Foreword
The techniques within the field of interventional pain management continues to expand and provide a critical resource for patients suffering from a wide range of conditions. The collaboration of Anaesthesiology and Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation has provided a rich diversity of viewpoints and orientation to further develop our options. Although the comprehensive pain management model with a multidisciplinary approach remains a gold standard, much of the emphasis noted in the ortho-neurologic setting, especially among Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation practitioners, has been directed towards the spine. (Source: Phy...
Source: Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Clinics of North America - September 14, 2021 Category: Rehabilitation Authors: Santos F. Martinez Source Type: research

Sacroiliac Joint Anatomy
This article aims to provide clinicians with an anatomic basis for clinical application to diagnostic blocks and radiofrequency ablation for sacroiliac pain to optimize clinical outcomes. (Source: Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Clinics of North America)
Source: Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Clinics of North America - August 5, 2021 Category: Rehabilitation Authors: Shannon L. Roberts Source Type: research

Sacroiliac Joint Diagnostic Block and Radiofrequency Ablation Techniques
This article describes different techniques for SIJ diagnostic blocks and RFA, including the relevant innervation that underlies these techniques. SIJ RFA techniques differ in important ways, including lesioning techniques, needle placements, and type of RFA cannula used. Clinicians utilize a variety of image guidance modalities for SIJ RFA; fluoroscopic guidance is standard, although endoscopic and ultrasound-guided techniques are described. Additional studies are necessary to delineate potential differences between SIJ RFA techniques. (Source: Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Clinics of North America)
Source: Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Clinics of North America - August 5, 2021 Category: Rehabilitation Authors: Eldon Loh, Taylor R. Burnham, Robert S. Burnham Source Type: research

Overview of Innervation of Shoulder and Acromioclavicular Joints
Detailed understanding of the course and location of articular nerves supplying the shoulder joint is paramount to the successful utilization of image-guided radiofrequency ablation to manage chronic shoulder pain. In this article, the origin, course, and relationship to anatomic landmarks of articular nerves supplying the shoulder and acromioclavicular joints are discussed. The shoulder joint capsule was consistently reported to receive innervation from multiple sources including the suprascapular, axillary, subscapular, and lateral pectoral nerves. The acromioclavicular joint received innervation from suprascapular and l...
Source: Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Clinics of North America - July 30, 2021 Category: Rehabilitation Authors: John Tran, Sharon Switzer-McIntyre, Anne M.R. Agur Source Type: research

The Use of Radiofrequency in the Treatment of Pelvic Pain
This article reviews recent literature and discusses these topics, including adverse events for different pelvic ablation and pulsed radiofrequency treatment of chronic pelvic pain. (Source: Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Clinics of North America)
Source: Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Clinics of North America - July 30, 2021 Category: Rehabilitation Authors: Caleb Seale, B. Ryder Connolly, Kendall Hulk, Gregory G. Yu, Ameet S. Nagpal Source Type: research

Nerve Ablation in the Foot and Ankle
This article reviews basic technique, approaches, potential complications, and ultrasound anatomy for a practical introduction to ablation options in the foot and ankle. (Source: Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Clinics of North America)
Source: Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Clinics of North America - July 30, 2021 Category: Rehabilitation Authors: Nahum M. Beard Source Type: research

Radiofrequency Ablation for Craniofacial Pain Syndromes
Headache disorders and trigeminal neuralgia are common conditions representing the types of craniofacial pain syndrome that can significantly impact quality of life. Many cases are refractory to traditional pharmacologic treatments, whether oral or intravenous. Radiofrequency ablation has been increasingly used as a tool to treat resistant, chronic pain of both of these disorders. Multiple studies have been reported that illustrate the efficacy of radiofrequency ablation in the treatment of the numerous headache subtypes and trigeminal neuralgia. (Source: Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Clinics of North America)
Source: Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Clinics of North America - July 28, 2021 Category: Rehabilitation Authors: Vwaire Orhurhu, Shawn Sidharthan, Jacob Roberts, Jay Karri, Nelly Umukoro, Jonathan M. Hagedorn, Charles A. Odonkor, Alaa Abd-Elsayed Source Type: research

