Does an Ageing Population Affect Crime Rates in the United States?
AbstractThe United States is undergoing a demographic transition in which the proportion of individuals aged 65 years and above in total population is increasing. The age-crime relationship is a well-tested theory in criminology. A commonly accepted theory that has been unanimously supported by empirical evidence is that the propensity to commit crime decreases with age. But recent data from the FBI depicts an increase in crimes committed by the elderly. Notwithstanding the increasing trend in arrests among the elderly, we test the hypothesis that population ageing decreases total crime rates, violent crime rates, proper...
Source: Social Indicators Research - September 29, 2023 Category: International Medicine & Public Health Source Type: research
Rural Households ’ Internet Use on Common Prosperity: Evidence from the Chinese Social Survey
AbstractBased on microdata from the Chinese Social Survey (CSS2019) describing 6097 rural households, this paper uses the weighted average method to measure the level of internet use and describe common prosperity in terms of “comprehensive” prosperity (measured with per capita income level) and “universal” affluence (measured with income inequality). Subsequently, the ordinary least squares method is used to estimate the common prosperity effect of internet use. The research draws the following conclusions. (1) Internet use significantly raises the per capita income level of rural households, reduces income inequa...
Source: Social Indicators Research - September 27, 2023 Category: International Medicine & Public Health Source Type: research
Parenthood and Job Quality: Is There a Motherhood Penalty in the UK?
AbstractCurrent research recognises the role of parenthood in contributing to gender inequalities at work. Meanwhile, there is a growing interest in job quality. We contribute to both these debates by analysing differences in job quality by gender and parenthood status, using data from a nationally representative UK household survey. We develop a 12-indicator, multi-dimensional measure of job quality and use this to analyse the combination and distribution of job quality attributes by gender and parenthood status. Our analysis shows that women and mothers are under-represented in high quality jobs and over-represented in p...
Source: Social Indicators Research - September 24, 2023 Category: International Medicine & Public Health Source Type: research
Ranking Cities According to Their Fundamental Power: A Comparison Among Results of Different Methods of Linear Ordering
AbstractCity managers search for new concepts of city development in order to satisfy growing demands and manage risk. The research assumes that city management requires the combination of ideas of sustainable development, a smart city and resilience. These three concepts are the components of the so-called “Fundamental Power of the City”. The aim of this paper is to present and test the operationalization of the new hybrid approach to city development through the index named the Fundamental Power of the City Index which includes 80 variables. The research applies six linear ordering methods to inv estigate the functio...
Source: Social Indicators Research - September 23, 2023 Category: International Medicine & Public Health Source Type: research
The Causal Effect of Type of Employment on Work-Family Conflict
This study addresses these problems by examining the causal effect of type of employment on work-family conflict. Theoretically we investigate whether individual characteristics shape the choice of type of employment and consequently the level of conflict, or whether it is the type of employment itself that shapes the level of conflict? The study uses data from 20 08 to 2020 from the PAIRFAM survey, which is a German longitudinal survey. The analysis examines the causal impact of type of employment on work-to-family and family-to-work conflict using two main statistical techniques: (1) a did matching technique that compare...
Source: Social Indicators Research - September 22, 2023 Category: International Medicine & Public Health Source Type: research
Financial Inclusion: Does it matter in Alleviating Poverty in Pakistan
AbstractThe world is currently transitioning from a paradigm of purely economic growth to one of inclusive growth. Financial inclusion (FI) as a driver of inclusive growth and poverty alleviation has attracted significant attention in this epochal transition. Although many excellent works have been published regarding advanced applications of FI and FI-poverty alleviation mechanisms, no work has been done to systematically discuss the interaction of financial literacy (FL) and the mediation of inclusive growth, particularly in Pakistan. Therefore, we examine how FI and the interaction of FI and FL explain their successful ...
Source: Social Indicators Research - September 21, 2023 Category: International Medicine & Public Health Source Type: research
A Global Indicator to Track Well-Being in the Silver and Golden Age
AbstractIn this work, we design a protocol to obtain global indicators of health and well-being from weighted and longitudinal heterogeneous multivariate data. First, we consider a set of thematic sub-indicators of interest observed in several periods. Next, we combine them using the Common Principal Component (CPC) model. For this purpose, we put a new straightforward CPC model to cope with weighted and longitudinal data and develop a new statistic to test the validity of the CPC-longitudinal model, whose distribution is obtained by stratified bootstrap. To illustrate this methodology, we use data from the last three wave...
Source: Social Indicators Research - September 21, 2023 Category: International Medicine & Public Health Source Type: research
Heterogeneous Influence of Socioeconomic Inequality on Population Health: A Cross-national Study
This study proposes using a quantile regression model to examine the heterogeneous influence of socioeconomic inequality (educational inequality, income inequality, and unemployment rate) on population health (life expectancy and healthy life expectancy) based on macro panel data from 160 countries. It was found that in both rich and poor countries, elevated income inequality and unemployment rate significantly predicted reduced life expectancy and healthy life expectancy, while the influences of educational inequality on the two health outcomes were not significant. Furthermore, the negative influence of socioeconomic ine...
