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Hyper-acute EEG alterations predict functional and morphological outcomes in thrombolysis-treated ischemic stroke: a wireless EEG study
AbstractOwing to the large inter-subject variability, early post-stroke prognosis is challenging, and objective biomarkers that can provide further prognostic information are still needed. The relation between quantitative EEG parameters in pre-thrombolysis hyper-acute phase and outcomes has still to be investigated. Hence, possible correlations between early EEG biomarkers, measured on bedside wireless EEG, and short-term/long-term functional and morphological outcomes were investigated in thrombolysis-treated strokes. EEG with a wireless device was performed in 20 patients with hyper-acute (<  4.5 h from onset) ant...
Source: Medical and Biological Engineering and Computing - December 4, 2020 Category: Biomedical Engineering Source Type: research

Efficacy of Sonothrombolysis Using Microbubbles Produced by a Catheter-Based Microfluidic Device in a Rat Model of Ischemic Stroke.
Abstract Limitations of existing thrombolytic therapies for acute ischemic stroke have motivated the development of catheter-based approaches that utilize no or low doses of thrombolytic drugs combined with a mechanical action to either dissolve or extract the thrombus. Sonothrombolysis accelerates thrombus dissolution via the application of ultrasound combined with microbubble contrast agents and low doses of thrombolytics to mechanically disrupt the fibrin mesh. In this work, we studied the efficacy of catheter-directed sonothrombolysis in a rat model of ischemic stroke. Microbubbles of 10-20 µm diameter with ...
Source: Annals of Biomedical Engineering - January 28, 2019 Category: Biomedical Engineering Authors: Dixon AJ, Li J, Rickel JR, Klibanov AL, Zuo Z, Hossack JA Tags: Ann Biomed Eng Source Type: research

Effective management of patients with acute ischemic stroke based on lean production on thrombolytic flow optimization
In this study, we aimed to determine whether applying lean principles to flow optimization could hasten the initiation of thrombolysis. A multidisciplinary team (Stroke Team) was organized to implement an ongoing, continuous loop of lean production that contained the following steps: decomposition, recognition, intervention, reengineering and assessment. The door-to-needle time (DNT) and the percentage of patients with DNT ≤ 60 min before and after the adoption of lean principles were used to evaluate the efficiency of our flow optimization. Thirteen patients with AIS in the pre-lean period and 43 patients with AIS in...
Source: Australasian Physical and Engineering Sciences in Medicine - April 18, 2016 Category: Biomedical Engineering Source Type: research

A Computational Framework for Personalized Blood Flow Analysis in the Human Left Atrium.
In this study, our aim was to develop a clinically feasible methodology to perform personalized blood flow analysis within the heart. We propose an alternative computational approach to perform personalized blood flow analysis by providing the three-dimensional LA endocardial surface motion estimated from patient-specific cardiac CT images. In two patients (case 1 and 2), a four-dimensional displacement vector field was estimated using nonrigid registration. The LA blood outflow across the mitral valve (MV) was calculated from the LV volume, and the flow field within the LA was derived from the incompressible Navier-Stokes...
Source: Annals of Biomedical Engineering - March 11, 2016 Category: Biomedical Engineering Authors: Otani T, Al-Issa A, Pourmorteza A, McVeigh ER, Wada S, Ashikaga H Tags: Ann Biomed Eng Source Type: research

Numerical Study of Atrial Fibrillation Effects on Flow Distribution in Aortic Circulation.
Abstract Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common type of arrhythmia, which undermines cardiac function. Atrial fibrillation is a multi-facet malady and it may occur as a result of other diseases or it may trigger other problems. One of the main complications of AF is stroke due to the possibility of clot formation inside the atrium. However, the possibility of stroke occurrence due to the AF and the location from which an embolus dispatches are subject of debate. Another hypothesis about the embolus formation during AF is thrombus formation in aorta and carotid arteries, embolus detachment and its movement. To...
Source: Annals of Biomedical Engineering - January 13, 2020 Category: Biomedical Engineering Authors: Deyranlou A, Naish JH, Miller CA, Revell A, Keshmiri A Tags: Ann Biomed Eng Source Type: research

An experimental and computational study of the inferior vena cava hemodynamics under respiratory-induced collapse of the infrarenal IVC
Pulmonary embolism (PE) is the third most common cause of death from cardiovascular disease, after heart attack and stroke [1]. Usually associated with deep vein thrombosis (DVT), pulmonary embolism occurs when a venous thrombus embolizes and passes through the inferior vena cava (IVC) to the pulmonary arteries. Emboli occluding blood flow to one or both lungs can lead to impaired oxygenation, heart strain, and death [2].
Source: Medical Engineering and Physics - February 24, 2018 Category: Biomedical Engineering Authors: Elisabetta Tedaldi, Chiara Montanari, Kenneth I. Aycock, Francesco Sturla, Alberto Redaelli, Keefe B. Manning Source Type: research

Investigating the Mechanical Behavior of Clot Analogues Through Experimental and Computational Analysis.
Abstract With mechanical thrombectomy emerging as the new standard of care for stroke treatment, clot analogues provide an extremely useful tool in the testing and design of these treatment devices. The aim of this study is to characterise the mechanical behavior of thrombus analogues as a function of composition. Platelet-contracted clot analogues were prepared from blood mixtures of various hematocrits. Mechanical testing was performed whereby clots were subjected to unconfined compression between two rigid plates. Two loading protocols were imposed: cyclic compression for 10 cycles at a constant strain-rate mag...
Source: Annals of Biomedical Engineering - July 19, 2020 Category: Biomedical Engineering Authors: Johnson S, McCarthy R, Gilvarry M, McHugh PE, McGarry JP Tags: Ann Biomed Eng Source Type: research

In Vitro Investigation of the Effect of Left Ventricular Assist Device Speed and Pulsatility Mode on Intraventricular Hemodynamics.
This study showed how LVAD speed, peripheral resistance and afterload impact the complex intraventricular flow patterns in a ventricle implanted with an LVAD and quantify their thrombogenic risk. PMID: 33128182 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Annals of Biomedical Engineering - October 30, 2020 Category: Biomedical Engineering Authors: Chassagne F, Miramontes M, Chivukula VK, Li S, Beckman JA, Mahr C, Aliseda A Tags: Ann Biomed Eng Source Type: research

Numerical study of the effect of LVAD inflow cannula positioning on thrombosis risk
In this study, a fluid structure interaction (FSI) simulation was conducted to evaluate the hemodynamics of a patient specific left ventricle (LV) with varying LVAD IC orientations. The LV model was obtained from computed tomography scans and modeled to have contraction and relaxation during cardiac cycles following available experimental data of LV volume changes. The LV of the patient was assumed to have an end systolic volume of 223.7 mL and a stroke volume of 46.4 mL. Four different IC positions were considered: towards the (1) septum; (2) aortic valve (AV); (3) mitral valve (MV) and (4) inferior wall (IW). The potenti...
Source: Computer Methods in Biomechanics and Biomedical Engineering - October 1, 2021 Category: Biomedical Engineering Authors: Ge He Lu Han Jiafeng Zhang Aakash Shah David J Kaczorowski Bartley P Griffith Zhongjun Wu Source Type: research