Selepressin in Septic Shock
Sepsis and septic shock usually show a high mortality rate and frequently need of intensive care unit admissions. After fluid resuscitation, norepinephrine (NE) is the first-choice vasopressor in septic shock patients. However, high-NE doses are associated with increased rates of adverse effects and mortality. In this perspective, many authors have proposed the administration of non-adrenergic vasopressors (NAV). Selepressin is a selective vasopressin type 1A (V1A) receptor agonist and may be a valid option in this field, because it can decrease NE requirements and also limit the deleterious effects induced by high doses o...
Source: Shock - June 1, 2022 Category: Emergency Medicine Tags: Review Article Source Type: research
Necroptosis, Pyroptosis, Ferroptosis in Sepsis and Treatment
In conclusion, targeting RCD is considered a promising approach to treat sepsis. (Source: Shock)
Source: Shock - June 1, 2022 Category: Emergency Medicine Tags: Review Article Source Type: research
Thromboelastography for Predicting Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation (DIC) in Sepsis
No abstract available (Source: Shock)
Source: Shock - May 1, 2022 Category: Emergency Medicine Tags: Letter to the Editor Source Type: research
Nano-chemically Modified Tetracycline-3 (nCMT-3) Attenuates Acute Lung Injury via Blocking sTREM-1 Release and NLRP3 Inflammasome Activation
Conclusions:
Pre-treatment with nCMT3 significantly attenuates LPS-induced lung injury/inflammation by multiple mechanisms including: MMP activation, PMN elastase, sTREM-1 release, and NLRP3 inflammasome/caspase-1 activation. (Source: Shock)
Source: Shock - May 1, 2022 Category: Emergency Medicine Tags: Basic Science Aspects (Animal Subjects) Source Type: research
Endovascular Perfusion Augmentation for Critical Care Decreases Vasopressor Requirements while Maintaining Renal Perfusion
The objective of this study was to examine varying levels of mechanical support for the treatment of ischemiareperfusion injury in swine.
Methods:
Fifteen swine underwent anesthesia and then a controlled 30% blood volume hemorrhage followed by 30 min of supra-celiac aortic occlusion to create an ischemia-reperfusion injury Animals were randomized to standardized critical care (SCC), EPACC with low threshold (EPACC-Low), and EPACC with high threshold (EPACC-High). The intervention phase lasted 270 min after injury Hemodynamic markers and laboratory values of ischemia were recorded.
Results:
During the inte...
Source: Shock - May 1, 2022 Category: Emergency Medicine Tags: Basic Science Aspects (Animal Subjects) Source Type: research
Targeted Regional Optimization in Action: Dose-dependent End-organ Ischemic Injury with Partial Aortic Occlusion in the Setting of Ongoing Liver Hemorrhage
This study characterized hemodynamics at specific targeted distal flow rates in a swine model of uncontrolled hemorrhage to determine if precise TRO by volume was possible.
Methods:
Anesthetized swine were subjected to liver laceration and randomized into TRO at distal flows of 300 mL/min (n = 8), 500 mL/min (n = 8), or 700 mL/min (n = 8). After 90 min, the animals received damage control packing and were monitored for 6 h. Hemodynamic parameters were measured continuously, and hematology and serologic labs obtained at predetermined intervals.
Results:
During TRO, the average percent dev...
