: Neurology Authors: Olga D. Taraschenko, Charles Nichter, John A. Pugh Tags: Visual Diagnosis Source Type: research

Advantages of susceptibility‐weighted magnetic resonance sequences in the visualization of intravascular thrombi in acute ischemic stroke
ConclusionsSWAN was more sensitive than T2* in the visualization of SVS in the intracranial arteries during the acute phase of ischemic stroke. Our study shows that the low number of SVS visualized using T2* in previous studies is probably related to a lack of sensitivity of the sequence, rather than to the nature or age of the thrombus. The greater sensitivity of SWAN seems to be linked to the visualization of SVS in cases of small thrombi.
Source: International Journal of Stroke - October 1, 2014 Category: Neurology Authors: R. Allibert, C. Billon Grand, F. Vuillier, F. Cattin, E. Muzard, A. Biondi, T. Moulin, E. Medeiros Tags: Short Report Source Type: research

Cervical Arterial Dissections and Association With Cervical Manipulative Therapy: A Statement for Healthcare Professionals From the American Heart Association/American Stroke Association AHA/ASA Scientific Statement
Conclusions— CD is an important cause of ischemic stroke in young and middle-aged patients. CD is most prevalent in the upper cervical spine and can involve the internal carotid artery or vertebral artery. Although current biomechanical evidence is insufficient to establish the claim that CMT causes CD, clinical reports suggest that mechanical forces play a role in a considerable number of CDs and most population controlled studies have found an association between CMT and VAD stroke in young patients. Although the incidence of CMT-associated CD in patients who have previously received CMT is not well established, an...
Source: Stroke - September 22, 2014 Category: Neurology Authors: Biller, J., Sacco, R. L., Albuquerque, F. C., Demaerschalk, B. M., Fayad, P., Long, P. H., Noorollah, L. D., Panagos, P. D., Schievink, W. I., Schwartz, N. E., Shuaib, A., Thaler, D. E., Tirschwell, D. L., on behalf of the American Heart Association Strok Tags: AHA Statements and Guidelines AHA/ASA Scientific Statement Source Type: research

Thrombolysis in Ischemic Stroke Without Arterial Occlusion at Presentation Clinical Sciences
Conclusions— This study provides crucial data that patients with ischemic stroke who do not have visible arterial occlusion at presentation may benefit from thrombolysis.
Source: Stroke - August 25, 2014 Category: Neurology Authors: Lahoti, S., Gokhale, S., Caplan, L., Michel, P., Samson, Y., Rosso, C., Limaye, K., Hinduja, A., Singhal, A., Ali, S., Pettigrew, L. C., Kryscio, R., Dedhia, N., Hastak, S., Liebeskind, D. S. Tags: Cerebral Lacunes, Embolic stroke, Computerized tomography and Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Pathology of Stroke, Thrombolysis Clinical Sciences Source Type: research

Fatal Intracranial Hemorrhage after Intravenous Thrombolytic Therapy for Acute Ischemic Stroke Associated with Cancer-related Nonbacterial Thrombotic Endocarditis
Nonbacterial thrombotic endocarditis (NBTE) is associated with hypercoagulability in patients with inflammatory states such as cancer and autoimmune diseases. Cardiac vegetations caused by NBTE often lead to life-threatening systemic thromboembolism that most frequently affects the brain, spleen, and kidneys. A 54-year-old woman diagnosed with ovarian cancer suddenly developed back pain and left hemiparesis. Although intravenous alteplase (rt-PA) therapy was administered to treat hyperacute ischemic infarction detected by magnetic resonance imaging, intracranial hemorrhage occurred in the left hemisphere several hours late...
Source: Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases - August 11, 2014 Category: Neurology Authors: Takuya Yagi, Kie Takahashi, Mariko Tanikawa, Morinobu Seki, Takato Abe, Norihiro Suzuki Tags: Case Reports Source Type: research

Vessel Wall Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Acute Ischemic Stroke: Effects of Embolism and Mechanical Thrombectomy on the Arterial Wall Clinical Sciences
Conclusions— Mechanical thrombectomy results in intracranial arterial wall thickening and enhancement, potentially mimicking the VW-MRI appearance of primary arteritis. This arterial wall abnormality is less common in patients with arterial occlusion who have been treated with medical therapy alone.
Source: Stroke - July 28, 2014 Category: Neurology Authors: Power, S., Matouk, C., Casaubon, L. K., Silver, F. L., Krings, T., Mikulis, D. J., Mandell, D. M. Tags: Embolic stroke, Computerized tomography and Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Pathology of Stroke, Primary and Secondary Stroke Prevention Clinical Sciences Source Type: research

Cerebral Dural Sinus Thrombosis Associated with Adenomyosis: A Case Report
This report emphasizes the possible relationship between CVT and adenomyosis.
Source: Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases - May 2, 2014 Category: Neurology Authors: Kenya Nishioka, Ryota Tanaka, Satoshi Tsutsumi, Kazuo Yamashiro, Mariko Nakahara, Hideki Shimura, Nobutaka Hattori, Takao Urabe Tags: Case Reports Source Type: research

In Vitro and In Vivo Evaluation of a Magnetic Resonance Imaging–guided Focused Ultrasound System for Dissolving Clots in Combination with Thrombolytic Drugs
Conclusions: The MRgFUS technique was proven successful in dissolving clots in vitro and in vivo. It was found that the volume of dissolved clot increases with acoustic intensity and beam size and decreases with frequency. With this system, it was possible to push ultrasound through a plastic phantom skull using a .5 MHz transducer. The beam of ultrasound through the phantom skull was monitored using the MRI technique of fast spoiled gradient. Finally, the thrombus in the in vivo model (ear artery) was successfully destroyed with the therapeutic protocols investigated in the in vitro models. This study shows that FUS ...
Source: Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases - May 1, 2014 Category: Neurology Authors: Christakis Damianou, Venediktos Hadjisavvas, Kleanthis Ioannides Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research

