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Targeting the RhoA-ROCK pathway to reverse T-cell dysfunction in SLE
Conclusions ROCK activity is elevated in PBMCs from patients with SLE and RA. Production of IL-17 and IL-21 by SLE T cells or Th17 cells can furthermore be inhibited by targeting the RhoA-ROCK pathway via both non-selective and selective approaches.
Source: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases - March 9, 2017 Category: Rheumatology Authors: Rozo, C., Chinenov, Y., Maharaj, R. K., Gupta, S., Leuenberger, L., Kirou, K. A., Bykerk, V. P., Goodman, S. M., Salmon, J. E., Pernis, A. B. Tags: Immunology (including allergy), Connective tissue disease, Degenerative joint disease, Musculoskeletal syndromes, Rheumatoid arthritis, Systemic lupus erythematosus Basic and translational research Source Type: research

Case presentation: the dancing man from sierra leone
Discussion Making this diagnosis is challenging, as brain imaging often shows non specific changes and blood results are usually normal. CSF may reveal raised proteins and WBCs. A high index of suspicion is required to arrange a brain biopsy as this confirms the diagnosis.
Source: Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry - November 14, 2016 Category: Neurosurgery Authors: Al-Rifai, M. S., Salek-Haddadi, A. Tags: Immunology (including allergy), Neuroimaging, Stroke, Radiology, Drugs: musculoskeletal and joint diseases, Vascularitis, Surgical diagnostic tests ABN Annual Meeting, 17-19 May 2016, The Brighton Centre, Brighton Source Type: research

The Potential Role of T Helper Cell 22 and IL-22 in Immunopathogenesis of Multiple Sclerosis
Conclusion Recent evidence shows changes in frequency and function of Th22 and its cytokine IL-22 in patients with MS, which suggests a potential relationship between Th22 cells, IL-22 levels, and the development and disease course of MS and its response to treatment. How Th22 cells and IL-22 levels affect the disease course of MS requires further elucidation. Additional studies on the immunopathogenesis of MS, specifically the roles Th22 cells and IL-22 cytokines may play in disease progression, are warranted and may lead to the development of new therapeutic strategies for treating neuro-inflammatory diseases, such as MS...
Source: Innovations in Clinical Neuroscience - August 1, 2016 Category: Neuroscience Authors: ICN Online Editor Tags: Current Issue Demyelinating Disease Genetics Multiple Sclerosis Neurology Review interleukin-22 T helper 22 Source Type: research

Regulation of Adaptive Immunity in Health and Disease by Cholesterol Metabolism
Abstract Four decades ago, it was observed that stimulation of T cells induces rapid changes in cellular cholesterol that are required before proliferation can commence. Investigators returning to this phenomenon have finally revealed its molecular underpinnings. Cholesterol trafficking and its dysregulation are now also recognized to strongly influence dendritic cell function, T cell polarization, and antibody responses. In this review, the state of the literature is reviewed on how cholesterol and its trafficking regulate the cells of the adaptive immune response and in vivo disease phenotypes of dysregulated a...
Source: Current Allergy and Asthma Reports - July 7, 2015 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research