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Condition: Arthritis

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Total 2071 results found since Jan 2013.

The Gut Microbiome.
Abstract Since the discovery and use of the microscope in the 17th century, we know that we host trillions of micro-organisms mostly in the form of bacteria indwelling the "barrier organs" skin, gut, and airways. They exert regulatory functions, are in a continuous dialogue with the intestinal epithelia, influence energy handling, produce nutrients, and may cause diabetes and obesity. The human microbiome has developed by modulating or avoiding inflammatory responses; the host senses bacterial presence through cell surface sensors (the Toll-like receptors) as well as by refining mucous barriers as passive defense ...
Source: Inflammation and Allergy Drug Targets - June 23, 2014 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Actis GC Tags: Inflamm Allergy Drug Targets Source Type: research

The ITGAV-rs3911238 Polymorphism Is Associated with Disease Activity in Rheumatoid Arthritis.
This study investigated association of four single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in ITGAV with disease activity score (DAS28), serum levels of C-reactive protein (CRP), and anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide(anti-CCP) antibody in 419 RA patients and 398 healthy individuals. Four SNPs in ITGAV gene (rs3911238, rs3738919, rs10174098 and rs3768777) were analyzed. Serum concentrations of anti-CCP antibody and CRP were measured by ELISA. We used the EULAR activity criteria to calculate DAS28-CRP. Among these SNPs, the ITGAV-rs3911238-G/C polymorphism was associated with RA disease activity [remission-to-low and moderate-to-hig...
Source: Iranian Journal of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology - August 31, 2014 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Shakiba E, Tavilani H, Goodarzi MT, Kiani A, Pourmotabbed T, Vaisi-Raygani A Tags: Iran J Allergy Asthma Immunol Source Type: research

New angle of view on the role of rho/rho kinase pathway in human diseases.
Abstract Rho-kinase is an effector molecule of RhoA, a monomeric GTP-binding protein, and causes Ca2+ sensitization through inactivation of myosin phosphatase. The major physiological functions of Rho/Rho-kinase cascade include contraction, proliferation and migration in cells.There are some excellent reviews about Rho/Rho-kinase signal pathway, most of which focus on the specific proteins of the pathway including some upstream regulators and its final effects. But few articles cover signal pathways that can activate the signaling concerned, and/or the pathways that Rho/Rho-kinase can exactly activate. This review...
Source: Iranian Journal of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology - August 31, 2014 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Luo W, Liu CT, Yang QH, Yu Q, Wang T Tags: Iran J Allergy Asthma Immunol Source Type: research

An Update on Disease Modifying Antirheumatic Drugs.
Abstract Disease modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs) is a category of drugs which is used as medication in various arthritic conditions to arrest the progression of disease along with relief from pain. About 83% of population worldwide uses DMARDs. Withdrawal of COX-2 inhibitors because of cardiovascular side effects and short-term action associated with glucocorticoids provided a motivation for development of newer DMARDs. Currently non- biological DMARDs like methotrexate, sulfasalazine, hydroxychloroquine and azathioprine serve the purpose of relieving pain and inhibiting the progression of disease. Biologic...
Source: Inflammation and Allergy Drug Targets - September 23, 2014 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Joshi P, Dhaneshwar SS Tags: Inflamm Allergy Drug Targets Source Type: research

The Interaction Between Allelic Variants of CD86 and CD40LG: A Common Risk Factor of Allergic Asthma and Rheumatoid Arthritis.
CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest that a genetic interaction between CD86 and CD40LG favors the development of both AA and RA. PMID: 24587950 [PubMed]
Source: Allergy, Asthma and Immunology Research - November 16, 2014 Category: Allergy & Immunology Tags: Allergy Asthma Immunol Res Source Type: research

Glucocorticoids.
Authors: Barnes PJ Abstract Glucocorticoids are the most effective anti-inflammatory treatment for allergic diseases, and inhaled glucocorticoids have now become the first-line treatment for asthma. Glucocorticoids were discovered in the 1940s as extracts of the adrenal cortex and this was followed by the isolation of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) from pituitary gland extracts. Cortisone and ACTH were found to be very beneficial in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis and Kendall, Reichstein and Hench received the Nobel Prize in Physiology and Medicine for this work in 1950. Bordley and colleagues first showe...
Source: Chemical Immunology and Allergy - December 2, 2014 Category: Allergy & Immunology Tags: Chem Immunol Allergy Source Type: research

Cardiovascular involvement in Pediatric Systemic Autoimmune Diseases. The emerging role of noninvasive cardiovascular imaging.
Abstract Cardiac involvement in pediatric systemic autoimmune diseases has a wide spectrum of presentation ranging from asymptomatic to severe clinically overt involvement. Coronary artery disease, pericardial, myocardial, valvular and rythm disturbances are the most common causes of heart lesion in pediatric systemic autoimmune diseases and cannot be explained only by the traditional cardiovascular risk factors. Therefore, chronic inflammation has been considered as an additive causative factor of cardiac disease in these patients. Rheumatic fever, juvenile idiopathic arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, anky...
Source: Inflammation and Allergy Drug Targets - March 17, 2015 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Mavrogeni S, Servos G, Smerla R, Markousis-Mavrogenis G, Kolovou G, Papadopoulos G Tags: Inflamm Allergy Drug Targets Source Type: research