Source: Social Indicators Research - September 21, 2023 Category: International Medicine & Public Health Source Type: research
Associations Between Volunteering, STEM Backgrounds, and Information-Processing Skills in Adult Populations of the United States
AbstractVolunteering, STEM education and occupation, and information-processing skills such as literacy, numeracy, and digital problem-solving skills are important indicators of a nation ’s well-being as they represent civic engagement, economic development, and the human capital of the population. Although these critical social indicators have been previously examined in silos, the interrelationships are yet to be examined in the adult populations in the United States. The curren t study analyzed the 2012/2014/2017 U.S. Program for the International Assessment of Adult Competencies (PIAAC) data of adults aged between 25...
Source: Social Indicators Research - September 21, 2023 Category: International Medicine & Public Health Source Type: research
Work Hour Mismatch on Life Evaluation: Full Heterogeneity and Individual- and Country-Level Characteristics of the Most and Least Affected Workers
This study collects survey data from 37 countries and estimates the full heterogeneity in the effects using a newly developed method—the sorted partial effect method. Based on the full heterogeneity, we employ classification analyses on the 10%-most and 10%-least affected groups and show that individuals most (vs. least) affected by overemployment are younger , while those most (vs. least) affected by underemployment are older. Age is the most influential factor that distinguishes the most and least affected workers when compared with other individual-level factors such as education level, household income, and the numbe...
Source: Social Indicators Research - September 21, 2023 Category: International Medicine & Public Health Source Type: research
Social Network Dynamics in the Context of Age: An Empirical Investigation
AbstractThis paper explores patterns and motivations for social tie formation and dissolution in the context of age. It provides empirical tests of the social convoy model, socioemotional selectivity theory, and the differential investment of resources (DIRe) model. Data comes from a survey administered face-to-face to a large, representative sample of the population of Poland (n = 1000). Controlling for between-tie and between-ego differences, it is found that the intensity of forming and dropping new ties is a decreasing function of age, but the relationship becomes weaker among people aged 40 and older. The number o...
Source: Social Indicators Research - September 21, 2023 Category: International Medicine & Public Health Source Type: research
Testing Density-Dependent and Path-Dependent Population Dynamics in Greece with Spatial Quantile and Geographically Weighted Regressions
AbstractRegional variability in the spatial distribution of resident population and across-country density divides have consolidated heterogeneous demographic patterns at the base of modern urban systems in Europe. Although economic, historical, institutional, and cultural factors have demonstrated to affect the spatial distribution of resident population, density-dependence and path-dependence are mechanisms persistently shaping demographic dynamics at both local and regional scale. Analysis of density-dependent patterns of population growth (and decline) over sufficiently long time intervals allows a refined comprehensio...
Source: Social Indicators Research - September 16, 2023 Category: International Medicine & Public Health Source Type: research
An Empirical Assessment of the Drivers of Formal and Informal Childcare Demand in European Countries
AbstractHow does the mother ’s labour supply affect the household’s demand for childcare? And thus are formal and informal childcare substitutable? In this paper, we address these two questions using micro-data for 14 European countries observed over the period between 2010 and 2017. Relying on a Control Function Approach to account for the endogeneity between childcare and the mothers’ labour supply, we identify different factors affecting the demand for formal and informal childcare. The results show that the mother’s labour supply is a key element in understanding the demand for childcare and suggest that the mo...
Source: Social Indicators Research - September 16, 2023 Category: International Medicine & Public Health Source Type: research
Is Urban Renewal with Campaign-Style Governance Characteristics Satisfying in China?
AbstractUrban renewal in China usually has campaign-style governance characteristics, and the impact of urban renewal on social satisfaction with public services is an important indicator of assessing performance for local governments. The study in Jinan analysed the nonlinear impact and mediating effects of the urban renewal on social satisfaction by using methods such as quantile regression and mediation analysis. Results show that first, urban renewal with campaign-style governance characteristics can obviously improve social satisfaction with public services, but the positive impacts of the urban renewal are different ...
Source: Social Indicators Research - September 14, 2023 Category: International Medicine & Public Health Source Type: research
(Un-)Just Proceedings: Assessment of Social Impact-Evidence from Employee Suspension Practice in India
AbstractThe policy and practice link in conducting the disciplinary proceedings is pertinent. The primary goal of this manuscript is to contrast India's approach to government employee discipline with that of eight other advanced nations. The gap between policy and practice in disciplinary proceedings involving accused employees is critically examined in the paper. Nonetheless, the main focus of this research is to investigate how unjust proceedings have affected society. With the help of real-time forensics, this article evaluates the gap between the employee suspension policy and practice. The forensics divulges the abus...
Source: Social Indicators Research - September 13, 2023 Category: International Medicine & Public Health Source Type: research
