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CDF family of zinc transporters ZRC-1, MSC-2, and ZRG-17 are involved in survival at high zinc conditions, vegetative development, and cellulase utilization in Neurospora crassa 
J Biosci. 2024;49:12.ABSTRACTThe cation diffusion facilitator (CDF) family of zinc transporters plays a crucial role in zinc homeostasis in eukaryotes, including fungi. Here, we investigated the cell functions and genetic interactions of CDF zinc transporters zrc-1 and msc-2 in Neurospora crassa. The Δzrc-1 mutant could not grow in a high-zinc environment, indicating that the zinc transporter protein ZRC-1 was essential for growth in high-zinc conditions. However, the deletion of msc-2 did not show any severe phenotypic defects. Furthermore, we studied the genetic interactions of the zinc transporters using the CDF double...
Source: Journal of Biosciences - January 8, 2024 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Serena Ngiimei D Ranjan Tamuli Source Type: research

STING upregulation mediates ferroptosis and inflammatory response in lupus nephritis by upregulating TBK1 and activating NF- κB signal pathway
J Biosci. 2024;49:9.ABSTRACTAccumulated evidence implicates lipid peroxidation as a key mechanism contributing to the pathogenesis of lupus nephritis (LN). Ferroptosis is a specialized form of cell death induced by loss or deficient activity of the glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) and decreased clearance of polyunsaturated fatty acid hydroperoxides. STING production may lead to the occurrence of intracellular lipid peroxidation, ultimately triggering ferroptosis, but it has not been clarified whether STING can aggravate LN via ferroptosis. The adjacent normal kidney tissues from renal cell carcinoma and biopsied kidney tiss...
Source: Journal of Biosciences - January 8, 2024 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Jinshu Chen Pihou Chen Yijin Song Jiaxin Wei Fan Wu Jing Sun Zhiquan Xu Source Type: research

Epidemiology: Gray immunity model gives qualitatively different predictions
J Biosci. 2024;49:10.ABSTRACTCompartmental models that dynamically divide the host population into categories such as susceptible, infected, and immune constitute the mainstream of epidemiological modelling. Effectively, such models treat infection and immunity as binary variables. We constructed an individual-based stochastic model that considers immunity as a continuous variable and incorporates factors that bring about small changes in immunity. The small immunity effects (SIE) comprise cross-immunity by other infections, small increments in immunity by subclinical exposures, and slow decay in the absence of repeated ex...
Source: Journal of Biosciences - January 8, 2024 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Milind Watve Himanshu Bhisikar Rohini Kharate Srashti Bajpai Source Type: research

Fatty acid metabolism-related molecular subtypes and a novel model for predicting prognosis in bladder cancer patients
In conclusion, we developed and successfully validated a novel fatty acid metabolism-related prognostic model for predicting outcome for BCa patients.PMID:38186002 (Source: Journal of Biosciences)
Source: Journal of Biosciences - January 8, 2024 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Wen-Ting Su Jia-Yin Chen Jiang-Bo Sun Q I Huang Zhi-Bin Ke Shao-Hao Chen Yun-Zhi Lin Xue-Yi Xue Yong Wei Ning Xu Source Type: research

Identification of biomarker genes from multiple studies for abiotic stress in maize through machine learning
This study revealed key genes associated with tolerance to abiotic stress in maize.PMID:38173311 (Source: Journal of Biosciences)
Source: Journal of Biosciences - January 4, 2024 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Leyla Nazari Zahra Zinati Paolo Bagnaresi Source Type: research

Involvement of oxidative stress in localization of bacterial spot infection in pepper plants
J Biosci. 2024;49:2.ABSTRACTXanthomonas euvesicatoria is a major cause of bacterial spot disease in various crops. The present study was focused on the pathosystem pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) - X. euvesicatoria 269p (wild strain). The infectious process was studied using several different modes of in vivo inoculation under controlled conditions. The spread of the pathogen in different parts of the plants was monitored by a new qPCR procedure developed for the detection of X. euvesicatoria, as well as by re-isolation of viable bacterial cells. Photosynthesis, the number of viable pathogens, oxidative stress markers, activit...
Source: Journal of Biosciences - January 4, 2024 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Liliana Brankova Elena Shopova Sergei Ivanov Yoana Kizheva Zoltan Urshev Iliyana Rasheva Vladimir Aleksandrov Lyudmila Dimitrova Melani Dimitrova Petya Hristova Source Type: research

