Automated CT Analysis of Body Composition as a Frailty Biomarker in Abdominal Surgery
This cohort study examines associations of body composition scores derived from skeletal muscle and adipose tissue measurements from automated computed tomography (CT) with patient frailty and adverse outcomes after abdominal surgery. (Source: JAMA Surgery)
Source: JAMA Surgery - April 10, 2024 Category: Sports Medicine Source Type: research
Extracorporeal Shockwave for Intermittent Claudication and Quality of Life
This randomized clinical trial evaluates quality-of-life outcomes in patients with claudication following extracorporeal corporeal shockwave therapy. (Source: JAMA Surgery)
Source: JAMA Surgery - April 10, 2024 Category: Sports Medicine Source Type: research
Traumatic Brain Injuries After Falls From Height vs Falls at the Border Wall
This cohort study examines the incidence, severity, and mortality of fall-related injuries among migrants at the US-Mexico border in San Diego, California. (Source: JAMA Surgery)
Source: JAMA Surgery - April 10, 2024 Category: Sports Medicine Source Type: research
AI Imaging Analysis Needs Evaluation Before Implementation
To date, surgeons have yet to operationalize a decade of research showing that frailty correlates with worse surgical outcomes. Despite the development of many scoring systems, there is no universally accepted and easy-to-calculate point-of-care assessment tool to accurately identify patients with frailty who are at risk for poor outcomes, nor are there proven programs to improve the fitness of the patients to prevent complications. Sarcopenia, progressive and generalized loss of muscle mass and function, is a risk factor for adverse outcomes, functional decline, and frailty in aging populations, but its assessment and man...
Source: JAMA Surgery - April 10, 2024 Category: Sports Medicine Source Type: research
Extracorporeal Shockwave for Claudication —Potential Efficacy
Cai et al performed a randomized clinical trial to investigate a technique in which electrical impulses are administered to the gastrocnemius muscle to curb lower extremity claudication symptoms. This technique, also described by Cayton et al in the Extracorporeal Shockwave Therapy for the Treatment of Lower Limb Intermittent Claudication (SHOCKWAVE 1) trial, randomized 2 groups into an intervention arm in which participants received extracorporeal shock wave therapy over 9 sessions in a 3-month period and a sham arm. (Source: JAMA Surgery)
Source: JAMA Surgery - April 10, 2024 Category: Sports Medicine Source Type: research
Advances in Thrombectomy for Acute Ischemic Stroke
Two articles in a recent issue of JAMA address very important, clinically relevant questions regarding endovascular thrombectomy (EVT) for patients with acute ischemic stroke. One is about patient selection for patients with imaging evidence of large completed infarction: how much completed stroke (the ischemic core) is too much to benefit from reperfusion, and how do we best estimate completed infarction with imaging. The other question is whether intravenous thrombolytic treatment (IVT), which has proven beneficial for patients with acute ischemic stroke, has any benefit in the subgroup with large vessel occlusion who go...
Source: JAMA Surgery - April 10, 2024 Category: Sports Medicine Source Type: research
Disparities in Mentorship and Implications for US Surgical Resident Education and Wellness
This survey study of US general surgery residents investigated which factors are associated with surgical trainees ’ perceptions of meaningful mentorship, assessed associations of mentorship with resident education and wellness, and evaluated programmatic variation in mentorship. (Source: JAMA Surgery)
Source: JAMA Surgery - April 3, 2024 Category: Sports Medicine Source Type: research
US Liver Transplant Outcomes After Normothermic Regional Perfusion vs Standard Super Rapid Recovery
This cohort study investigates the outcomes of US liver transplants using controlled donation after circulatory death livers recovered with normothermic regional perfusion vs standard super rapid recovery. (Source: JAMA Surgery)
Source: JAMA Surgery - April 3, 2024 Category: Sports Medicine Source Type: research
Adjuvant Transarterial Chemoembolization With Sorafenib for Portal Vein Tumor Thrombus
This randomized clinical trial evaluates the safety and efficacy of transarterial chemoembolization plus sorafenib vs sorafenib alone for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma and portal vein tumor thrombus after surgery. (Source: JAMA Surgery)
Source: JAMA Surgery - April 3, 2024 Category: Sports Medicine Source Type: research
Analysis of the Laser Epilation in Pilonidal Disease Trial —Reply
In Reply We appreciate the comments from Mei and colleagues regarding the potential effects of the COVID-19 pandemic and differences in follow-up and compliance on recurrence rates in our trial. (Source: JAMA Surgery)
Source: JAMA Surgery - April 3, 2024 Category: Sports Medicine Source Type: research
Analysis of the Laser Epilation in Pilonidal Disease Trial
To the Editor We read with great interest the recent article by Minneci and colleagues. The study ’s findings that laser epilation (LE) significantly reduced pilonidal disease recurrence are indeed promising. The study offers a novel perspective on pilonidal disease management. However, we would like to address additional aspects concerning the study design, statistical analysis, and interpret ation of findings that require further scrutiny. (Source: JAMA Surgery)
Source: JAMA Surgery - April 3, 2024 Category: Sports Medicine Source Type: research
Ensuring Equitable Mentorship —We All Have a Role
When surgeons reflect on their careers, they often point to a mentor or set of mentors who have been pivotal for their growth. The mentor is typically an individual who helped the surgeon develop clinically, find their research mission, or navigate the inevitable challenges of becoming a surgeon. Missing this invaluable guidance could mean the difference between either excelling and feeling purpose in one ’s work or maintaining a career with unrealized potential. (Source: JAMA Surgery)
Source: JAMA Surgery - April 3, 2024 Category: Sports Medicine Source Type: research
Normothermic Regional Perfusion to Expand Liver Transplant From cDCD
Controlled donation after circulatory death (cDCD) donors, who are declared dead following cardiorespiratory arrest, are a growing source of organs. DCD is the best field for donor expansion to help to alleviate the organ shortage. Already in 2009, the American Society of Transplant Surgeons recommended focusing efforts on increasing the number of organs from cDCD. However, in the US, only 11.4% of liver recipients who undergo transplant from a deceased donor receive a cDCD liver. Other sources of donor expansion, such as living donors, account for less than 10% of liver donation in US and even less in Europe. (Source: JAMA Surgery)
Source: JAMA Surgery - April 3, 2024 Category: Sports Medicine Source Type: research
Adjuvant Therapy for Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) with preoperative vascular invasion, poorly differentiated histology, large or multifocal tumors, and elevated α-fetoprotein levels have traditionally had a poor prognosis. Systemic adjuvant therapies after liver resection for tumors with high-risk features are not well studied. Given the advancement in tyrosine kinase inhibitor and immunotherapy for advanced HCCs, several phase 3 randomized clinical trials (RCTs) are investigating these agents in the adjuvant setting. The first of these, the STORM trial, which evaluated sorafenib for HCC after resection or ablation, did not sh...
Source: JAMA Surgery - April 3, 2024 Category: Sports Medicine Source Type: research
Metabolic Surgery for Diabetes Management
In this report, the authors noted that gastric bypass surgery provided exceptional glycemic control for patients with non–insulin dependent type 2 diabetes. Following these foundational observations, there have been multiple prospectiv e trials that have clearly delineated the superior effectiveness of metabolic surgery for glycemic outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes and overweight or obesity. For instance, the Surgical Treatment and Medications Potentially Eradicate Diabetes Efficiently (STAMPEDE) trial randomized patients with type 2 diabetes to intensive medical therapy or intensive medical therapy with metabol...
Source: JAMA Surgery - April 3, 2024 Category: Sports Medicine Source Type: research
