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Agreement between self-reported diseases from health surveys and national health registry data: a Danish nationwide study
Conclusion Overall, self-reported data were accurate in identifying individuals without the specific disease (ie, specificity and NPV). However, sensitivity, PPV and kappa varied greatly between diseases. These findings should be considered when interpreting similar results from surveys.
Source: Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health - January 10, 2023 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Jensen, H. A. R., Lau, C. J., Davidsen, M., Ekholm, O., Christensen, A. I. Tags: Original research Source Type: research

Self-report of chronic diseases in old-aged individuals: extent of agreement with general practitioner medical records in the German AugUR study
Conclusion Self-reports may be an effective tool to assess diabetes and cancer in observational studies in the old and very old aged. In contrast, self-reports on heart failure, musculoskeletal, kidney or lung diseases may be substantially imprecise.
Source: Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health - October 10, 2022 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Steinkirchner, A. B., Zimmermann, M. E., Donhauser, F. J., Dietl, A., Brandl, C., Koller, M., Loss, J., Heid, I. M., Stark, K. J. Tags: Open access Original research Source Type: research

Bone mineral density and risk of cardiovascular disease in men and women: the HUNT study
AbstractThe association between bone mineral density (BMD) and cardiovascular disease (CVD) is not fully understood. We evaluated BMD as a risk factor for cardiovascular disease and specifically atrial fibrillation (AF), acute myocardial infarction (AMI), ischemic (IS) and hemorrhagic stroke (HS) and heart failure (HF) in men and women. This prospective population cohort utilized data on 22 857 adults from the second and third surveys of the HUNT Study in Norway free from CVD at baseline. BMD was measured using single and dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry in the non-dominant distal forearm and T-score was calculated. Hazard...
Source: European Journal of Epidemiology - September 13, 2021 Category: Epidemiology Source Type: research

Incidence of Cognitive Impairment during Aging in Rural South Africa: Evidence from HAALSI, 2014 to 2019
Conclusions: This study presents some of the first incidence rate estimates for aging-related cognitive impairment in rural South Africa. Social disparities in incident cognitive impairment rates were apparent in patterns similar to those observed in many high-income countries.Neuroepidemiology
Source: Neuroepidemiology - March 3, 2021 Category: Epidemiology Source Type: research

Dental status is Associated with Incident Functional Disability in Community-Dwelling Older Japanese: A Prospective Cohort Study Using Propensity Score Matching.
CONCLUSIONS: In this prospective cohort study targeting community-dwelling older adults in Japan, less than 20 teeth was confirmed to be an independent risk factor for functional disability even after conducting propensity score matching. This study supports previous publications showing that oral health is associated with functional disability. PMID: 30686817 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Journal of Epidemiology - January 29, 2019 Category: Epidemiology Tags: J Epidemiol Source Type: research

Incidence of cardiovascular events in patients with stabilized coronary heart disease: the EUROASPIRE IV follow-up study
AbstractThe EUROASPIRE surveys (EUROpean Action on Secondary Prevention through Intervention to Reduce Events) demonstrated that most European coronary patients fail to achieve lifestyle, risk factor and therapeutic targets. Here we report on the 2-year incidence of hard cardiovascular (CV) endpoints in the EUROASPIRE IV cohort. EUROASPIRE IV (2012 –2013) was a large cross-sectional study undertaken at 78 centres from selected geographical areas in 24 European countries. Patients were interviewed and examined at least 6 months following hospitalization for a coronary event or procedure. Fatal and non-fatal CV events occ...
Source: European Journal of Epidemiology - October 23, 2018 Category: Epidemiology Source Type: research

Neighborhood geographic disparities in heart attack and stroke mortality: Comparison of global and local modeling approaches
This study investigated neighborhood geographic disparities in myocardial infarction (MI) and stroke mortality risks in middle Tennessee and identified determinants of observed disparities. Descriptive and spatial analyses were performed on MI and stroke mortality data covering the time period 1999–2007. Besag, York and Molliè (BYM) model was used to investigate spatial patterns. Global (BYM) and local models [Poisson Geographically Weighted Generalized Linear Models (GWGLM)] were used to investigate determinants of the identified spatial patterns. Significant (p <0.05) differences in mortality risks by sex, race...
Source: Spatial and Spatio-temporal Epidemiology - November 20, 2014 Category: Epidemiology Source Type: research