The first embryo, the origin of cancer and animal phylogeny. II. The neoplastic process as an evolutionary engine
J Biosci. 2024;49:3.ABSTRACTIn this article, I put forward the idea that the neoplastic process (NP) has deep evolutionary roots and makes specific predictions about the connection between cancer and the formation of the first embryo, which allowed for the evolutionary radiation of metazoans. My main hypothesis is that NP is at the heart of cellular mechanisms responsible for animal morphogenesis and, given its embryological basis, also at the center of animal evolution. It is thus understood that NP-associated mechanisms are deeply rooted in evolutionary history and tied to the formation of the first animal embryo. In my ...
Source: Journal of Biosciences - January 4, 2024 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Jaime Cofre Source Type: research

Molecular transformations and self-association in anthocyanin pigment patterns
J Biosci. 2024;49:4.ABSTRACTSpatial patterns of red, purple, and blue colors due to plant pigments called anthocyanins appear in a wide variety of flower petals. Activator and inhibitor proteins involved in anthocyanin synthesis in Mimulus (monkeyflowers) have been identified, and an activator-inhibitor system based on the classic Gierer-Meinhardt system has been proposed as a mathematical model. Analysis in this paper provides a prediction for the critical value of a dimensionless parameter, the ratio of the degradation rate constants of the inhibitor and activator, for pattern formation to occur, and numerical simulation...
Source: Journal of Biosciences - January 4, 2024 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Wei-Yu Hsu Patrick D Shipman Stephen Thompson Source Type: research

Exacerbation of drought-induced physiological and biochemical changes in leaves of Pisum sativum upon restriction of COX and AOX pathways of mitochondrial oxidative electron transport
J Biosci. 2024;49:5.ABSTRACTDrought stress affects photosynthesis, leading to significant decrease in crop productivity. In the current study, the importance of the cytochrome oxidase (COX) and alternative oxidase (AOX) pathways of themitochondrial oxidative electron transport chain (mETC) for photosynthesis and reactive oxygen species (ROS) homeostasis was evaluated in the leaves of Pisum sativum plants exposed to drought stress for 3 days (D3), 6 days (D6), and 9 days (D9). While drought stress resulted in decreased CO2 assimilation rates, leaf stomatal conductance, transpiration, and leaf intercellular CO2 concentration...
Source: Journal of Biosciences - January 4, 2024 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Benedict Analin Kavya Bakka Dinakar Challabathula Source Type: research

Identification and investigation of barley powdery mildew ( Blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici ) infection in winter wheat with conventional stress reactions and non-invasive biophoton emission parameters
The objective of this study was to characterize the effects of barley powdery mildew infection on wheat via the evolution and dynamics of chloroplasts and oxidative processes based on in vivo measurements of ultra-weak photon emission, parallel measurement of chlorophyll and ascorbic acid content, and molecular identification of the pathogen. The results showed the temporal dynamics of the evolution of ultra-weak photon emission signals that were evidently different for healthy and powdery mildew-infested wheat leaves. In the dark, the ceasing of delayed fluorescence signal made it possible to visualize the ultra-weak lumi...
Source: Journal of Biosciences - January 4, 2024 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Ildik ó Jócsák Helga Luk ács Éva Varga-Visi Katalin Somfalvi-T óth S ándor Keszthelyi Source Type: research

 Helicobacter pylori infection and gut microbiota in adolescents: Is there a relation?
J Biosci. 2024;49:7.ABSTRACTHelicobacter pylori infection is a prevalent global infection associated with several complications such as peptic ulcer, upper gastrointestinal bleeding, and stomach cancer. An imbalance in the gut microbiota composition or the relationship between the microbiota and the host may be implicated in the infection. To investigate this, we studied the intestinal microbiota of 50 newly infected adolescents with H. pylori compared with 50 age-matched and sex-matched healthy controls. The gut microbiota composition was assessed using real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), and the fecal bacterial...
Source: Journal of Biosciences - January 4, 2024 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Doaa El Amrousy Heba El Ashry Sara Maher Dina Abdelhai Samir Hassan Source Type: research

A novel search engine for proteins involved in Notch crosstalk signaling pathways
J Biosci. 2024;49:8.ABSTRACTTo regulate biological activity in humans, the Notch signaling pathway (NSP) plays an essential role in a wide array of cellular development and differentiation process. In recent years, many studies have reported that aberrant activation of Notch is associated with the tumor process; but no appropriate database exists to fill this significant gap. To address this, we created a pioneering database NCSp, which is open access and comprises intercommunicating pathways and related protein mutations. This allows scientists to understand better the cause of single amino acid mutations in proteins. The...
Source: Journal of Biosciences - January 4, 2024 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Madhumathi Sanjeevi Santhosh Rajendran Dhanalakshmi Ramachandran Chandrasekar Narayanan Rahul Jeyakanthan Jeyaraman Sekar Kanagaraj Source Type: research