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A Case of Transient Global Amnesia: A Review and How It May Shed Further Insight into the Neurobiology of Delusions
Conclusion In closing, our patient’s episode of TGA combined with her emotional and perceptual response lends credence to the proposal of a “fear/paranoia” circuit in the genesis of paranoid delusions—a circuit incorporating amygdala, frontal, and parietal cortices. Here, neutral or irrelevant stimuli, thoughts, and percepts come to engender fear and anxiety, while dysfunction in frontoparietal circuitry engenders inappropriate social predictions and maladaptive inferences about the intentions of others.[54] Hippocampus relays information about contextual information based on past experiences and the current situat...
Source: Innovations in Clinical Neuroscience - April 1, 2016 Category: Neuroscience Authors: ICN Online Editor Tags: Anxiety Disorders Behavioral and Cognitive Neurology Case Report Cognition Current Issue Dementia Medical Issues Neurologic Systems and Symptoms Psychiatry Schizophrenia delusions hippocampus neurobiology Transient global amnesia Source Type: research

Janssen Announces U.S. FDA Approval of PONVORY ™ (ponesimod), an Oral Treatment for Adults with Relapsing Multiple Sclerosis Proven Superior to Aubagio® (teriflunomide) in Reducing Annual Relapses and Brain Lesions
TITUSVILLE, N.J. – (March 19, 2021) – The Janssen Pharmaceutical Companies of Johnson & Johnson today announced that the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved PONVORY™ (ponesimod), a once-daily oral selective sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor 1 (S1P1) modulator, to treat adults with relapsing forms of multiple sclerosis (MS), to include clinically isolated syndrome, relapsing-remitting disease and active secondary progressive disease.1,2,3 PONVORY™ offers MS patients superior efficacy in reducing annualized relapse rates compared to an established oral therapy and a proven safety profile backed by ove...
Source: Johnson and Johnson - March 19, 2021 Category: Pharmaceuticals Tags: Innovation Source Type: news

Study is 1st to quantify ‘ brain hacking ’ tDCS fields
Researchers have successfully visualized the field of effect of transcranial direct current stimulation using a novel magnetic resonance imaging technique, according to a new study. Results from the study were published in the journal Nature last month. Therapeutic procedures with tDCS are used to apply sustained changes in motor evoked potentials, and the technique has been shown to improve symptoms of neurologic and psychiatric disorders including epilepsy, Parkinson’s, depression, stroke and chronic pain. The use of tDCS has even been shown to improve learning, modulate working memory and invoke other cognitive benefi...
Source: Mass Device - October 4, 2016 Category: Medical Equipment Authors: Fink Densford Tags: Clinical Trials Neurological Neuromodulation/Neurostimulation Source Type: news

What Causes Hyperammonemia?
Discussion Reye’s syndrome (RS)is named for Dr. Douglas Reye who along with Drs. G. Morgan and J. Baral described encephalopathy and fatty accumulation and degeneration in children in a 1963 Lancet article. RS usually affects children but can occur at all ages. All organs can be affected but the liver and brain are primarily affected causing liver failure and encephalopathy as toxic metabolites (especially ammonia) accumulate, and intracranial hypertension and cerebral edema occurs. As the ammonia levels begin to rise (> 100 mg/dL) patients lose their appetite, have nausea and emesis and mental status changes whic...
Source: PediatricEducation.org - February 20, 2017 Category: Pediatrics Authors: pediatriceducationmin Tags: Uncategorized Source Type: news

Light-Induced Pupillary Responses in Alzheimer's Disease
Light-Induced Pupillary Responses in Alzheimer's Disease Pratik S. Chougule1, Raymond P. Najjar1,2, Maxwell T. Finkelstein1, Nagaendran Kandiah3,4 and Dan Milea1,2,5* 1Department of Visual Neurosciences, Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore, Singapore 2The Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences ACP, Duke-National University of Singapore (NUS) Medical School, Singapore, Singapore 3Department of Neurology, National Neuroscience Institute, Singapore, Singapore 4Duke-National University of Singapore (NUS), Singapore, Singapore 5Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Singapore The impact of Alzhe...
Source: Frontiers in Neurology - April 11, 2019 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation Use in Warfighting: Benefits, Risks, and Future Prospects
Conclusion The aim of this paper was to examine whether military tDCS use can be efficacious and ethical in military settings. Our assessment is that tDCS offers a number of cognitive, motor, and perceptual enhancement opportunities which could provide value in military situations like training and operations. There is potential scope for use in a number of key areas that directly affect practical battlefield advantage and survivability, such as deceptive capabilities, risk-taking, threat detection, perception, and physiological improvement. Additionally, tDCS has the potential to improve command and control decision maki...
Source: Frontiers in Human Neuroscience - April 17, 2019 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research

The Predictive Capacity of the Buffalo Concussion Treadmill Test After Sport-Related Concussion in Adolescents
Conclusion This study found that the ΔHR (HRt minus resting HR) correlated with duration of clinical recovery in participants who were prescribed relative rest or a placebo-stretching program but not for participants prescribed sub-threshold aerobic exercise. A ΔHR of ≤50 bpm on the BCTT was 73% sensitive and 78% specific for predicting delayed recovery in concussed adolescents prescribed the current standard of care (i.e., cognitive and physical rest). This has implications for planning team and school activities in adolescents who sustain SRC. Ethics Statement This study was carried out in acco...
Source: Frontiers in Neurology - April 23, 2019 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Is This Primary Exertional Headache?
Discussion Commonly occurring primary headaches include tension, cluster and migraine headaches. “Other primary headaches” are often situational. Patients can have more than 1 type of these “other” headaches along with more common headaches. Other primary headaches as a group tend to be self-limited with long remission periods. Some other primary headaches include: Thunderclap headache Explosive sudden onset with maximum intensity in less 1 minute and resolution within 5 minutes usually 43/100,000 persons in adults Primary or secondary Secondary causes include intracranial hemorrhage, stroke, thro...
Source: PediatricEducation.org - November 21, 2022 Category: Pediatrics Authors: Pediatric Education Tags: Uncategorized Source Type: news