Radiofrequency Ablation for Thoracic and Abdominal Chronic Pain Syndromes
Chronic thoracic pain and chronic abdominal pain are common conditions that can significantly affect quality of life. Pain syndromes encompassing a variety of causes, including cancer pain, neuritis, and postsurgical pain, are traditionally managed by the use of pharmacologic therapy; however, many cases are refractory to these conservative methods. Radiofrequency ablation (RFA) has been increasingly used as a tool to treat resistant, chronic pain of both thoracic and abdominal origin. Multiple cases and trials have been reported that show the efficacy of RFA in the treatment of these chronic pain conditions. (Source: Phys...
Source: Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Clinics of North America - July 14, 2021 Category: Rehabilitation Authors: Mani Singh, Jay Karri, Vwaire Orhurhu, Laura Lachman, Alaa Abd-Elsayed Source Type: research

Overview of the Innervation of the Hip Joint
The innervation of the hip joint has been investigated for over 200  years by anatomists and clinicians. Knowledge of the distribution and location of these nerves relative to anatomic landmarks visible with image guidance is important for optimizing nerve blocks and radiofrequency ablation procedures. In this article, the innervation of the anterior and posterior hip joint is reviewed, focusing on the source of articular branches, their course, termination, and relationship to anatomic landmarks. The innervation of the hip joint is multifaceted, with articular nerves originating from many sources in close proximity to an...
Source: Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Clinics of North America - July 14, 2021 Category: Rehabilitation Authors: Jessi Jo G. Barnett, Shayan Shakeri, Anne M.R. Agur Source Type: research

Overview of Innervation of Knee Joint
Image-guided diagnostic block and radiofrequency ablation of the knee joint to manage pain require detailed understanding of joint innervation in relation to soft tissue and bony landmarks. In this article, the origin, course, and relationship to anatomic landmarks of articular nerves supplying the knee joint are discussed. The innervation pattern of the anterior and posterior aspects of the knee joint capsule is relatively consistent, with some variation in supply by the saphenous, anterior division of obturator, and common fibular nerves. To improve nerve capture rates for diagnostic block and radiofrequency ablation, mu...
Source: Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Clinics of North America - July 14, 2021 Category: Rehabilitation Authors: John Tran, Philip W.H. Peng, Vincent W.S. Chan, Anne M.R. Agur Source Type: research

Knee Ablation Approaches
This article summarizes the current knowledge of the sensory innervation of the knee joint, the principles of radiofrequency ablation, and the current literature on clinical outcomes. (Source: Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Clinics of North America)
Source: Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Clinics of North America - July 14, 2021 Category: Rehabilitation Authors: Nimish Mittal, Michael Catapano, Philip W.H. Peng Source Type: research

Overview of the Innervation of Ankle Joint
In this article, the literature describing the origin, course, and termination of the nerves innervating the ankle joint is reviewed and discussed. The anterior aspect of the joint capsule receives innervation from articular branches from the saphenous, superficial, and deep fibular nerves; laterally from the sural and superficial fibular nerves; and medially and posteriorly from the saphenous and tibial nerves. Comprehensive mapping of the trajectory, spatial relationships, and termination of the articular branches innervating the ankle joint capsule will aid in developing new and improving existing image-guided nerve blo...
Source: Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Clinics of North America - July 14, 2021 Category: Rehabilitation Authors: John R. Han, John Tran, Anne M.R. Agur Source Type: research

Hip Ablation Techniques
This article summarizes the current understanding of the anatomy of the articular branches, sonoanatomy, and the suggested techniques for the RFA of the hip. It also reviews the literature on the clinical studies. (Source: Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Clinics of North America)
Source: Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Clinics of North America - July 2, 2021 Category: Rehabilitation Authors: Guy Feigin, Philip Peng Source Type: research

Foreword
We have nothing to fear except fear itself —Franklin D. Roosevelt (1933)With challenges, opportunities and innovative strategies arise. Such was the case of Infantile Paralysis, which contributed a significant chapter to our field of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation. National and international efforts took place to address this devasta ting condition; however, it was not until decades later that Poliomyelitis was eradicated from 99% of the globe. It was none other than Franklin D. Roosevelt who further brought national attention to this condition when he contracted the disease in the 1920s. (Source: Physical Medicine...
Source: Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Clinics of North America - June 24, 2021 Category: Rehabilitation Authors: Santos F. Martinez Source Type: research

Post-Polio Syndrome: Background, Management and Treatment
PHYSICAL MEDICINE AND REHABILITATION CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA (Source: Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Clinics of North America)
Source: Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Clinics of North America - June 24, 2021 Category: Rehabilitation Authors: DARREN C. ROSENBERG, CRAIG ROVITO Source Type: research