Th22 cells in autoimmunity: a review of current knowledge.
Authors: Azizi G, Yazdani R, Mirshafiey A Abstract Newly identified T helper cell 22 (Th22) is a subset of CD4+ T cells with specific properties apart from other known CD4+ T cell subsets. Th22 is obviously discrete from Th17 and Th1 subsets by production of interleukin (IL)-22 but not IL-17 or IFN-γ, and also with distinguished expression of aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) as the key transcription factor. This T helper subset, by producing pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-22 and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), is implicated in the pathogenesis of inflammatory and autoimmune disorder. This review discusses...
Source: European Annals of Allergy and Clinical Immunology - July 13, 2015 Category: Allergy & Immunology Tags: Eur Ann Allergy Clin Immunol Source Type: research

Single Nucleotide Polymorphism rs 2476601 of PTPN22 Gene and Susceptibility to Rheumatoid Arthritis in Iranian Population.
This study suggests that the rs2476601 polymorphism of PTPN22 gene is mono-morphic in Iranian population, containing only C allele.Considering that previous studies in other populations reported the T allele as the risk allele at this locus, the present study concluded that rs2476601 play no role in susceptibility to RA and other autoimmune diseases in Iranian population. This finding has significant future clinical implications in determining the strategy for risk assessment and predictive testing for such diseases in Iranian population. PMID: 26547712 [PubMed - in process]
Source: Iranian Journal of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology - August 1, 2015 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Ahmadloo S, Taghizadeh M, Akhiani M, Salimzadeh A, Keramatipour M Tags: Iran J Allergy Asthma Immunol Source Type: research

Association between Peptidylarginine Deiminase Type 4 rs1748033 Polymorphism and Susceptibility to Rheumatoid Arthritis in Zahedan, Southeast Iran.
In conclusion, our finding indicated that PADI4 rs1748033 gene polymorphism increased the risk of RA in a sample of the Iranian population. PMID: 26546893 [PubMed - in process]
Source: Iranian Journal of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology - June 1, 2015 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Hashemi M, Zakeri Z, Taheri H, Bahari G, Taheri M Tags: Iran J Allergy Asthma Immunol Source Type: research

Th22 Cells Contribution in Immunopathogenesis of Rheumatic Diseases.
Abstract Newly identified T helper cell 22 (Th22) is a subset of CD4+T cells with specific properties apart from other known CD4+ T cell subsets with distinguished gene expression and function. Th22 cells are characterized by production of a distinct profile of effector cytokines, including interleukin (IL)-22, IL-13, and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α). The levels of Th22 and related cytokine IL-22 are increased in various autoimmune diseases and positively associated with some rheumatic diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, behcet's disease, ankylosing spondylitis and psori...
Source: Iranian Journal of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology - June 1, 2015 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Azizi G, Simhag A, M-M-El Rouby N, Mirshafiey A Tags: Iran J Allergy Asthma Immunol Source Type: research

Design, Synthesis and In Vitro Release Studies of Co-drugs for Rheumatoid Arthritis.
Abstract Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease that results in a chronic, systemic inflammation that may affect many tissues and organs, but principally the synovial joints. The tendency for joint destruction is greatest in the early stages of disease hence current trend is to introduce a disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drug (DMARD) immediately after the diagnosis of RA in a step- up approach which is generally followed by its combination with a corticosteroid or NSAID. DMARD suppresses inflammatory activity over a long time-frame thus improving day to day function, and also prevents, lessens or dela...
Source: Inflammation and Allergy Drug Targets - December 1, 2015 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Kashmira P, Suneela D, Shakuntalah C, Poorvashree J Tags: Inflamm Allergy Drug Targets Source Type: research

Imaging patterns of cardiovascular involvement in mixed connective tissue disease evaluated by cardiovascular magnetic resonance.
CONCLUSION: CMR can reveal myocardial lesions in MCTD patients with cardiac symptoms including myocardial infarction, inflammation, diffuse subendocardial fibrosis and diffuse perfusion defects, necessitating further cardiac investigation and/or treatment. PMID: 26728774 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Inflammation and Allergy Drug Targets - January 4, 2016 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Mavrogeni S, Sfikakis PP, Dimitroulas T, Koutsogeorgopoulou L, Karabela G, Katsifis G, Stavropoulos E, Gialafos E, Spiliotis G, Kolovou G, Kitas GD Tags: Inflamm Allergy Drug Targets Source Type: research

Vaccination and Induction of Autoimmune Diseases.
Abstract Vaccines have been suspected of playing a role in inducing autoimmune disease (AID) for a long time. However, apart from certain specific vaccine strains and complications (such as the swine flu vaccine and Guillain- Barré syndrome in 1976, thrombocytopenia and the Measles-Mumps-Rubella vaccine), this role has not been established. In spite of this, many isolated cases or series of cases of arthritis, vasculitis, and central or peripheral nervous system symptoms following vaccination have been reported. These cases tend to be very infrequent and usually only the short-term outcomes are described. This pa...
Source: Inflammation and Allergy Drug Targets - January 4, 2016 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Toussirot É, Bereau M Tags: Inflamm Allergy Drug Targets Source Type: research

Anti-inflammatory and Antimicrobial Properties of Flavonoids from Heliotropium subulatum Exudate.
Abstract Heliotropium subulatum is an erect or procumbent perennial herb; leaves contain foliar trichomes and its resinous exudate is used in traditional medicine. The anti-inflammatory activity of dichloromethane fraction and isolated flavonoids was evaluated by using carrageenan and CFA-induced paw oedema models. Similarly, the disc diffusion and microdilution methods were used for the assessment of antimicrobial activity. Five isolated flavonoids were investigated for their anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial activities. Eriodictyol demonstrated maximum anti-inflammatory activity (53.09%) at 30.0 mg/kg dose on ...
Source: Inflammation and Allergy Drug Targets - January 4, 2016 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Singh B, Sharma RA Tags: Inflamm Allergy Drug Targets Source Type: research