Intracranial Venous Sinus Thrombosis: Report of Three Cases (P6.255)
CONCLUSIONS: Recently, the diagnosis of Intracranial Sinus Thrombosis has increased due to rising clinical awareness especially in patients with some risk factors. Initial anticoagulation with heparin is reasonable, regardless of the presence of intracranial hemorrhage. MRI and MRV have become in important diagnostic tools.Study Supported by: No oneDisclosure: Dr. Reyes Garay has nothing to disclose. Dr. Sueldo Feijoo has nothing to disclose. Dr. Gavidia Chucan has nothing to disclose.
Source: Neurology - April 9, 2014 Category: Neurology Authors: Reyes Garay, H., Sueldo Feijoo, C., Gavidia Chucan, J. M. Tags: Cerebrovascular Disease and Interventional Neurology: Case Reports Source Type: research

Susceptibility weighted magnetic resonance imaging of brain: A multifaceted powerful sequence that adds to understanding of acute stroke
Conclusions: SWI has been previously shown to be sensitive in detecting hemorrhage; however is not routinely used in stroke evaluation. Our study shows that SWI, by virtue of identifying unsuspected hemorrhage, central occluded vessel, and venous congestion is additive in value to the routine MR exam and should be part of a routine MR brain in patients suspected of having an acute infarct.
Source: Annals of Indian Academy of Neurology - March 12, 2014 Category: Neurology Authors: Deepti NaikSanjaya ViswamitraAshok A KumarMG Srinath Source Type: research

Alpha 1-Antitrypsin Therapy Mitigated Ischemic Stroke Damage in Rats
Our objective is to develop a new therapy for the treatment of stroke. Currently, the only effective therapy for acute ischemic stroke is the thrombolytic agent recombinant tissue plasminogen activator. α1-Antitrypsin (AAT), a serine proteinase inhibitor with potent anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic, antimicrobial, and cytoprotective activities, could be beneficial in stroke. The goal of this study is to test whether AAT can improve ischemic stroke outcome in an established rat model. Middle cerebral artery occlusion was induced in male rats via intracranial (i.c.) microinjection of endothelin-1. Five to 10 minutes after...
Source: Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases - March 3, 2014 Category: Neurology Authors: Huong L. Moldthan, Aaron C. Hirko, Jeffrey S. Thinschmidt, Maria B. Grant, Zhimin Li, Joanna Peris, Yuanqing Lu, Ahmed S. Elshikha, Michael A. King, Jeffrey A. Hughes, Sihong Song Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research

Recurrent Ischemic Stroke in a Patient with the Trousseau Syndrome Treated with Dabigatran
A 70-year-old man with multiple ischemic strokes was diagnosed with cardiac embolism and treated with dabigatran. Three months later, he suddenly developed vertigo and vomiting. Magnetic resonance imaging, showed recurrent lesions and blood tests revealed hypercoagulability, hypoproteinemia, and elevated cytokeratin 19 fragments that serve as a tumor marker of lung cancer. Chest computed tomography showed there were small nodules in bilateral lungs and swollen mediastinal lymph nodes. A conclusive diagnosis was impossible because the patient declined invasive procedures. We suspected primary lung cancer and diagnosed conco...
Source: Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases - February 21, 2014 Category: Neurology Authors: Kosuke Yoshida, Takashi Kimura, Yoko Aburakawa, Yasuhiro Suzuki, Kenji Kuroda, Osamu Yahara Tags: Case Reports Source Type: research

Cerebral Venous Thrombosis: Clinical Features, Risk Factors, and Long-term Outcome in a Tunisian Cohort
Conclusions: Our Tunisian population presented distinct risk factors profile with high frequency of thrombophilia, infections, and postpartum state. Oral contraceptive use is not a major risk factor in our population. The overall prognosis was good.
Source: Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases - January 24, 2014 Category: Neurology Authors: Youssef Sidhom, Malek Mansour, Mariem Messelmani, Hajer Derbali, Nejiba Fekih-Mrissa, Jamel Zaouali, Ridha Mrissa Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research

Processes of early stroke care and hospital costs
ConclusionsEarly care in agreement with key guidelines recommendations for the management of patients with stroke may be associated with hospital savings.
Source: International Journal of Stroke - December 19, 2013 Category: Neurology Authors: Marie Louise Svendsen, Lars H. Ehlers, Heidi H. Hundborg, Annette Ingeman, Søren P. Johnsen Tags: Research Source Type: research

Clot Length Distribution and Predictors in Anterior Circulation Stroke: Implications for Intra-Arterial Therapy Brief Reports
Conclusions— The majority of anterior circulation proximal occlusions are ≥8 mm long, helping to explain the low published rates of intravenous tissue-type plasminogen activator recanalization. Internal carotid artery-terminus occlusion is an excellent marker for clot length ≥8 mm; vessel-imaging status alone may be sufficient. Thin-section noncontrast computed tomography seems useful for patients with middle cerebral artery occlusion because of the wide variability of clot lengths.
Source: Stroke - November 25, 2013 Category: Neurology Authors: Kamalian, S., Morais, L. T., Pomerantz, S. R., Aceves, M., Sit, S. P., Bose, A., Hirsch, J. A., Lev, M. H., Yoo, A. J. Tags: Acute Cerebral Infarction, Computerized tomography and Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Thrombolysis, Other Stroke Treatment - Surgical Brief Reports Source Type: research

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