The first embryo, the origin of cancer and animal phylogeny. II. The neoplastic process as an evolutionary engine
J Biosci. 2024;49:3.ABSTRACTIn this article, I put forward the idea that the neoplastic process (NP) has deep evolutionary roots and makes specific predictions about the connection between cancer and the formation of the first embryo, which allowed for the evolutionary radiation of metazoans. My main hypothesis is that NP is at the heart of cellular mechanisms responsible for animal morphogenesis and, given its embryological basis, also at the center of animal evolution. It is thus understood that NP-associated mechanisms are deeply rooted in evolutionary history and tied to the formation of the first animal embryo. In my ...
Source: Journal of Biosciences - January 4, 2024 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Jaime Cofre Source Type: research
Molecular transformations and self-association in anthocyanin pigment patterns
J Biosci. 2024;49:4.ABSTRACTSpatial patterns of red, purple, and blue colors due to plant pigments called anthocyanins appear in a wide variety of flower petals. Activator and inhibitor proteins involved in anthocyanin synthesis in Mimulus (monkeyflowers) have been identified, and an activator-inhibitor system based on the classic Gierer-Meinhardt system has been proposed as a mathematical model. Analysis in this paper provides a prediction for the critical value of a dimensionless parameter, the ratio of the degradation rate constants of the inhibitor and activator, for pattern formation to occur, and numerical simulation...
Source: Journal of Biosciences - January 4, 2024 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Wei-Yu Hsu Patrick D Shipman Stephen Thompson Source Type: research
Exacerbation of drought-induced physiological and biochemical changes in leaves of < em > Pisum sativum < /em > upon restriction of COX and AOX pathways of mitochondrial oxidative electron transport
J Biosci. 2024;49:5.ABSTRACTDrought stress affects photosynthesis, leading to significant decrease in crop productivity. In the current study, the importance of the cytochrome oxidase (COX) and alternative oxidase (AOX) pathways of themitochondrial oxidative electron transport chain (mETC) for photosynthesis and reactive oxygen species (ROS) homeostasis was evaluated in the leaves of Pisum sativum plants exposed to drought stress for 3 days (D3), 6 days (D6), and 9 days (D9). While drought stress resulted in decreased CO2 assimilation rates, leaf stomatal conductance, transpiration, and leaf intercellular CO2 concentration...
Source: Journal of Biosciences - January 4, 2024 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Benedict Analin Kavya Bakka Dinakar Challabathula Source Type: research
Identification and investigation of barley powdery mildew ( < em > Blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici < /em > ) infection in winter wheat with conventional stress reactions and non-invasive biophoton emission parameters
The objective of this study was to characterize the effects of barley powdery mildew infection on wheat via the evolution and dynamics of chloroplasts and oxidative processes based on in vivo measurements of ultra-weak photon emission, parallel measurement of chlorophyll and ascorbic acid content, and molecular identification of the pathogen. The results showed the temporal dynamics of the evolution of ultra-weak photon emission signals that were evidently different for healthy and powdery mildew-infested wheat leaves. In the dark, the ceasing of delayed fluorescence signal made it possible to visualize the ultra-weak lumi...
Source: Journal of Biosciences - January 4, 2024 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Ildik ó Jócsák Helga Luk ács Éva Varga-Visi Katalin Somfalvi-T óth S ándor Keszthelyi Source Type: research
< em > Helicobacter pylori < /em > infection and gut microbiota in adolescents: Is there a relation?
J Biosci. 2024;49:7.ABSTRACTHelicobacter pylori infection is a prevalent global infection associated with several complications such as peptic ulcer, upper gastrointestinal bleeding, and stomach cancer. An imbalance in the gut microbiota composition or the relationship between the microbiota and the host may be implicated in the infection. To investigate this, we studied the intestinal microbiota of 50 newly infected adolescents with H. pylori compared with 50 age-matched and sex-matched healthy controls. The gut microbiota composition was assessed using real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), and the fecal bacterial...
Source: Journal of Biosciences - January 4, 2024 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Doaa El Amrousy Heba El Ashry Sara Maher Dina Abdelhai Samir Hassan Source Type: research