Source: Shock - May 1, 2022 Category: Emergency Medicine Tags: Basic Science Aspects (Animal Subjects) Source Type: research
Platelets Derived Transthyretin Participate in The Development of Sepsis Associated Acute Kidney Injury by Inducing Oxidative Stress and Apoptosis of Renal Tubular Epithelial Cells
In conclusion, platelet-derived TTR may be one kind of DAMPs that plays an important role in the development of S-AKI. (Source: Shock)
Source: Shock - May 1, 2022 Category: Emergency Medicine Tags: Basic Science Aspects (Animal Subjects) Source Type: research
MicroRNA-136-5p from Endothelial Progenitor Cells-released Extracellular Vesicles Mediates TXNIP to Promote the Dissolution of Deep Venous Thrombosis
Conclusion:
miR-136-5p from EPCs-EV suppresses TXNIP expression to reduce the thrombus size in DVT, offering a promising treatment target for DVT (Source: Shock)
Source: Shock - May 1, 2022 Category: Emergency Medicine Tags: Basic Science Aspects (Animal Subjects) Source Type: research
Contribution of IL-38 in Lung Immunity during Pseudomonas Aeruginosa-induced Pneumonia
Conclusions:
To summarize, the above findings provide additional insights into the mechanism of IL-38 in the treatment of P. aeruginosa pneumonia. (Source: Shock)
Source: Shock - May 1, 2022 Category: Emergency Medicine Tags: Basic Science Aspects (Animal Subjects) Source Type: research
Inhibition of Ferroptosis Attenuates Glutamate Excitotoxicity and Nuclear Autophagy in a CLP Septic Mouse Model
Sepsis-associated encephalopathy (SAE) often manifests in severe diffuse cerebral dysfunction due to an aberrant systemic immune response to infection. The underlying pathophysiology of SAE is not entirely understood but is likely a multifactorial process that involves disruption in cell death mechanism. Ferroptosis is a novel form of programmed cell death characterized by iron accumulation and lipid peroxidation, leading to inflammatory cascade and glutamate release. We hypothesized that ferroptosis is involved in the glutamate-mediated excitotoxic neuron injury during the uncontrolled neural inflammatory process of SAE. ...
Source: Shock - May 1, 2022 Category: Emergency Medicine Tags: Basic Science Aspects (Animal Subjects) Source Type: research
Candidate Biomarkers for Sepsis-Associated Acute Kidney Injury Mechanistic Studies
Conclusions:
The combination of plasma CCL3+KC can predict SA-AKI development in mice at 24-hours following CLP Of these two biomarkers, only renal expression of KC is increased in mice with SA-AKI. Further studies are required to determine if KC directly contributes to the underlying pathobiology of SA-AKI. (Source: Shock)
Source: Shock - May 1, 2022 Category: Emergency Medicine Tags: Basic Science Aspects (Animal Subjects) Source Type: research
Extracorporeal Life-support for Out-of-hospital Cardiac Arrest: A Nationwide Multicenter Study
Background:
Despite potential clinical roles of extracorporeal life support (ECLS) for out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) compared to that of conventional cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CCPR), use of ECLS for OHCA is not strongly endorsed by current clinical guidelines.
Objective:
The purpose of this study is to investigate the clinical roles of extracorporeal life support (ECLS) compared with that of conventional cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CCPR) for out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) patients.
Methods:
The outcomes of OHCA between 2015 and 2020, enrolled in the Korean Cardiac Arrest Research Co...
Source: Shock - May 1, 2022 Category: Emergency Medicine Tags: Clinical Aspects (Human Subjects) Source Type: research
Inflammasome-related Markers upon ICU Admission do not Correlate with Outcome in Critically Ill COVID-19 Patients
Conclusion:
We found that the systemic markers of activation of inflammasomes in critically ill COVID-19 patients were not directly related to outcome. Therefore, potential interventions aimed at the inflammasome pathway in this group of patients may be of limited effectiveness and should be biomarker-guided. (Source: Shock)
Source: Shock - May 1, 2022 Category: Emergency Medicine Tags: Clinical Aspects (Human Subjects) Source Type: research
Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor Provides a Predictive Performance of Septic Acute Kidney Injury
Conclusions:
Serum MIF might be a biomarker for predicting the occurrence, development, and outcomes of septic AKI. This conclusion will need to be confirmed by more robust investigations in the future. (Source: Shock)
Source: Shock - May 1, 2022 Category: Emergency Medicine Tags: Clinical Aspects (Human Subjects) Source Type: research
Clinical Characteristics and Outcomes of Neutropenic Sepsis: A Multicenter Cohort Study
Background:
Sepsis is a leading cause of mortality in patients with neutropenia; however, data on whether neutropenic sepsis is associated with distinct clinical characteristics and outcomes are limited. Thus, this study was designed to clarify the clinical characteristics and outcomes of patients with neutropenic sepsis compared with those of patients without neutropenic sepsis diagnosed based on the Third International Consensus Definitions for Sepsis and Septic Shock criteria.
Methods:
We analyzed data from the Korean Sepsis Alliance, a nationwide prospective multicenter cohort study evaluating the clinical c...
Source: Shock - May 1, 2022 Category: Emergency Medicine Tags: Clinical Aspects (Human Subjects) Source Type: research
