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Obtaining a high titer of polyclonal antibodies from rats to the SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid protein and its N- and C-terminal domains for diagnostic test development
J Immunol Methods. 2023 Sep 11:113558. doi: 10.1016/j.jim.2023.113558. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTSevere Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is an enveloped, plus-stranded RNA virus responsible for the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). Patients infected with COVID-19 may be asymptomatic or have symptoms ranging from mild manifestations to severe cases of the disease that could lead to death. The SARS-CoV-2 genome encodes 4 structural proteins, including the Spike protein (S), the Nucleocapsid protein (N), membrane protein (M) and, the envelope (E). The N protein forms a major component of the ribonu...
Source: Journal of Immunological Methods - September 13, 2023 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Michelle Teixeira de Almeida Ana Paula Barbosa Camila Gasque Bomfim Aline Biazola Visnardi Tania Churasacari Vinces Alexandre Ceroni Edison Luiz Durigon Cristiane Rodrigues Guzzo Source Type: research

Early protective effect of a ( “pan”) coronavirus vaccine (PanCoVac) in Roborovski dwarf hamsters after single-low dose intranasal administration
ConclusionPanCoVac, a multi-epitope vaccine covering conserved T cell epitopes from all structural proteins of coronaviruses, might protect from severe disease caused by SARS-CoV-2 variants and future pathogenic coronaviruses. The use of (HLA-) humanized animal models will allow for further efficacy studies of PanCoVac-based vaccines in vivo.
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - July 13, 2023 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research

Emergence of SARS ‐CoV‐2 spike protein at the vaccination site
ConclusionsHistiocytic cells and fibrocytes are the heralds of spike protein synthesis at the vaccination site. The underlying cause of this apparent cell specifity is unknown. This needs to be investigated in future experiments, for example in an animal model.
Source: Immunity, Inflammation and Disease - March 30, 2023 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Annika Beck, Hanna Dietenberger, Sebastian N. Kunz, Kevin Mellert, Peter M öller Tags: SHORT REPORT Source Type: research

Preclinical evaluation of immunogenicity, efficacy and safety of a recombinant plant-based SARS-CoV-2 RBD vaccine formulated with 3M-052-Alum adjuvant
In this study, we report a preclinical evaluation of the immunogenicity, efficacy and safety of a recombinant plant-based SARS-CoV-2 RBD vaccine formulated with 3M-052 (TLR7/8 agonist)-Alum adjuvant. This vaccine formulation, named Baiya SARS-CoV-2 Vax 2, induced significant levels of RBD-specific IgG and neutralizing antibody responses in mice. A viral challenge study using humanized K18-hACE2 mice has shown that animals vaccinated with two doses of Baiya SARS-CoV-2 Vax 2 established immune protection against SARS-CoV-2. A study in nonhuman primates (cynomolgus monkeys) indicated that immunization with two doses of Baiya ...
Source: Vaccine - March 24, 2023 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Waranyoo Phoolcharoen Balamurugan Shanmugaraj Narach Khorattanakulchai Piyanate Sunyakumthorn Sathit Pichyangkul Pornnarin Taepavarapruk Wanlapa Praserthsee Suchinda Malaivijitnond Suwimon Manopwisedjaroen Arunee Thitithanyanont Kanjana Srisutthisamphan A Source Type: research

A research and development (R & amp;D) roadmap for broadly protective coronavirus vaccines: A pandemic preparedness strategy
This report summarizes the major issues and areas of research outlined in the CVR and identifies high-priority milestones. The CVR covers a 6-year timeframe and is organized into five topic areas: virology, immunology, vaccinology, animal and human infection models, and policy and finance. Included in each topic area are key barriers, gaps, strategic goals, milestones, and additional R&D priorities. The roadmap includes 20 goals and 86 R&D milestones, 26 of which are ranked as high priority. By identifying key issues, and milestones for addressing them, the CVR provides a framework to guide funding and research cam...
Source: Vaccine - March 4, 2023 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Kristine A Moore Tabitha Leighton Julia T Ostrowsky Cory J Anderson Richard N Danila Angela K Ulrich Eve M Lackritz Angela J Mehr Ralph S Baric Norman W Baylor Bruce G Gellin Jennifer L Gordon Florian Krammer Stanley Perlman Helen V Rees Melanie Saville C Source Type: research

A-910823, a squalene-based emulsion adjuvant, induces T follicular helper cells and humoral immune responses via α-tocopherol component
ConclusionsThis study demonstrates that the novel adjuvant A-910823 is capable of robust Tfh cell induction and humoral immune responses, even when given as a booster dose. The findings also emphasize that α-tocopherol drives the potent Tfh-inducing adjuvant function of A-910823. Overall, our data provide key information that may inform the future production of improved adjuvants.
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - February 20, 2023 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research

Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus nsp13 Protein Downregulates Neonatal Fc Receptor Expression by Causing Promoter Hypermethylation through the NF- κB Signaling Pathway
In this study, we showed for the first time, to our knowledge, that FcRn expression can be influenced by methyltransferases. In addition, we found that PEDV inhibited FcRn protein synthesis in porcine small intestinal epithelial cells postinfection. Then, we found that PEDV interfered with the transcription of genes through aberrant methylation modification of the FcRn promoter. DNA methyltransferase 3b (DNMT3b) has been implicated in this process. Using a series of PEDV structural and nonstructural protein (nsp) expression plasmids, we showed that nsp13 plays an important role in this aberrant methylation modification. PE...
Source: Journal of Immunology - January 5, 2023 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Xiangchao Jia Jing Chen Chenyuan Qiao Chenxi Li Kang Yang Yang Zhang Jian Li Zili Li Source Type: research

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